See centum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "centum", "t": "hundred" }, "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin centum (“hundred”)", "name": "lbor" }, { "args": { "1": "ae", "2": "𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨" }, "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨 (satəm)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "hundred", "3": "satem" }, "expansion": "Doublet of hundred and satem", "name": "dbt" } ], "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin centum (“hundred”), attested at least since 1890s. Its use in linguistics is due to it being a canonical example of a word retaining an original velar stop, as opposed to Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨 (satəm). Doublet of hundred and satem.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "centum (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "antonyms": [ { "word": "satem" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Indo-European studies", "orig": "en:Indo-European studies", "parents": [ "Linguistics", "Language", "Social sciences", "Communication", "Sciences", "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "51 42 7", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 44 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 4 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "48 48 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "centumization" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2003, Johanna Nichols, Archaeology and Language II: Archaeological Data and Linguistic Hypotheses:", "text": "Table 10.1 shows the relative chronology of centum and satem entries to the west. Along each trajectory, centum languages precede satem languages, and the frontier languages, thos most clearly showing peripheral type shift, are centum.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Referring to an Indo-European language that did not produce sibilants from a series of Proto-Indo-European palatovelar stops." ], "id": "en-centum-en-adj-opzUeeIs", "links": [ [ "Indo-European studies", "Indo-European studies" ], [ "Indo-European", "Indo-European" ], [ "sibilant", "sibilant" ], [ "Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Indo-European" ], [ "palatovelar", "palatovelar" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Indo-European studies) Referring to an Indo-European language that did not produce sibilants from a series of Proto-Indo-European palatovelar stops." ], "tags": [ "Indo-European-studies", "not-comparable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkɛntəm/" }, { "ipa": "/ˈsɛntəm/", "tags": [ "proscribed" ] }, { "rhymes": "-ɛntəm" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "Centum" } ], "word": "centum" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "sa", "3": "शतक", "t": "a hundred; a satakam" }, "expansion": "Calque of Sanskrit शतक (śataka, “a hundred; a satakam”)", "name": "clq" } ], "etymology_text": "Calque of Sanskrit शतक (śataka, “a hundred; a satakam”). The latter meaning is attested at least since 1991 and is explained by 100-point academic grading in India.", "forms": [ { "form": "centums", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "centum (plural centums)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "per centum" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "51 42 7", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 44 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 4 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "48 48 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1847, William Taylor, Madras Journal of Literature and Science:", "text": "Tonda-mandala-sātacam, a centum of verses on the Conjeveram country, No. 148, C. M. 73. The sātacam is a poem of one hundred stanzas, in its appropriate metre.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2017, Language, Culture and Power: English–Tamil in Modern India, 1900 to Present Day:", "text": "Norman Cutler's Songs of Experience: The Poetics of Tamil Devotion (1987) provides a partial translation, choosing to translate just 50 hymns from the first two centums and a few phalasrutis, or the signature stanzas.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Satakam, set of one hundred verses connected by the same metre or topic." ], "id": "en-centum-en-noun-wAGmgWTd", "links": [ [ "Satakam", "satakam#English" ] ], "qualifier": "Sanskrit and other Indian philology", "raw_glosses": [ "(Sanskrit and other Indian philology) Satakam, set of one hundred verses connected by the same metre or topic." ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Indian English", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1991, A. Srinivasa Raghavan, The Life and Works of Sri Nigamanta Maha Desikan:", "text": "Achyuta Satakam is a centum in Prakrit Language; Devanayaka Panchasat (the fifty on Devanayaka), in sanskrit and several poetical works in Tamil.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1998, K. Srinivasa Rao, Srinivasa Ramanujan: A Mathematical Genius:", "text": "Though he secured a centum in mathematics, he failed to secure pass marks in other subjects.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2004, K. R. Narayanaswamy, A Teacher's Grammar of English:", "text": "Ramesh scored a centum in mathematics.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Perfect score on a board exam." ], "id": "en-centum-en-noun-zHDfFhKs", "links": [ [ "score", "score" ], [ "exam", "exam" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(India) Perfect score on a board exam." ], "tags": [ "India" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈsɛntəm/" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "Centum" } ], "wikipedia": [ "academic grading in India" ], "word": "centum" }
{ "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English learned borrowings from Latin", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from Latin", "English terms calqued from Sanskrit", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Sanskrit", "English uncomparable adjectives", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛntəm", "Rhymes:English/ɛntəm/2 syllables" ], "derived": [ { "word": "centumization" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "centum", "t": "hundred" }, "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin centum (“hundred”)", "name": "lbor" }, { "args": { "1": "ae", "2": "𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨" }, "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨 (satəm)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "hundred", "3": "satem" }, "expansion": "Doublet of hundred and satem", "name": "dbt" } ], "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin centum (“hundred”), attested at least since 1890s. Its use in linguistics is due to it being a canonical example of a word retaining an original velar stop, as opposed to Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨 (satəm). Doublet of hundred and satem.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "centum (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "antonyms": [ { "word": "satem" } ], "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned", "en:Indo-European studies" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2003, Johanna Nichols, Archaeology and Language II: Archaeological Data and Linguistic Hypotheses:", "text": "Table 10.1 shows the relative chronology of centum and satem entries to the west. Along each trajectory, centum languages precede satem languages, and the frontier languages, thos most clearly showing peripheral type shift, are centum.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Referring to an Indo-European language that did not produce sibilants from a series of Proto-Indo-European palatovelar stops." ], "links": [ [ "Indo-European studies", "Indo-European studies" ], [ "Indo-European", "Indo-European" ], [ "sibilant", "sibilant" ], [ "Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Indo-European" ], [ "palatovelar", "palatovelar" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Indo-European studies) Referring to an Indo-European language that did not produce sibilants from a series of Proto-Indo-European palatovelar stops." ], "tags": [ "Indo-European-studies", "not-comparable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkɛntəm/" }, { "ipa": "/ˈsɛntəm/", "tags": [ "proscribed" ] }, { "rhymes": "-ɛntəm" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Centum" } ], "word": "centum" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms calqued from Sanskrit", "English terms derived from Sanskrit", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "sa", "3": "शतक", "t": "a hundred; a satakam" }, "expansion": "Calque of Sanskrit शतक (śataka, “a hundred; a satakam”)", "name": "clq" } ], "etymology_text": "Calque of Sanskrit शतक (śataka, “a hundred; a satakam”). The latter meaning is attested at least since 1991 and is explained by 100-point academic grading in India.", "forms": [ { "form": "centums", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "centum (plural centums)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "per centum" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1847, William Taylor, Madras Journal of Literature and Science:", "text": "Tonda-mandala-sātacam, a centum of verses on the Conjeveram country, No. 148, C. M. 73. The sātacam is a poem of one hundred stanzas, in its appropriate metre.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2017, Language, Culture and Power: English–Tamil in Modern India, 1900 to Present Day:", "text": "Norman Cutler's Songs of Experience: The Poetics of Tamil Devotion (1987) provides a partial translation, choosing to translate just 50 hymns from the first two centums and a few phalasrutis, or the signature stanzas.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Satakam, set of one hundred verses connected by the same metre or topic." ], "links": [ [ "Satakam", "satakam#English" ] ], "qualifier": "Sanskrit and other Indian philology", "raw_glosses": [ "(Sanskrit and other Indian philology) Satakam, set of one hundred verses connected by the same metre or topic." ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "Indian English", "Quotation templates to be cleaned" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1991, A. Srinivasa Raghavan, The Life and Works of Sri Nigamanta Maha Desikan:", "text": "Achyuta Satakam is a centum in Prakrit Language; Devanayaka Panchasat (the fifty on Devanayaka), in sanskrit and several poetical works in Tamil.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1998, K. Srinivasa Rao, Srinivasa Ramanujan: A Mathematical Genius:", "text": "Though he secured a centum in mathematics, he failed to secure pass marks in other subjects.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2004, K. R. Narayanaswamy, A Teacher's Grammar of English:", "text": "Ramesh scored a centum in mathematics.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Perfect score on a board exam." ], "links": [ [ "score", "score" ], [ "exam", "exam" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(India) Perfect score on a board exam." ], "tags": [ "India" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈsɛntəm/" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Centum" } ], "wikipedia": [ "academic grading in India" ], "word": "centum" }
Download raw JSONL data for centum meaning in English (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.