See arrowroot in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for arrowroot meaning in English (19.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "African arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "American arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "Bermuda arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Manihot esculenta",
"word": "Brazilian arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "Canna arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "East Indian arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Tacca leontopetaloides",
"word": "Fiji arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Zamia integrifolia",
"word": "Florida arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Calathea allouia",
"word": "Guinea arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "Indian arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "Jamaica arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pueraria montana var. lobata",
"word": "Japanese arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "Maranta arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "Natal arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Tacca leontopetaloides",
"word": "Polynesian arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "purple arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "syn. Canna edulis",
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "Queensland arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "St. Vincent arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "true arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Canna spp.",
"word": "tulema arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "West Indian arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "white arrowroot"
}
],
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"args": {
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"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Tacca leontopetaloides",
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{
"args": {
"1": "In the Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha, in Toowong, Queensland, Australia.",
"group": "n",
"name": "n1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "refn"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "arw",
"3": "aru-aru",
"lit": "meal of meals"
},
"expansion": "Lokono aru-aru (literally “meal of meals”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "arrow",
"3": "root"
},
"expansion": "arrow + root",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Lokono aru-aru (literally “meal of meals”), influenced by arrow + root because the plant’s “roots” (more accurately rhizomes) are used on wounds from poison darts to absorb the poison.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arrowroots",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "arrowroot (countable and uncountable, plural arrowroots)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ar‧row‧root"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 41 23",
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{
"_dis": "35 38 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with consonant pseudo-digraphs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 32 24",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Root vegetables",
"orig": "en:Root vegetables",
"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "48 29 23",
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{
"_dis": "52 31 17",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1845, Edwin Lankester, “Lecture II. Starch—Potato—Arrow-root—Tapioca—Protein—Wheat—Maize—Rice.”, in Report of Lectures on the Natural History of Plants Yielding Food; […], London: John Churchill, […], →OCLC, page 16",
"text": "The East India arrowroot was considered the best; and the French West India arrowroot not so good. The East India arrowroot had the finest grains; the second finest were those from the potato; and third the tous les mois or French West India arrowroot; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Serena A. A. Nasongo, Charlotte de Fraiture, J. B. Okeyo-Owuor, “Trade-offs between Crop Production and Other Benefits Derived from Wetland Areas: Short-term Gain versus Long-term Livelihood Options in Ombeyi Watershed, Kenya”, in John Abbink, editor, The Environmental Crunch in Africa: Growth Narratives vs. Local Realities, Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, page 68",
"text": "Arrowroots were introduced into the area in early 1983 by an elderly citizen known as Mr. Awondo, who brought it from Central Kenya where it is planted in the moist river beds. […] Arrowroots thrive where there is enough moisture in the soil for its normal growth and development.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long."
],
"id": "en-arrowroot-en-noun-RRbjUhHp",
"links": [
[
"Maranta arundinacea",
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[
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"Marantaceae#Translingual"
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[
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[
"perennial",
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[
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "uraro"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "竹芋"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pijlwortel"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "arrowjuuri"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "nuolijuuri"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pfeilwurz"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "marantía",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μαραντία"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "aroró"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "garut"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "ararut"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ararút"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maranta arundinacea"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "藕"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maranta trzcinowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "araruta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maranta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maránta",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мара́нта"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maranta"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sagú"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guapo"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "planta obediente"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "arrowrot"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "aruro"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "ararot"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "mì tinh"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "dong củ"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "rorudaplan"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 16 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saethwraidd"
}
]
},
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"_dis": "35 38 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with consonant pseudo-digraphs",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1982, Lois Lucas, “Arrowroot: Pia”, in Plants of Old Hawaii, Honolulu, Hi.: Bess Press, page 4",
"text": "Arrowroot (pia) is a member of the Tacca family. […] The ancient Hawaiians used the arrowroot (pia) as a food and as a medicine.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017, A. T. Sadashiva, M. V. Bharathkumar, “Japanese Arrowroot”, in M. K. Rana, editor, Vegetable Crop Science, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press",
"text": "The root tubers of Japanese arrowroot can be used either in fresh dried form after cooking in a manner similar to other root crops. The fresh roots are used for the extraction of starch (kudzu powder). […] Japanese arrowroot plant foliage is also a palatable fodder for farm cattle in the form of hay, pasture or silage, especially in the off season.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually preceded by an attributive word: some other plant whose rhizomes are used to prepare a substance similar to arrowroot (sense 3), such as Zamia integrifolia (Florida arrowroot) or Pueraria montana var. lobata (Japanese arrowroot or kudzu)."
],
"id": "en-arrowroot-en-noun-n3kTGStK",
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"rhizome",
"rhizome"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"Florida arrowroot",
"Florida arrowroot"
],
[
"Japanese arrowroot",
"Japanese arrowroot"
],
[
"kudzu",
"kudzu"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) Usually preceded by an attributive word: some other plant whose rhizomes are used to prepare a substance similar to arrowroot (sense 3), such as Zamia integrifolia (Florida arrowroot) or Pueraria montana var. lobata (Japanese arrowroot or kudzu)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"_dis": "35 41 23",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1840 February 1, “Medico-botanical Society. Arrow-root, Genuine and Impure.—Test for Ascertaining Its Quality.—Skin Diseases.”, in Thomas Wakley, editor, The Lancet, volume I, number 857, London: Printed for the editor, by George Churchill, […], →OCLC, page 704",
"text": "Dr. Ifill could state, with certainty, that all the arrow-root imported into this country from Barbadoes, was made from the maranta; […] The difference in the quality of the arrow-roots imported into this country, depended on the care which had been employed in the preparation. The greater number of times the fecula was washed, the purer it would be.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1843, Robley Dunglison, “Demulcents”, in General Therapeutics and Materia Medica, Adapted for a Medical Text Book. … In Two Volumes, volume II, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lea and Blanchard, →OCLC, section VIII (Agents whose Action is Prominently Mechanical), pages 396–398",
"text": "[page 396] Arrowroot is the fecula of Maran′ta arundina′cea or West Indian arrowroot; Sex. Syst. Monandria Monogynia; Nat. Ord. Marantaceæ; a plant, which is a native of South America and the West Indies, where it is largely cultivated in gardens and provision grounds. The tubers or roots are beaten into a pulp, stirred with cold water, removing the fibres with the hand; the milky juice is passed through a fine sieve, and the starch is allowed to subside in the strained fluid. The fecula is then washed, and dried without heat. This is the Arrowroot. […] [pages 397–398] As an aliment, arrowroot is considered to be less nutritive than wheaten starch, but more palatable and digestible. […] Boiled in water or milk, it is a very common, and favourite aliment in febrile and inflammatory affections, in chronic diseases, and in convalescence from the acute.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1845, Andrew Ure, “ARROW ROOT”, in Recent Improvements in Arts, Manufactures, and Mines: […], London: Printed for Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, […], →OCLC, page 10",
"text": "The presence of potato starch in arrow root may be discovered by the microscope. Arrow root consists of regular ovoid particles of nearly equal size, whereas potato starch consists of particles of an irregular ovoid or truncated form, exceedingly irregular in their dimensions, some being so large as ¹⁄₃₀₀ of an inch, and others only ¹⁄₂₀₀₀.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1873 September, P. L. Simmonds, “The Edible Starches of Commerce, Their Production and Consumption”, in Charles F[rederick] Chandler, W[illiam] H[enry] Chandler, editors, The American Chemist: A Monthly Journal of Theoretical, Analytical, and Technical Chemistry, volume IV, number 3, Philadelphia, Pa.: Henry C[harles] Lea, →OCLC, page 98, column 2",
"text": "Arrowroot is made from Zamia angustifolia in the Bahamas, etc. Under the local name of Coonti an arrowroot is prepared in Florida from the fecula of Zamia integrifolia. […] Arrowroot prepared in Queensland from Encephalartus (Zamia) spiralis was shown in 1872 at the London Exhibition.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1982, Lois Lucas, “Arrowroot: Pia”, in Plants of Old Hawaii, Honolulu, Hi.: Bess Press, page 4",
"text": "For food, they [ancient Hawaiians] mixed the arrowroot with coconut cream or milk (wai o ka nui), or wrapped it in tī (kī) leaves. Also they steamed the arrowroot in an imu to make the dessert haupia.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Rachel Laudan, “The Coconut and the Arrowroot”, in The Food of Paradise: Exploring Hawaii’s Culinary Heritage (Kolowalu Book), Honolulu, Hi.: University of Hawaiʻi Press, part 4 (In the Beginning), pages 229–230",
"text": "The Hawaiian dessert most commonly encountered by visitors is haupia. At every commercial luau, a thick and stodgy pudding of cornstarch and coconut milk is cut into squares and served on pieces of green ti leaf. This version is a long way from the original. […] [T]he coconut milk should be thickened with pia, the Polynesian arrowroot. […] The most highly regarded \"arrowroot\" is West Indian (Maranta arundinacea); […] Haupia made with this West Indian arrowroot was indeed creamier, almost gelatinous, nothing like so solid and pasty, and with a clearer flavor than haupia made with cornstarch. It is worth seeking out arrowroot, with the caveat that you may not be getting what you expect.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A starchy substance obtained from the rhizomes of an arrowroot plant used as a thickener."
],
"id": "en-arrowroot-en-noun-aw9wUuar",
"links": [
[
"starchy",
"starchy"
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"thickener",
"thickener"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) A starchy substance obtained from the rhizomes of an arrowroot plant used as a thickener."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "arrowjuuri"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pfeilwurzelmehl"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Arrowroot"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "marantámylon",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μαραντάμυλον"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ararút"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "amido di maranta arundinacea"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "sagu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "ararūtu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mąka ararutowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "araruta"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almidón de maranta"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almidón de sagú"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almidón de guapo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almidón de planta obediente"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sagú"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "arrowrot"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 26 73",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "rorud"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈæɹə(ʊ)ɹuːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛɹoʊˌɹut/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæɹoʊˌɹut/",
"tags": [
"Northeastern",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-arrowroot.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/En-au-arrowroot.ogg/En-au-arrowroot.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/En-au-arrowroot.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arrow-root"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha",
"arrowroot"
],
"word": "arrowroot"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Lokono",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with consonant pseudo-digraphs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"en:Root vegetables",
"en:Vegetables",
"en:Zingiberales order plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "African arrowroot"
},
{
"word": "American arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "Bermuda arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Manihot esculenta",
"word": "Brazilian arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "Canna arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "East Indian arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Tacca leontopetaloides",
"word": "Fiji arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Zamia integrifolia",
"word": "Florida arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Calathea allouia",
"word": "Guinea arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "Indian arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "Jamaica arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pueraria montana var. lobata",
"word": "Japanese arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "Maranta arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "Natal arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Tacca leontopetaloides",
"word": "Polynesian arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "purple arrowroot"
},
{
"alt": "syn. Canna edulis",
"taxonomic": "Canna indica",
"word": "Queensland arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "St. Vincent arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "true arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Canna spp.",
"word": "tulema arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "West Indian arrowroot"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "white arrowroot"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Tacca leontopetaloides",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Tacca leontopetaloides",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "In the Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha, in Toowong, Queensland, Australia.",
"group": "n",
"name": "n1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "refn"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "arw",
"3": "aru-aru",
"lit": "meal of meals"
},
"expansion": "Lokono aru-aru (literally “meal of meals”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "arrow",
"3": "root"
},
"expansion": "arrow + root",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Lokono aru-aru (literally “meal of meals”), influenced by arrow + root because the plant’s “roots” (more accurately rhizomes) are used on wounds from poison darts to absorb the poison.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arrowroots",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "arrowroot (countable and uncountable, plural arrowroots)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ar‧row‧root"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1845, Edwin Lankester, “Lecture II. Starch—Potato—Arrow-root—Tapioca—Protein—Wheat—Maize—Rice.”, in Report of Lectures on the Natural History of Plants Yielding Food; […], London: John Churchill, […], →OCLC, page 16",
"text": "The East India arrowroot was considered the best; and the French West India arrowroot not so good. The East India arrowroot had the finest grains; the second finest were those from the potato; and third the tous les mois or French West India arrowroot; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Serena A. A. Nasongo, Charlotte de Fraiture, J. B. Okeyo-Owuor, “Trade-offs between Crop Production and Other Benefits Derived from Wetland Areas: Short-term Gain versus Long-term Livelihood Options in Ombeyi Watershed, Kenya”, in John Abbink, editor, The Environmental Crunch in Africa: Growth Narratives vs. Local Realities, Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, page 68",
"text": "Arrowroots were introduced into the area in early 1983 by an elderly citizen known as Mr. Awondo, who brought it from Central Kenya where it is planted in the moist river beds. […] Arrowroots thrive where there is enough moisture in the soil for its normal growth and development.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long."
],
"links": [
[
"Maranta arundinacea",
"Maranta arundinacea#Translingual"
],
[
"Marantaceae",
"Marantaceae#Translingual"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"perennial",
"perennial#Adjective"
],
[
"herb",
"herb"
],
[
"Caribbean",
"Caribbean"
],
[
"green",
"green"
],
[
"leaves",
"leaf#Noun"
],
[
"centimeter",
"centimeter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) Maranta arundinacea from the Marantaceae family, a large perennial herb native to the Caribbean area with green leaves about 15 centimeters long."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1982, Lois Lucas, “Arrowroot: Pia”, in Plants of Old Hawaii, Honolulu, Hi.: Bess Press, page 4",
"text": "Arrowroot (pia) is a member of the Tacca family. […] The ancient Hawaiians used the arrowroot (pia) as a food and as a medicine.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017, A. T. Sadashiva, M. V. Bharathkumar, “Japanese Arrowroot”, in M. K. Rana, editor, Vegetable Crop Science, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press",
"text": "The root tubers of Japanese arrowroot can be used either in fresh dried form after cooking in a manner similar to other root crops. The fresh roots are used for the extraction of starch (kudzu powder). […] Japanese arrowroot plant foliage is also a palatable fodder for farm cattle in the form of hay, pasture or silage, especially in the off season.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually preceded by an attributive word: some other plant whose rhizomes are used to prepare a substance similar to arrowroot (sense 3), such as Zamia integrifolia (Florida arrowroot) or Pueraria montana var. lobata (Japanese arrowroot or kudzu)."
],
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"rhizome",
"rhizome"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
],
[
"Florida arrowroot",
"Florida arrowroot"
],
[
"Japanese arrowroot",
"Japanese arrowroot"
],
[
"kudzu",
"kudzu"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable) Usually preceded by an attributive word: some other plant whose rhizomes are used to prepare a substance similar to arrowroot (sense 3), such as Zamia integrifolia (Florida arrowroot) or Pueraria montana var. lobata (Japanese arrowroot or kudzu)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1840 February 1, “Medico-botanical Society. Arrow-root, Genuine and Impure.—Test for Ascertaining Its Quality.—Skin Diseases.”, in Thomas Wakley, editor, The Lancet, volume I, number 857, London: Printed for the editor, by George Churchill, […], →OCLC, page 704",
"text": "Dr. Ifill could state, with certainty, that all the arrow-root imported into this country from Barbadoes, was made from the maranta; […] The difference in the quality of the arrow-roots imported into this country, depended on the care which had been employed in the preparation. The greater number of times the fecula was washed, the purer it would be.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1843, Robley Dunglison, “Demulcents”, in General Therapeutics and Materia Medica, Adapted for a Medical Text Book. … In Two Volumes, volume II, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lea and Blanchard, →OCLC, section VIII (Agents whose Action is Prominently Mechanical), pages 396–398",
"text": "[page 396] Arrowroot is the fecula of Maran′ta arundina′cea or West Indian arrowroot; Sex. Syst. Monandria Monogynia; Nat. Ord. Marantaceæ; a plant, which is a native of South America and the West Indies, where it is largely cultivated in gardens and provision grounds. The tubers or roots are beaten into a pulp, stirred with cold water, removing the fibres with the hand; the milky juice is passed through a fine sieve, and the starch is allowed to subside in the strained fluid. The fecula is then washed, and dried without heat. This is the Arrowroot. […] [pages 397–398] As an aliment, arrowroot is considered to be less nutritive than wheaten starch, but more palatable and digestible. […] Boiled in water or milk, it is a very common, and favourite aliment in febrile and inflammatory affections, in chronic diseases, and in convalescence from the acute.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1845, Andrew Ure, “ARROW ROOT”, in Recent Improvements in Arts, Manufactures, and Mines: […], London: Printed for Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, […], →OCLC, page 10",
"text": "The presence of potato starch in arrow root may be discovered by the microscope. Arrow root consists of regular ovoid particles of nearly equal size, whereas potato starch consists of particles of an irregular ovoid or truncated form, exceedingly irregular in their dimensions, some being so large as ¹⁄₃₀₀ of an inch, and others only ¹⁄₂₀₀₀.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1873 September, P. L. Simmonds, “The Edible Starches of Commerce, Their Production and Consumption”, in Charles F[rederick] Chandler, W[illiam] H[enry] Chandler, editors, The American Chemist: A Monthly Journal of Theoretical, Analytical, and Technical Chemistry, volume IV, number 3, Philadelphia, Pa.: Henry C[harles] Lea, →OCLC, page 98, column 2",
"text": "Arrowroot is made from Zamia angustifolia in the Bahamas, etc. Under the local name of Coonti an arrowroot is prepared in Florida from the fecula of Zamia integrifolia. […] Arrowroot prepared in Queensland from Encephalartus (Zamia) spiralis was shown in 1872 at the London Exhibition.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1982, Lois Lucas, “Arrowroot: Pia”, in Plants of Old Hawaii, Honolulu, Hi.: Bess Press, page 4",
"text": "For food, they [ancient Hawaiians] mixed the arrowroot with coconut cream or milk (wai o ka nui), or wrapped it in tī (kī) leaves. Also they steamed the arrowroot in an imu to make the dessert haupia.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Rachel Laudan, “The Coconut and the Arrowroot”, in The Food of Paradise: Exploring Hawaii’s Culinary Heritage (Kolowalu Book), Honolulu, Hi.: University of Hawaiʻi Press, part 4 (In the Beginning), pages 229–230",
"text": "The Hawaiian dessert most commonly encountered by visitors is haupia. At every commercial luau, a thick and stodgy pudding of cornstarch and coconut milk is cut into squares and served on pieces of green ti leaf. This version is a long way from the original. […] [T]he coconut milk should be thickened with pia, the Polynesian arrowroot. […] The most highly regarded \"arrowroot\" is West Indian (Maranta arundinacea); […] Haupia made with this West Indian arrowroot was indeed creamier, almost gelatinous, nothing like so solid and pasty, and with a clearer flavor than haupia made with cornstarch. It is worth seeking out arrowroot, with the caveat that you may not be getting what you expect.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A starchy substance obtained from the rhizomes of an arrowroot plant used as a thickener."
],
"links": [
[
"starchy",
"starchy"
],
[
"thickener",
"thickener"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) A starchy substance obtained from the rhizomes of an arrowroot plant used as a thickener."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈæɹə(ʊ)ɹuːt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛɹoʊˌɹut/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæɹoʊˌɹut/",
"tags": [
"Northeastern",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-arrowroot.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/En-au-arrowroot.ogg/En-au-arrowroot.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/En-au-arrowroot.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "arrow-root"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "uraro"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "竹芋"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pijlwortel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "arrowjuuri"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "nuolijuuri"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pfeilwurz"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "marantía",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μαραντία"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "aroró"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "garut"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "ararut"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ararút"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maranta arundinacea"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "藕"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maranta trzcinowa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "araruta"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maranta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "maránta",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мара́нта"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maranta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sagú"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guapo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "planta obediente"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "arrowrot"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "aruro"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "ararot"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "mì tinh"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "dong củ"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"taxonomic": "Maranta arundinacea",
"word": "rorudaplan"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "Maranta arundinacea",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saethwraidd"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "arrowjuuri"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pfeilwurzelmehl"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Arrowroot"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "marantámylon",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μαραντάμυλον"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ararút"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "amido di maranta arundinacea"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "sagu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "ararūtu"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mąka ararutowa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "araruta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almidón de maranta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almidón de sagú"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almidón de guapo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almidón de planta obediente"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sagú"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "arrowrot"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "starchy substance",
"word": "rorud"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha",
"arrowroot"
],
"word": "arrowroot"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.