"bever" meaning in English

See bever in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈbiːvə(ɹ)/ Forms: bevers [plural]
Head templates: {{en-noun}} bever (plural bevers)
  1. Alternative spelling of bevor Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: bevor
    Sense id: en-bever-en-noun-6dP2XVAQ Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English links with redundant target parameters Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 35 1 23 2 3 6 8 23 Disambiguation of English links with redundant target parameters: 41 1 19 4 4 5 7 19
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /ˈbiːvə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈbivɚ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bever.wav [Southern-England] Forms: bevers [plural]
enPR: bēʹvər [General-American] Rhymes: -iːvə(ɹ) Etymology: From Middle English bever, from Anglo-Norman bever (modern French boire), from Latin bibō. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*peh₃-}}, {{inh|en|enm|bever}} Middle English bever, {{der|en|xno|bever}} Anglo-Norman bever, {{cog|fr|boire}} French boire, {{der|en|la|bibō}} Latin bibō Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} bever (countable and uncountable, plural bevers)
  1. (obsolete) A drink. Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable
    Sense id: en-bever-en-noun-KmuBUtlI
  2. (now rare, archaic) A snack or light refreshment between meals. Tags: archaic, countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-bever-en-noun-kDu3lP01
  3. (obsolete) A time for drinking. Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable
    Sense id: en-bever-en-noun-CUCq27r5
  4. (obsolete) A mixture of cider and water. Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable
    Sense id: en-bever-en-noun-b8PKeyzO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: beverage
Etymology number: 3

Noun

IPA: /ˈbiːvə(ɹ)/ Forms: bevers [plural]
Head templates: {{en-noun}} bever (plural bevers)
  1. Obsolete spelling of beaver (“semiaquatic rodent”) Tags: alt-of, obsolete Alternative form of: beaver (extra: semiaquatic rodent)
    Sense id: en-bever-en-noun-6HcZgRKB
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Verb

IPA: /ˈbɛvə(ɹ)/ [UK], /ˈbɪvə(ɹ)/ [UK], /ˈbɛ(ː)vəɹ/ [Scotland] Forms: bevers [present, singular, third-person], bevering [participle, present], bevered [participle, past], bevered [past]
Etymology: From Middle English biveren, beveren (“to tremble”), frequentative form of Old English beofian, bifian (“to tremble, be moved, shake, quake”), from Proto-Germanic *bibāną (“to quake, shiver”). Cognate with West Frisian bibberje (“to shiver”), Dutch bibberen (“to shiver, quiver”), Low German beveren (“to shiver”), German Low German bevern (“to tremble”), German bibbern (“to shiver”). related also to Dutch beven (“to quake”), German beben (“to quake, tremble”), Swedish bäva (“to quake, tremble”), Icelandic bifa (“to budge, be moved”), Latin foedus (“disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|biveren}} Middle English biveren, {{m|enm|beveren|t=to tremble}} beveren (“to tremble”), {{der|en|ang|beofian}} Old English beofian, {{m|ang|bifian||to tremble, be moved, shake, quake}} bifian (“to tremble, be moved, shake, quake”), {{der|en|gem-pro|*bibāną||to quake, shiver}} Proto-Germanic *bibāną (“to quake, shiver”), {{cog|fy|bibberje|t=to shiver}} West Frisian bibberje (“to shiver”), {{cog|nl|bibberen||to shiver, quiver}} Dutch bibberen (“to shiver, quiver”), {{cog|nds|beveren||to shiver}} Low German beveren (“to shiver”), {{cog|nds-de|bevern|t=to tremble}} German Low German bevern (“to tremble”), {{cog|de|bibbern|t=to shiver}} German bibbern (“to shiver”), {{cog|nl|beven||to quake}} Dutch beven (“to quake”), {{cog|de|beben||to quake, tremble}} German beben (“to quake, tremble”), {{cog|sv|bäva||to quake, tremble}} Swedish bäva (“to quake, tremble”), {{cog|is|bifa||to budge, be moved}} Icelandic bifa (“to budge, be moved”), {{cog|la|foedus||disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous}} Latin foedus (“disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} bever (third-person singular simple present bevers, present participle bevering, simple past and past participle bevered)
  1. (intransitive) To tremble; shake; quiver; shiver. Tags: intransitive Derived forms: bevering
    Sense id: en-bever-en-verb-YskWEsb5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /ˈbiːvə/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈbivɚ/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bever.wav [Southern-England] Forms: bevers [present, singular, third-person], bevering [participle, present], bevered [participle, past], bevered [past]
enPR: bēʹvər [General-American] Rhymes: -iːvə(ɹ) Etymology: From Middle English bever, from Anglo-Norman bever (modern French boire), from Latin bibō. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*peh₃-}}, {{inh|en|enm|bever}} Middle English bever, {{der|en|xno|bever}} Anglo-Norman bever, {{cog|fr|boire}} French boire, {{der|en|la|bibō}} Latin bibō Head templates: {{en-verb}} bever (third-person singular simple present bevers, present participle bevering, simple past and past participle bevered)
  1. (obsolete) To take a light repast between meals. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-bever-en-verb-73KsYPYY
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for bever meaning in English (11.7kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "biveren"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English biveren",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "beveren",
        "t": "to tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "beveren (“to tremble”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "beofian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English beofian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "bifian",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to tremble, be moved, shake, quake"
      },
      "expansion": "bifian (“to tremble, be moved, shake, quake”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bibāną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to quake, shiver"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bibāną (“to quake, shiver”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "bibberje",
        "t": "to shiver"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian bibberje (“to shiver”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bibberen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shiver, quiver"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bibberen (“to shiver, quiver”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "beveren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shiver"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German beveren (“to shiver”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "bevern",
        "t": "to tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German bevern (“to tremble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "bibbern",
        "t": "to shiver"
      },
      "expansion": "German bibbern (“to shiver”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "beven",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to quake"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch beven (“to quake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "beben",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to quake, tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "German beben (“to quake, tremble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "bäva",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to quake, tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish bäva (“to quake, tremble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "bifa",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to budge, be moved"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic bifa (“to budge, be moved”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "foedus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin foedus (“disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English biveren, beveren (“to tremble”), frequentative form of Old English beofian, bifian (“to tremble, be moved, shake, quake”), from Proto-Germanic *bibāną (“to quake, shiver”). Cognate with West Frisian bibberje (“to shiver”), Dutch bibberen (“to shiver, quiver”), Low German beveren (“to shiver”), German Low German bevern (“to tremble”), German bibbern (“to shiver”). related also to Dutch beven (“to quake”), German beben (“to quake, tremble”), Swedish bäva (“to quake, tremble”), Icelandic bifa (“to budge, be moved”), Latin foedus (“disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevering",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevered",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevered",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bever (third-person singular simple present bevers, present participle bevering, simple past and past participle bevered)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bevering"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte D'Arthur, page 25",
          "text": "Wherefore King Ban and King Bors made them ready, and dressed their shields and harness, and they were so courageous that many knights shook and bevered for eagerness.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To tremble; shake; quiver; shiver."
      ],
      "id": "en-bever-en-verb-YskWEsb5",
      "links": [
        [
          "tremble",
          "tremble"
        ],
        [
          "shake",
          "shake"
        ],
        [
          "quiver",
          "quiver"
        ],
        [
          "shiver",
          "shiver"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To tremble; shake; quiver; shiver."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɛvə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɪvə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɛ(ː)vəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bever (plural bevers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "bevor"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 1 23 2 3 6 8 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 1 19 4 4 5 7 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene",
          "text": "And, passing forward with furious affret, / Pierst through his bever and quite into his brow.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1635, L. I. [pseudonym; John Lechmere], “The Third Argument was about the Killing Letter; out of Origen, […]”, in The Relection of a Conference Tovching the Reall Presence. Or A Bachelovrs Censvre of a Masters Apologie for Doctour Featlie, Douai: Lavrence Kellam, →OCLC, page 333",
          "text": "He who lookes you in the face, ſaith he ſees you, though the reſt of your bodie be within your cloathes, and if you, being an ὁωλομάχος a cataphract in your proteſtantiſh πανοπλία [panoplía, suit of armour] should for fear pull downe your beuer before you come into the liſt, your Aduerſarie for all that might light vpon your (  ) vnleſſe you bring with you Giges his ring, ſo to make your ſelf inuiſible; [...]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 8",
          "text": "Some close helmets have a farther improvement called a bever, the bever when closed covers the mouth and chin, and either lifts up by revolving on the same pivots as the visor, or lets down by means of two or more pivots on each side near the jaws, in which case the bever consists of several laminæ or plates, one shutting over the other.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of bevor"
      ],
      "id": "en-bever-en-noun-6dP2XVAQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "bevor",
          "bevor#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiːvə(ɹ)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bever"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bever",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "bever"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman bever",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "boire"
      },
      "expansion": "French boire",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "bibō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin bibō",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English bever, from Anglo-Norman bever (modern French boire), from Latin bibō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "bever (countable and uncountable, plural bevers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "beverage"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A drink."
      ],
      "id": "en-bever-en-noun-KmuBUtlI",
      "links": [
        [
          "drink",
          "drink"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A drink."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1604, Christopher Marlowe, Dr. Faustus",
          "text": "Thirty meals a day and ten bevers.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1980, Anthony Burgess, Earthly Powers",
          "text": "Very softly I boiled water, made a sandwich from the remains of the luncheon roast chicken, scalded the Twining creature. Then I softly carried my bever to the study on a tray[…].",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A snack or light refreshment between meals."
      ],
      "id": "en-bever-en-noun-kDu3lP01",
      "links": [
        [
          "snack",
          "snack"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now rare, archaic) A snack or light refreshment between meals."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A time for drinking."
      ],
      "id": "en-bever-en-noun-CUCq27r5",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A time for drinking."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A mixture of cider and water."
      ],
      "id": "en-bever-en-noun-b8PKeyzO",
      "links": [
        [
          "cider",
          "cider"
        ],
        [
          "water",
          "water"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A mixture of cider and water."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiːvə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbivɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːvə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "beaver"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Belvoir"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "bevor"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bever.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "bēʹvər",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bever"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bever",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "bever"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman bever",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "boire"
      },
      "expansion": "French boire",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "bibō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin bibō",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English bever, from Anglo-Norman bever (modern French boire), from Latin bibō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevering",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevered",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevered",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bever (third-person singular simple present bevers, present participle bevering, simple past and past participle bevered)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To take a light repast between meals."
      ],
      "id": "en-bever-en-verb-73KsYPYY",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To take a light repast between meals."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiːvə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbivɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːvə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "beaver"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Belvoir"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "bevor"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bever.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "bēʹvər",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bever (plural bevers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "semiaquatic rodent",
          "word": "beaver"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Obsolete spelling of beaver (“semiaquatic rodent”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-bever-en-noun-6HcZgRKB",
      "links": [
        [
          "beaver",
          "beaver#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiːvə(ɹ)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English links with redundant target parameters",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛvəɹ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛvəɹ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bevering"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "biveren"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English biveren",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "beveren",
        "t": "to tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "beveren (“to tremble”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "beofian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English beofian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "bifian",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to tremble, be moved, shake, quake"
      },
      "expansion": "bifian (“to tremble, be moved, shake, quake”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bibāną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to quake, shiver"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bibāną (“to quake, shiver”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "bibberje",
        "t": "to shiver"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian bibberje (“to shiver”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bibberen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shiver, quiver"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bibberen (“to shiver, quiver”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds",
        "2": "beveren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shiver"
      },
      "expansion": "Low German beveren (“to shiver”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nds-de",
        "2": "bevern",
        "t": "to tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "German Low German bevern (“to tremble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "bibbern",
        "t": "to shiver"
      },
      "expansion": "German bibbern (“to shiver”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "beven",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to quake"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch beven (“to quake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "beben",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to quake, tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "German beben (“to quake, tremble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "bäva",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to quake, tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish bäva (“to quake, tremble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "bifa",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to budge, be moved"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic bifa (“to budge, be moved”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "foedus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin foedus (“disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English biveren, beveren (“to tremble”), frequentative form of Old English beofian, bifian (“to tremble, be moved, shake, quake”), from Proto-Germanic *bibāną (“to quake, shiver”). Cognate with West Frisian bibberje (“to shiver”), Dutch bibberen (“to shiver, quiver”), Low German beveren (“to shiver”), German Low German bevern (“to tremble”), German bibbern (“to shiver”). related also to Dutch beven (“to quake”), German beben (“to quake, tremble”), Swedish bäva (“to quake, tremble”), Icelandic bifa (“to budge, be moved”), Latin foedus (“disgusting, shocking, abominable, heinous”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevering",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevered",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevered",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bever (third-person singular simple present bevers, present participle bevering, simple past and past participle bevered)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte D'Arthur, page 25",
          "text": "Wherefore King Ban and King Bors made them ready, and dressed their shields and harness, and they were so courageous that many knights shook and bevered for eagerness.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To tremble; shake; quiver; shiver."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tremble",
          "tremble"
        ],
        [
          "shake",
          "shake"
        ],
        [
          "quiver",
          "quiver"
        ],
        [
          "shiver",
          "shiver"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To tremble; shake; quiver; shiver."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɛvə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɪvə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɛ(ː)vəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English links with redundant target parameters",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bever (plural bevers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "bevor"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene",
          "text": "And, passing forward with furious affret, / Pierst through his bever and quite into his brow.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1635, L. I. [pseudonym; John Lechmere], “The Third Argument was about the Killing Letter; out of Origen, […]”, in The Relection of a Conference Tovching the Reall Presence. Or A Bachelovrs Censvre of a Masters Apologie for Doctour Featlie, Douai: Lavrence Kellam, →OCLC, page 333",
          "text": "He who lookes you in the face, ſaith he ſees you, though the reſt of your bodie be within your cloathes, and if you, being an ὁωλομάχος a cataphract in your proteſtantiſh πανοπλία [panoplía, suit of armour] should for fear pull downe your beuer before you come into the liſt, your Aduerſarie for all that might light vpon your (  ) vnleſſe you bring with you Giges his ring, ſo to make your ſelf inuiſible; [...]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 8",
          "text": "Some close helmets have a farther improvement called a bever, the bever when closed covers the mouth and chin, and either lifts up by revolving on the same pivots as the visor, or lets down by means of two or more pivots on each side near the jaws, in which case the bever consists of several laminæ or plates, one shutting over the other.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of bevor"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bevor",
          "bevor#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiːvə(ɹ)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English links with redundant target parameters",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₃-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/iːvə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/iːvə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bever"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bever",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "bever"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman bever",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "boire"
      },
      "expansion": "French boire",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "bibō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin bibō",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English bever, from Anglo-Norman bever (modern French boire), from Latin bibō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "bever (countable and uncountable, plural bevers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "beverage"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A drink."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "drink",
          "drink"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A drink."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with rare senses",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1604, Christopher Marlowe, Dr. Faustus",
          "text": "Thirty meals a day and ten bevers.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1980, Anthony Burgess, Earthly Powers",
          "text": "Very softly I boiled water, made a sandwich from the remains of the luncheon roast chicken, scalded the Twining creature. Then I softly carried my bever to the study on a tray[…].",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A snack or light refreshment between meals."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "snack",
          "snack"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now rare, archaic) A snack or light refreshment between meals."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A time for drinking."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A time for drinking."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mixture of cider and water."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cider",
          "cider"
        ],
        [
          "water",
          "water"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A mixture of cider and water."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiːvə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbivɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːvə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "beaver"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Belvoir"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "bevor"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bever.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "bēʹvər",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English links with redundant target parameters",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₃-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/iːvə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/iːvə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bever"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bever",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "bever"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman bever",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "boire"
      },
      "expansion": "French boire",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "bibō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin bibō",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English bever, from Anglo-Norman bever (modern French boire), from Latin bibō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevering",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevered",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bevered",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bever (third-person singular simple present bevers, present participle bevering, simple past and past participle bevered)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To take a light repast between meals."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To take a light repast between meals."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiːvə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbivɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːvə(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "beaver"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Belvoir"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "bevor"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bever.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bever.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "bēʹvər",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English links with redundant target parameters",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bevers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bever (plural bevers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "semiaquatic rodent",
          "word": "beaver"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English obsolete forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Obsolete spelling of beaver (“semiaquatic rodent”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beaver",
          "beaver#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbiːvə(ɹ)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bever"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.