"citizen science" meaning in English

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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
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          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Sciences",
          "orig": "en:Sciences",
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            "Fundamental"
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2012, Daniel B. Botkin, The Moon in the Nautilus Shell: Discordant Harmonies Reconsidered, Oxford University Press, →ISBN:",
          "text": "This postscript makes a big push for citizen science. By this I mean voluntary participation in periodic counts and measurements of the abundances of populations, the diversity of habitats, and some straightforward chemistry, […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Ms Mia Ridge, Crowdsourcing our Cultural Heritage, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., →ISBN, page 45:",
          "text": "'Crowdsourcing' and 'citizen science' have been around as concepts for many years, and early forms of mass participation such as the University of Sussex's Mass observation Project, founded in 1937, have helped by providing useful […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Nitin Agarwal, Merlyna Lim, Rolf T. Wigand, Online Collective Action: Dynamics of the Crowd in Social Media, Springer, →ISBN, page 133:",
          "text": "While first generation citizen science projects have successfully used the Web to crowd-source environmental data collection, “next generation” citizen science practice networks combine crowd-sourcing, joint sense of purpose, and soft […]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Scientific research done, in whole or in part, by amateur (or nonprofessional) scientists."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "science"
        }
      ],
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          "Scientific",
          "scientific"
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          "amateur",
          "amateur"
        ],
        [
          "nonprofessional",
          "nonprofessional"
        ],
        [
          "scientist",
          "scientist"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(sciences) Scientific research done, in whole or in part, by amateur (or nonprofessional) scientists."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "citizen scientist"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "citizen science",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Bürgerwissenschaft"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "citizen science",
          "word": "medborgarforskning"
        }
      ]
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  "word": "citizen science"
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    {
      "word": "science"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "citizen scientist"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English multiword terms",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "en:Sciences"
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        {
          "ref": "2012, Daniel B. Botkin, The Moon in the Nautilus Shell: Discordant Harmonies Reconsidered, Oxford University Press, →ISBN:",
          "text": "This postscript makes a big push for citizen science. By this I mean voluntary participation in periodic counts and measurements of the abundances of populations, the diversity of habitats, and some straightforward chemistry, […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Ms Mia Ridge, Crowdsourcing our Cultural Heritage, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., →ISBN, page 45:",
          "text": "'Crowdsourcing' and 'citizen science' have been around as concepts for many years, and early forms of mass participation such as the University of Sussex's Mass observation Project, founded in 1937, have helped by providing useful […]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Nitin Agarwal, Merlyna Lim, Rolf T. Wigand, Online Collective Action: Dynamics of the Crowd in Social Media, Springer, →ISBN, page 133:",
          "text": "While first generation citizen science projects have successfully used the Web to crowd-source environmental data collection, “next generation” citizen science practice networks combine crowd-sourcing, joint sense of purpose, and soft […]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Scientific research done, in whole or in part, by amateur (or nonprofessional) scientists."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sciences",
          "sciences"
        ],
        [
          "Scientific",
          "scientific"
        ],
        [
          "amateur",
          "amateur"
        ],
        [
          "nonprofessional",
          "nonprofessional"
        ],
        [
          "scientist",
          "scientist"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(sciences) Scientific research done, in whole or in part, by amateur (or nonprofessional) scientists."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "sciences"
      ]
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  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "citizen science",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Bürgerwissenschaft"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "citizen science",
      "word": "medborgarforskning"
    }
  ],
  "word": "citizen science"
}