"drub" meaning in English

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "*drob"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English *drob",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "drof"
      },
      "expansion": "drof",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*drōb"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *drōb",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "drōf",
        "t": "turbid; dreggy; dirty"
      },
      "expansion": "drōf (“turbid; dreggy; dirty”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*drōbī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drōbī",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*drōbuz",
        "t": "turbid"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (“turbid”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English *drob, drof, from Old English *drōb, drōf (“turbid; dreggy; dirty”), from Proto-West Germanic *drōbī, from Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (“turbid”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drubs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "drub (usually uncountable, plural drubs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern England English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 2 26 21 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 2 25 21 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "drubly"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Carbonaceous shale; small coal; slate, dross, or rubbish in coal."
      ],
      "id": "en-drub-en-noun-fRCbvkfX",
      "links": [
        [
          "Carbonaceous",
          "carbonaceous"
        ],
        [
          "shale",
          "shale"
        ],
        [
          "coal",
          "coal"
        ],
        [
          "slate",
          "slate"
        ],
        [
          "dross",
          "dross"
        ],
        [
          "rubbish",
          "rubbish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dialectal, Northern England) Carbonaceous shale; small coal; slate, dross, or rubbish in coal."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern-England",
        "dialectal",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɹʌb/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌb"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-drub.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drub"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "drubbing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "ضَرَبَ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to beat, to hit"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba, “to beat, to hit”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "",
        "3": "drab"
      },
      "expansion": "drab",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "",
        "3": "drop, dryp, drib",
        "t": "to beat"
      },
      "expansion": "drop, dryp, drib (“to beat”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "drepen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English drepen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "drop, drap, drape",
        "4": "struck, killed"
      },
      "expansion": "drop, drap, drape (“struck, killed”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "drepan",
        "t": "to strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English drepan (“to strike”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*drepan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drepan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*drepaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to beat, bump, strike, slay"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drepaną (“to beat, bump, strike, slay”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰrebʰ-",
        "4": "*dʰreb⁽ʰ⁾-",
        "t": "to strike, crush, kill"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb⁽ʰ⁾- (“to strike, crush, kill”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*drubbōną"
      },
      "expansion": "*drubbōną",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*drabaną",
        "t": "to hit, hew"
      },
      "expansion": "*drabaną (“to hit, hew”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "drubba",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to fall over"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian drubba (“to fall over”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "drop",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a blow, beat"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian drop (“a blow, beat”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "treffan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German treffan (“to hit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "drepa",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to strike, slay, kill"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse drepa (“to strike, slay, kill”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "dub"
      },
      "expansion": "dub",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "drape"
      },
      "expansion": "drape",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "1625, of uncertain origin:\n* Perhaps from Arabic ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba, “to beat, to hit”),\n* or perhaps originally from a dialectal word (Kent) drab, variant of drop, dryp, drib (“to beat”), from Middle English drepen (preterit drop, drap, drape (“struck, killed”)) from Old English drepan (“to strike”), from Proto-West Germanic *drepan, from Proto-Germanic *drepaną (“to beat, bump, strike, slay”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb⁽ʰ⁾- (“to strike, crush, kill”).\n* Linguist Guus Kroonen suggests that it reflects the Proto-Germanic verb *drubbōną, iterative to *drabaną (“to hit, hew”), as found in Norwegian drubba (“to fall over”).\nAkin to Old Frisian drop (“a blow, beat”), Old High German treffan (“to hit”), Old Norse drepa (“to strike, slay, kill”). Compare also dub. More at drape.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drubs",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drubbing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drubbed",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drubbed",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "drub (third-person singular simple present drubs, present participle drubbing, simple past and past participle drubbed)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To beat (someone or something) with a stick."
      ],
      "id": "en-drub-en-verb-KqRzsEoZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ],
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḍaraba",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "ضَرَبَ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "banke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "prygle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "tæske"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "bastoni"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "bâtonner"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "fustiger"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "prügeln"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "greasáil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "gread"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "bastonare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "fustigare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "battuo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "fustigo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "nrf",
          "lang": "Norman",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "quétilyi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "pryle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "drepe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kolotítʹ",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "колоти́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 7 0 0",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to beat with a stick",
          "word": "prygla"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 2 26 21 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 2 25 21 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To defeat someone soundly; to annihilate or crush."
      ],
      "id": "en-drub-en-verb-CXJ940lZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "defeat",
          "defeat"
        ],
        [
          "annihilate",
          "annihilate"
        ],
        [
          "crush",
          "crush"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 2 26 21 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 2 25 21 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To forcefully teach something."
      ],
      "id": "en-drub-en-verb-wM~BnUWq",
      "links": [
        [
          "teach",
          "teach"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 2 26 21 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 2 25 21 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To criticize harshly; to excoriate."
      ],
      "id": "en-drub-en-verb-0ya13dAS",
      "links": [
        [
          "criticize",
          "criticize"
        ],
        [
          "excoriate",
          "excoriate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɹʌb/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌb"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-drub.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "drub"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with unknown etymologies",
    "English transitive verbs",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌb",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "drubly"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "*drob"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English *drob",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "drof"
      },
      "expansion": "drof",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*drōb"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *drōb",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "drōf",
        "t": "turbid; dreggy; dirty"
      },
      "expansion": "drōf (“turbid; dreggy; dirty”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*drōbī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drōbī",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*drōbuz",
        "t": "turbid"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (“turbid”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English *drob, drof, from Old English *drōb, drōf (“turbid; dreggy; dirty”), from Proto-West Germanic *drōbī, from Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (“turbid”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drubs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "drub (usually uncountable, plural drubs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dialectal terms",
        "Northern England English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Carbonaceous shale; small coal; slate, dross, or rubbish in coal."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Carbonaceous",
          "carbonaceous"
        ],
        [
          "shale",
          "shale"
        ],
        [
          "coal",
          "coal"
        ],
        [
          "slate",
          "slate"
        ],
        [
          "dross",
          "dross"
        ],
        [
          "rubbish",
          "rubbish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dialectal, Northern England) Carbonaceous shale; small coal; slate, dross, or rubbish in coal."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern-England",
        "dialectal",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɹʌb/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌb"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-drub.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drub"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with unknown etymologies",
    "English transitive verbs",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌb",
    "Rhymes:English/ʌb/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "drubbing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "ضَرَبَ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to beat, to hit"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba, “to beat, to hit”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "",
        "3": "drab"
      },
      "expansion": "drab",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "",
        "3": "drop, dryp, drib",
        "t": "to beat"
      },
      "expansion": "drop, dryp, drib (“to beat”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "drepen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English drepen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "drop, drap, drape",
        "4": "struck, killed"
      },
      "expansion": "drop, drap, drape (“struck, killed”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "drepan",
        "t": "to strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English drepan (“to strike”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*drepan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drepan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*drepaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to beat, bump, strike, slay"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drepaną (“to beat, bump, strike, slay”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰrebʰ-",
        "4": "*dʰreb⁽ʰ⁾-",
        "t": "to strike, crush, kill"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb⁽ʰ⁾- (“to strike, crush, kill”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*drubbōną"
      },
      "expansion": "*drubbōną",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*drabaną",
        "t": "to hit, hew"
      },
      "expansion": "*drabaną (“to hit, hew”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "drubba",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to fall over"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian drubba (“to fall over”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "drop",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a blow, beat"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian drop (“a blow, beat”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "treffan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German treffan (“to hit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "drepa",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to strike, slay, kill"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse drepa (“to strike, slay, kill”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "dub"
      },
      "expansion": "dub",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "drape"
      },
      "expansion": "drape",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "1625, of uncertain origin:\n* Perhaps from Arabic ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba, “to beat, to hit”),\n* or perhaps originally from a dialectal word (Kent) drab, variant of drop, dryp, drib (“to beat”), from Middle English drepen (preterit drop, drap, drape (“struck, killed”)) from Old English drepan (“to strike”), from Proto-West Germanic *drepan, from Proto-Germanic *drepaną (“to beat, bump, strike, slay”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb⁽ʰ⁾- (“to strike, crush, kill”).\n* Linguist Guus Kroonen suggests that it reflects the Proto-Germanic verb *drubbōną, iterative to *drabaną (“to hit, hew”), as found in Norwegian drubba (“to fall over”).\nAkin to Old Frisian drop (“a blow, beat”), Old High German treffan (“to hit”), Old Norse drepa (“to strike, slay, kill”). Compare also dub. More at drape.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drubs",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drubbing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drubbed",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drubbed",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "drub (third-person singular simple present drubs, present participle drubbing, simple past and past participle drubbed)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To beat (someone or something) with a stick."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ],
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To defeat someone soundly; to annihilate or crush."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "defeat",
          "defeat"
        ],
        [
          "annihilate",
          "annihilate"
        ],
        [
          "crush",
          "crush"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To forcefully teach something."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "teach",
          "teach"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To criticize harshly; to excoriate."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "criticize",
          "criticize"
        ],
        [
          "excoriate",
          "excoriate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɹʌb/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌb"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-drub.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-drub.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḍaraba",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "ضَرَبَ"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "banke"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "prygle"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "tæske"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "bastoni"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "bâtonner"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "fustiger"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "prügeln"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "greasáil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "gread"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "bastonare"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "fustigare"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "battuo"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "fustigo"
    },
    {
      "code": "nrf",
      "lang": "Norman",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "quétilyi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "pryle"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "drepe"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kolotítʹ",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "колоти́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to beat with a stick",
      "word": "prygla"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "drub"
}