See autonomization in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": ":af",
"3": "autonomize",
"4": "-ation",
"5": ":af",
"6": "autonomous",
"7": "-ization",
"text": "+",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.?\nProto-Indo-European *sóder.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.\nAncient Greek αὖ (aû)\nAncient Greek τόν (tón)?\nAncient Greek αὐτός (autós)\nAncient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)\nProto-Indo-European *nem-der.\nProto-Indo-European *németi\nProto-Hellenic *némō\nAncient Greek νέμω (némō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek νόμος (nómos)\n▲\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek αὐτόνομος (autónomos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ (autonomĭ́ā)bor.\nEnglish autonomy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish autonomous\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish autonomize\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\n▲\nEnglish autonomous\n▲\nEnglish -ize\n▲\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ization\nEnglish autonomization\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"self-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"away from\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ew\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"this\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*só\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"away from\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"away from\", \"pos\" : \"word\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ew\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὖ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"τόν\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτο-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"usage, custom; law, ordinance\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to distribute\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"distribute\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*nem-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*németi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*némō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νέμω\", \"gloss\" : \"to distribute\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νόμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"other o-stems\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grk-pro\", \"2\" : \":inherited\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*-os<id:thematic>\", \"status\" : \"inline\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτόνομος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-i-eh₂\", \"id\" : \"i-extension\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íā\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"self\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \"αὐτός\", \"id\" : \"self-\", \"pos\" : \"prefix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτο-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"auto-\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":af<ref:<span class=\\\"citation-whole\\\"><span class=\\\"cited-source\\\">Beekes, Robert S. P. (<span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">2010<\\/span>), “<span class=\\\"Polyt\\\" lang=\\\"grc\\\">νέμω, -ομαι<\\/span>”, in <cite>[https:\\/\\/archive.org\\/details\\/etymological-dictionary-of-greek_202306 Etymological Dictionary of Greek]<\\/cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">10<\\/span>), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN<\\/small>, pages <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">1006-7<\\/span>:<\\/span> “<span class=\\\"h-quotation\\\"><span class=\\\"None e-quotation cited-passage\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">DER > B > νόμος<\\/span><\\/span>”<\\/span>>\", \"3\" : \"νέμω<t:to distribute><id:to distribute>\", \"4\" : \"-ος<id:o-grade>\", \"id\" : \"usage\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νόμος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"grk-pro:*-íā<ety:inh<ine-pro:*-éh₂<alt:*-i-eh₂><id:i-extension>>>\", \"id\" : \"abstract noun\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-nomia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-nomie\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":af\", \"3\" : \"grc:νόμος\", \"4\" : \"grc:-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"id\" : \"study\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-nomia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-nomy\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"By surface analysis,\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\", \"is_invisible\" : \"tree\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomy\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ŏ̄dsos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₃édos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"smell\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃ed-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōssus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōsus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-iser\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ātiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-acioun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"en\", \"2\" : \":af\", \"3\" : \"autonomy\", \"4\" : \"-ous\", \"text\" : \"+\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomous\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"en\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"enm:-isen<ety:bor<frm:-iser<ety:der<la-lat:-izō>>>>\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"en\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"enm:-acioun\", \"text\" : \"++\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ization\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomization\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"autonomization\">\nFrom autonomize + -ation, or from autonomous + -ization.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.?\nProto-Indo-European *sóder.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.\nAncient Greek αὖ (aû)\nAncient Greek τόν (tón)?\nAncient Greek αὐτός (autós)\nAncient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)\nProto-Indo-European *nem-der.\nProto-Indo-European *németi\nProto-Hellenic *némō\nAncient Greek νέμω (némō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek νόμος (nómos)\n▲\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek αὐτόνομος (autónomos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ (autonomĭ́ā)bor.\nEnglish autonomy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish autonomous\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish autonomize\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\n▲\nEnglish autonomous\n▲\nEnglish -ize\n▲\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ization\nEnglish autonomization\nFrom autonomize + -ation, or from autonomous + -ization.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "autonomizations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "autonomization (countable and uncountable, plural autonomizations)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
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"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ization",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "of large administrative divisions",
"translation": "of large administrative divisions",
"word": "devolution"
},
{
"word": "regionalism"
},
{
"word": "provincialism"
},
{
"word": "localization"
},
{
"word": "localism"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
392,
406
]
],
"ref": "2018, Janet Roitman, “Chapter 6: Unstable terms of regulation”, in Fiscal Disobedience: An Anthropology of Economic Regulation in Central Africa, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 135:",
"text": "[Footnote] ²⁰The term \"Kirdi\" is used by the Fulbe and many Muslims to signify non-Fulbe, non-Muslims. Although supposedly introduced by the French via Baguirmi, \"Kirdi,\" in practice, has come to be the equivalent of kado (pl. haabe), the Fulfulde term for an \"unbeliever.\" The term carries heavy pejorative tones but has been recently recuperated by the non-Muslim movement in its quest for autonomization and political recognition. Its contemporary significance is remarked upon in Schilders 1994.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making something, someone, or a system autonomous."
],
"id": "en-autonomization-en-noun-lnuPmw8y",
"links": [
[
"autonomous",
"autonomous"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "autonomous community"
},
{
"word": "autonomous oblast"
},
{
"word": "autonomous okrug"
},
{
"word": "autonomous prefecture"
},
{
"word": "autonomous region"
},
{
"word": "Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "autonomizacja"
}
]
}
],
"word": "autonomization"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "autonomize",
"4": "-ation",
"5": ":af",
"6": "autonomous",
"7": "-ization",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.?\nProto-Indo-European *sóder.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.\nAncient Greek αὖ (aû)\nAncient Greek τόν (tón)?\nAncient Greek αὐτός (autós)\nAncient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)\nProto-Indo-European *nem-der.\nProto-Indo-European *németi\nProto-Hellenic *némō\nAncient Greek νέμω (némō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek νόμος (nómos)\n▲\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek αὐτόνομος (autónomos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ (autonomĭ́ā)bor.\nEnglish autonomy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish autonomous\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish autonomize\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\n▲\nEnglish autonomous\n▲\nEnglish -ize\n▲\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ization\nEnglish autonomization\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"self-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"away from\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ew\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"this\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*só\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"away from\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"away from\", \"pos\" : \"word\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ew\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὖ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"τόν\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτο-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"usage, custom; law, ordinance\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to distribute\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"distribute\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*nem-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*németi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*némō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νέμω\", \"gloss\" : \"to distribute\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νόμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"other o-stems\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grk-pro\", \"2\" : \":inherited\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*-os<id:thematic>\", \"status\" : \"inline\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτόνομος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-i-eh₂\", \"id\" : \"i-extension\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íā\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"self\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \"αὐτός\", \"id\" : \"self-\", \"pos\" : \"prefix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτο-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"auto-\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":af<ref:<span class=\\\"citation-whole\\\"><span class=\\\"cited-source\\\">Beekes, Robert S. P. (<span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">2010<\\/span>), “<span class=\\\"Polyt\\\" lang=\\\"grc\\\">νέμω, -ομαι<\\/span>”, in <cite>[https:\\/\\/archive.org\\/details\\/etymological-dictionary-of-greek_202306 Etymological Dictionary of Greek]<\\/cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">10<\\/span>), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN<\\/small>, pages <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">1006-7<\\/span>:<\\/span> “<span class=\\\"h-quotation\\\"><span class=\\\"None e-quotation cited-passage\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">DER > B > νόμος<\\/span><\\/span>”<\\/span>>\", \"3\" : \"νέμω<t:to distribute><id:to distribute>\", \"4\" : \"-ος<id:o-grade>\", \"id\" : \"usage\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νόμος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"grk-pro:*-íā<ety:inh<ine-pro:*-éh₂<alt:*-i-eh₂><id:i-extension>>>\", \"id\" : \"abstract noun\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-nomia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-nomie\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":af\", \"3\" : \"grc:νόμος\", \"4\" : \"grc:-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"id\" : \"study\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-nomia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-nomy\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"By surface analysis,\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\", \"is_invisible\" : \"tree\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomy\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ŏ̄dsos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₃édos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"smell\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃ed-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōssus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōsus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-iser\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ātiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-acioun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"en\", \"2\" : \":af\", \"3\" : \"autonomy\", \"4\" : \"-ous\", \"text\" : \"+\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomous\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"en\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"enm:-isen<ety:bor<frm:-iser<ety:der<la-lat:-izō>>>>\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"en\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"enm:-acioun\", \"text\" : \"++\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ization\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomization\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"autonomization\">\nFrom autonomize + -ation, or from autonomous + -ization.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.?\nProto-Indo-European *sóder.?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.\nAncient Greek αὖ (aû)\nAncient Greek τόν (tón)?\nAncient Greek αὐτός (autós)\nAncient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)\nProto-Indo-European *nem-der.\nProto-Indo-European *németi\nProto-Hellenic *némō\nAncient Greek νέμω (némō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek νόμος (nómos)\n▲\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek αὐτόνομος (autónomos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ (autonomĭ́ā)bor.\nEnglish autonomy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish autonomous\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish autonomize\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\n▲\nEnglish autonomous\n▲\nEnglish -ize\n▲\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ization\nEnglish autonomization\nFrom autonomize + -ation, or from autonomous + -ization.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "autonomizations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "autonomization (countable and uncountable, plural autonomizations)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "autonomous community"
},
{
"word": "autonomous oblast"
},
{
"word": "autonomous okrug"
},
{
"word": "autonomous prefecture"
},
{
"word": "autonomous region"
},
{
"word": "Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ed- (smell)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *nem- (distribute)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂ew",
"English terms suffixed with -ation",
"English terms suffixed with -ization",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "of large administrative divisions",
"translation": "of large administrative divisions",
"word": "devolution"
},
{
"word": "regionalism"
},
{
"word": "provincialism"
},
{
"word": "localization"
},
{
"word": "localism"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
392,
406
]
],
"ref": "2018, Janet Roitman, “Chapter 6: Unstable terms of regulation”, in Fiscal Disobedience: An Anthropology of Economic Regulation in Central Africa, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 135:",
"text": "[Footnote] ²⁰The term \"Kirdi\" is used by the Fulbe and many Muslims to signify non-Fulbe, non-Muslims. Although supposedly introduced by the French via Baguirmi, \"Kirdi,\" in practice, has come to be the equivalent of kado (pl. haabe), the Fulfulde term for an \"unbeliever.\" The term carries heavy pejorative tones but has been recently recuperated by the non-Muslim movement in its quest for autonomization and political recognition. Its contemporary significance is remarked upon in Schilders 1994.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of making something, someone, or a system autonomous."
],
"links": [
[
"autonomous",
"autonomous"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "autonomizacja"
}
],
"word": "autonomization"
}
Download raw JSONL data for autonomization meaning in English (21.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.