"earthapple" meaning in English

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "*erth-appel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English *erth-appel",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eorþæppel",
        "lit": "earth or ground-apple",
        "t": "cucumber"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eorþæppel (“cucumber”, literally “earth or ground-apple”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*erþapplu",
        "pos": "the name of various types of fruits which grow on or below the ground; gourd, melon, squash"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *erþapplu (the name of various types of fruits which grow on or below the ground; gourd, melon, squash)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "earth",
        "3": "apple"
      },
      "expansion": "earth + apple",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "aardappel",
        "nocap": "1",
        "t": "potato"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Dutch aardappel (“potato”)",
      "name": "calque"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Erdapfel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Erdapfel",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "pomme de terre"
      },
      "expansion": "French pomme de terre",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From earlier erth-apple (“tuberous root of the sowbread\", also \"tomato-like fruit of the mandrake”), from Middle English *erth-appel, from Old English eorþæppel (“cucumber”, literally “earth or ground-apple”), from Proto-West Germanic *erþapplu (the name of various types of fruits which grow on or below the ground; gourd, melon, squash), equivalent to earth + apple. The modern sense of \"potato\" is a calque of Dutch aardappel (“potato”). Compare also German Erdapfel, French pomme de terre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "earthapples",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earth-apple",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earth apple",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "earthapple (plural earthapples)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 17 17 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 8 12 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 13 24 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 13 10 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Heliantheae tribe plants",
          "orig": "en:Heliantheae tribe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 10 14 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Root vegetables",
          "orig": "en:Root vegetables",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A Jerusalem artichoke (the tuber of Helianthus tuberosus); the plant that produces it."
      ],
      "id": "en-earthapple-en-noun-en:Q146190_or_its_tuber",
      "links": [
        [
          "Helianthus tuberosus",
          "Helianthus tuberosus#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q146190 or its tuber"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ground pear"
        },
        {
          "word": "sunchoke"
        },
        {
          "word": "more at Jerusalem artichoke"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "42 13 10 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Heliantheae tribe plants",
          "orig": "en:Heliantheae tribe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 59 5 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Potatoes",
          "orig": "en:Potatoes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              210,
              222
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1984, Thomas Jefferson, Merrill D. Peterson, Jefferson: Writings:",
          "text": "The most probable account I have been able to collect is, that a vessel of Sir Walter Raleigh's, returning from Guiana, put into the west of Ireland in distress, having on board some potatoes which they called earth-apples.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              141,
              151
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2009, Paul Stewart, Chris Riddell, Edge Chronicles: Stormchaser:",
          "text": "It was supper-time on board the Stormchaser, and the sky pirates were all seated round a longbench tucking into a meal of baked snowbird and earthapple mash.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              57,
              68
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2009, Linda F. Selzer, Charles Johnson in Context:",
          "text": "He finished carefully arranging a plate of fresh prawns, earthapples, and kale he'd bought special for Captain Falcon in Bangalang.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              49,
              60
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2014, Nancy Springer, Madbond:",
          "text": "There were roots of some sort, also, baking like earthapples near the fire, and a basket of late berries, most of them bitter. I ate them anyway.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              96,
              107
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2015, H.B. Dill, Supernal Andantes: A Book of Poetry:",
          "text": "When the crickets begin to wail and the midnight Festers with wrinkles, and the dwayberries And earthapples in my wounds cluster and garrote The dewscented boughs of my surreal gaze, Then my dear, bless these tears and rise to me [...]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A potato; the plant that produces it."
      ],
      "id": "en-earthapple-en-noun-en:Q16587531_or_Q10998",
      "links": [
        [
          "potato",
          "potato"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A potato; the plant that produces it."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q16587531 or Q10998"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "groundapple"
        },
        {
          "word": "ground pear"
        },
        {
          "word": "more at potato"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "42 13 10 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Heliantheae tribe plants",
          "orig": "en:Heliantheae tribe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The fruit of the mandrake (Mandragora officinarum); the plant itself."
      ],
      "id": "en-earthapple-en-noun-ypgZJY6Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "mandrake",
          "mandrake"
        ],
        [
          "Mandragora officinarum",
          "Wikispecies:Mandragora officinarum"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) The fruit of the mandrake (Mandragora officinarum); the plant itself."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "42 13 10 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Heliantheae tribe plants",
          "orig": "en:Heliantheae tribe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various tubers or the tuberous plants that produce them, especially sowbread (genus Cyclamen)."
      ],
      "id": "en-earthapple-en-noun-utKD3Yxm",
      "links": [
        [
          "tuber",
          "tuber"
        ],
        [
          "tuberous",
          "tuberous"
        ],
        [
          "sowbread",
          "sowbread"
        ],
        [
          "Cyclamen",
          "Cyclamen#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Any of various tubers or the tuberous plants that produce them, especially sowbread (genus Cyclamen)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "earthapple"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English compound terms",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms calqued from Dutch",
    "English terms derived from Dutch",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "en:Heliantheae tribe plants",
    "en:Potatoes",
    "en:Root vegetables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "enm",
        "3": "*erth-appel"
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      "expansion": "Middle English *erth-appel",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eorþæppel",
        "lit": "earth or ground-apple",
        "t": "cucumber"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eorþæppel (“cucumber”, literally “earth or ground-apple”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*erþapplu",
        "pos": "the name of various types of fruits which grow on or below the ground; gourd, melon, squash"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *erþapplu (the name of various types of fruits which grow on or below the ground; gourd, melon, squash)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "earth",
        "3": "apple"
      },
      "expansion": "earth + apple",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "aardappel",
        "nocap": "1",
        "t": "potato"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Dutch aardappel (“potato”)",
      "name": "calque"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Erdapfel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Erdapfel",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "pomme de terre"
      },
      "expansion": "French pomme de terre",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From earlier erth-apple (“tuberous root of the sowbread\", also \"tomato-like fruit of the mandrake”), from Middle English *erth-appel, from Old English eorþæppel (“cucumber”, literally “earth or ground-apple”), from Proto-West Germanic *erþapplu (the name of various types of fruits which grow on or below the ground; gourd, melon, squash), equivalent to earth + apple. The modern sense of \"potato\" is a calque of Dutch aardappel (“potato”). Compare also German Erdapfel, French pomme de terre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "earthapples",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earth-apple",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earth apple",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "earthapple (plural earthapples)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A Jerusalem artichoke (the tuber of Helianthus tuberosus); the plant that produces it."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Helianthus tuberosus",
          "Helianthus tuberosus#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q146190 or its tuber"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ground pear"
        },
        {
          "word": "sunchoke"
        },
        {
          "word": "more at Jerusalem artichoke"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with rare senses",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              210,
              222
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1984, Thomas Jefferson, Merrill D. Peterson, Jefferson: Writings:",
          "text": "The most probable account I have been able to collect is, that a vessel of Sir Walter Raleigh's, returning from Guiana, put into the west of Ireland in distress, having on board some potatoes which they called earth-apples.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              141,
              151
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2009, Paul Stewart, Chris Riddell, Edge Chronicles: Stormchaser:",
          "text": "It was supper-time on board the Stormchaser, and the sky pirates were all seated round a longbench tucking into a meal of baked snowbird and earthapple mash.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              57,
              68
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2009, Linda F. Selzer, Charles Johnson in Context:",
          "text": "He finished carefully arranging a plate of fresh prawns, earthapples, and kale he'd bought special for Captain Falcon in Bangalang.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              49,
              60
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2014, Nancy Springer, Madbond:",
          "text": "There were roots of some sort, also, baking like earthapples near the fire, and a basket of late berries, most of them bitter. I ate them anyway.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              96,
              107
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2015, H.B. Dill, Supernal Andantes: A Book of Poetry:",
          "text": "When the crickets begin to wail and the midnight Festers with wrinkles, and the dwayberries And earthapples in my wounds cluster and garrote The dewscented boughs of my surreal gaze, Then my dear, bless these tears and rise to me [...]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A potato; the plant that produces it."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "potato",
          "potato"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A potato; the plant that produces it."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:Q16587531 or Q10998"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "groundapple"
        },
        {
          "word": "ground pear"
        },
        {
          "word": "more at potato"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The fruit of the mandrake (Mandragora officinarum); the plant itself."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mandrake",
          "mandrake"
        ],
        [
          "Mandragora officinarum",
          "Wikispecies:Mandragora officinarum"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) The fruit of the mandrake (Mandragora officinarum); the plant itself."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of various tubers or the tuberous plants that produce them, especially sowbread (genus Cyclamen)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tuber",
          "tuber"
        ],
        [
          "tuberous",
          "tuberous"
        ],
        [
          "sowbread",
          "sowbread"
        ],
        [
          "Cyclamen",
          "Cyclamen#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Any of various tubers or the tuberous plants that produce them, especially sowbread (genus Cyclamen)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "earthapple"
}