See anuran in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"etymology_text": "From New Latin Anoura, Anura (“name of the order of amphibians”), or from French Anoures (“name of a family of amphibians”) (from Latin an-, from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-, not”) + Ancient Greek οὐρά (ourá, “tail”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érsos (“backside, buttocks”)) + -n, from Latin -ānus (“of or pertaining to”, adjective-forming suffix), from -nus, from Proto-Indo-European *-nós (adjective-forming suffix).",
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"_dis": "26 74",
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{
"ref": "1871, William Kitchen Parker, “VIII. On the Structure and Development of the Skull of the Common Frog (Rana temporaria, L.). By William Kitchen Parker, F.R.S. Received October 10, 1870,—Read January 19, 1871.”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, volume 161, part I, London: Printed by Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, →OCLC, page 202:",
"text": "The fact that the higher Batrachia go on metamorphosing until several of their structures are so perfect as to require but the gentlest modification to make them fit for the Mammal, does not require one to suppose that the Toad and the Frog lie in the direct route from the Ichthyic to the Mammalian types. That such power of variation, such aptitude for transformation exists in these essential but metamorphic Fish, suggests the probability that some of the very earliest of the Amphibia, filial perhaps to forms far lower than the Lamprey, did not stop at the last metamorphic stage of an Anuran, but changed still further, and thus laid the foundation of the higher classes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, George R. Zug, Laurie J. Vitt, Janalee P. Caldwell, “Thermoregulation, Performance, and Energetics”, in Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles, 2nd edition, San Diego, Calif., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 191, column 1:",
"text": "Inactivity may dominate an anuran’s life. Spea hammondii in the deserts of southwestern North America spend >90% of their life inactive; they appear explosively and breed with the first heavy summer rains, then feed for 2–3 weeks before becoming inactive for another year.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Kevin M. Wright, “Overview of Amphibian Medicine”, in Douglas R. Mader, editor, Reptile Medicine and Surgery, 2nd edition, St. Louis, Mo.: Saunders Elsevier, →ISBN, page 947:",
"text": "Often the anuran gives a release call, a signal to other anurans that it is either not sexually receptive or is of the wrong sex to be amplexed. The release call may sound similar to a distress call, a vocalization emitted by an anuran in response to predation, but either call may serve to startle a clinician momentarily, by which time the anuran may escape.",
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}
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"Any amphibian of the order Anura; a frog, a toad."
],
"id": "en-anuran-en-noun-qz3Uc9pm",
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[
"amphibian",
"amphibian"
],
[
"order",
"order#Noun"
],
[
"Anura",
"Anura"
],
[
"frog",
"frog"
],
[
"toad",
"toad"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(batrachology) Any amphibian of the order Anura; a frog, a toad."
],
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{
"word": "anourous"
},
{
"word": "anurous"
},
{
"word": "anurophagous"
},
{
"word": "Anura"
},
{
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}
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"code": "ca",
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"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "háma",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"word": "蛤蟆"
},
{
"code": "nl",
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"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kikvorsachtige"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anuro"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Froschlurch"
},
{
"code": "pt",
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"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anuro"
},
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]
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"etymology_text": "From New Latin Anoura, Anura (“name of the order of amphibians”), or from French Anoures (“name of a family of amphibians”) (from Latin an-, from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-, not”) + Ancient Greek οὐρά (ourá, “tail”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érsos (“backside, buttocks”)) + -n, from Latin -ānus (“of or pertaining to”, adjective-forming suffix), from -nus, from Proto-Indo-European *-nós (adjective-forming suffix).",
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{
"ref": "1934, Julian S[orell] Huxley, G[avin] R[ylands] de Beer, “Organisers: Inducers of Differentiation”, in The Elements of Experimental Embryology, Cambridge: At the University Press, →OCLC, page 142:",
"text": "As a further illustration, we may take the results of experiments in which a Urodele organiser (from Triton alpestris) is grafted into an Anuran embryo (Bufo vulgaris).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1971, J. R. Tata, “Protein Synthesis during Amphibian Metamorphosis”, in A[ron] A[rthur] Moscona, Alberto Monroy, editors, Current Topics in Developmental Biology, volume 6, New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 79:",
"text": "It is well known that an anuran tadpole or an insect larva will never turn into its adult form if the respective endogenous metamorphic hormones, thyroxine and ecdysone, were withdrawn or prevented from reaching the target tissues.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Eric H[arris] Davidson, “An Analysis of Niu Mengchang’s Research on Transformation by RNA”, in Dean H. Hamer, Shain-dow Kung, editors, Biotechnology in China, Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, →ISBN, page 94:",
"text": "[I]njection of urodele DNA into an anuran (frog) egg produces an extra \"balancer\" (i.e., protrusion on the chin of the embryo which may or may not be a real balancer), but so does injection of the DNA of this anuran into its own egg.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to the order Anura."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "salientian"
}
],
"id": "en-anuran-en-adj-6qNLdL2g",
"links": [
[
"Anura",
"Anura"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(batrachology) Of or relating to the order Anura."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "froggish"
},
{
"word": "froggy"
},
{
"word": "froglike"
},
{
"word": "frogly"
},
{
"word": "ranarian"
},
{
"word": "ranine"
},
{
"word": "toadish"
},
{
"word": "toadlike"
},
{
"word": "toadly"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "batrachian"
}
],
"tags": [
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{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or relating to the order Anura",
"word": "anuro"
},
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"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or relating to the order Anura",
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"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
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"Terms with Catalan translations",
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"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1871, William Kitchen Parker, “VIII. On the Structure and Development of the Skull of the Common Frog (Rana temporaria, L.). By William Kitchen Parker, F.R.S. Received October 10, 1870,—Read January 19, 1871.”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, volume 161, part I, London: Printed by Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, →OCLC, page 202:",
"text": "The fact that the higher Batrachia go on metamorphosing until several of their structures are so perfect as to require but the gentlest modification to make them fit for the Mammal, does not require one to suppose that the Toad and the Frog lie in the direct route from the Ichthyic to the Mammalian types. That such power of variation, such aptitude for transformation exists in these essential but metamorphic Fish, suggests the probability that some of the very earliest of the Amphibia, filial perhaps to forms far lower than the Lamprey, did not stop at the last metamorphic stage of an Anuran, but changed still further, and thus laid the foundation of the higher classes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, George R. Zug, Laurie J. Vitt, Janalee P. Caldwell, “Thermoregulation, Performance, and Energetics”, in Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles, 2nd edition, San Diego, Calif., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 191, column 1:",
"text": "Inactivity may dominate an anuran’s life. Spea hammondii in the deserts of southwestern North America spend >90% of their life inactive; they appear explosively and breed with the first heavy summer rains, then feed for 2–3 weeks before becoming inactive for another year.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Kevin M. Wright, “Overview of Amphibian Medicine”, in Douglas R. Mader, editor, Reptile Medicine and Surgery, 2nd edition, St. Louis, Mo.: Saunders Elsevier, →ISBN, page 947:",
"text": "Often the anuran gives a release call, a signal to other anurans that it is either not sexually receptive or is of the wrong sex to be amplexed. The release call may sound similar to a distress call, a vocalization emitted by an anuran in response to predation, but either call may serve to startle a clinician momentarily, by which time the anuran may escape.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any amphibian of the order Anura; a frog, a toad."
],
"links": [
[
"amphibian",
"amphibian"
],
[
"order",
"order#Noun"
],
[
"Anura",
"Anura"
],
[
"frog",
"frog"
],
[
"toad",
"toad"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(batrachology) Any amphibian of the order Anura; a frog, a toad."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈnjʊəɹ(ə)n/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-anuran.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-anuran.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-anuran.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-anuran.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-anuran.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈn(j)ʊɹən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/æ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anur"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "háma",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"word": "蛤蟆"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kikvorsachtige"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anoure"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anuro"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Froschlurch"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anuro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amphibian of the order Anura",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anuro"
}
],
"word": "anuran"
}
{
"categories": [
"Anurans",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms suffixed with -n",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Amphibians"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "Anoura"
},
"expansion": "New Latin Anoura",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "Anoures",
"4": "",
"5": "name of a family of amphibians"
},
"expansion": "French Anoures (“name of a family of amphibians”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Latin an-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἀν-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-",
"t": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "οὐρά",
"4": "",
"5": "tail"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek οὐρά (ourá, “tail”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃érsos",
"4": "",
"5": "backside, buttocks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃érsos (“backside, buttocks”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "n"
},
"expansion": "+ -n",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ānus",
"pos": "adjective-forming suffix",
"t": "of or pertaining to"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ānus (“of or pertaining to”, adjective-forming suffix)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-nós",
"pos": "adjective-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-nós (adjective-forming suffix)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From New Latin Anoura, Anura (“name of the order of amphibians”), or from French Anoures (“name of a family of amphibians”) (from Latin an-, from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-, not”) + Ancient Greek οὐρά (ourá, “tail”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érsos (“backside, buttocks”)) + -n, from Latin -ānus (“of or pertaining to”, adjective-forming suffix), from -nus, from Proto-Indo-European *-nós (adjective-forming suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "anuran (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "salientian"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"an‧ur‧an"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "froggish"
},
{
"word": "froggy"
},
{
"word": "froglike"
},
{
"word": "frogly"
},
{
"word": "ranarian"
},
{
"word": "ranine"
},
{
"word": "toadish"
},
{
"word": "toadlike"
},
{
"word": "toadly"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1934, Julian S[orell] Huxley, G[avin] R[ylands] de Beer, “Organisers: Inducers of Differentiation”, in The Elements of Experimental Embryology, Cambridge: At the University Press, →OCLC, page 142:",
"text": "As a further illustration, we may take the results of experiments in which a Urodele organiser (from Triton alpestris) is grafted into an Anuran embryo (Bufo vulgaris).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1971, J. R. Tata, “Protein Synthesis during Amphibian Metamorphosis”, in A[ron] A[rthur] Moscona, Alberto Monroy, editors, Current Topics in Developmental Biology, volume 6, New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, page 79:",
"text": "It is well known that an anuran tadpole or an insect larva will never turn into its adult form if the respective endogenous metamorphic hormones, thyroxine and ecdysone, were withdrawn or prevented from reaching the target tissues.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Eric H[arris] Davidson, “An Analysis of Niu Mengchang’s Research on Transformation by RNA”, in Dean H. Hamer, Shain-dow Kung, editors, Biotechnology in China, Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, →ISBN, page 94:",
"text": "[I]njection of urodele DNA into an anuran (frog) egg produces an extra \"balancer\" (i.e., protrusion on the chin of the embryo which may or may not be a real balancer), but so does injection of the DNA of this anuran into its own egg.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to the order Anura."
],
"links": [
[
"Anura",
"Anura"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(batrachology) Of or relating to the order Anura."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈnjʊəɹ(ə)n/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-anuran.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-anuran.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-anuran.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-anuran.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-anuran.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈn(j)ʊɹən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/æ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "batrachian"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or relating to the order Anura",
"word": "anuro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or relating to the order Anura",
"word": "anuro"
}
],
"word": "anuran"
}
Download raw JSONL data for anuran meaning in English (12.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: batrachology",
"path": [
"anuran"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "anuran",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: batrachology",
"path": [
"anuran"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "anuran",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: batrachology",
"path": [
"anuran"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "anuran",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: batrachology",
"path": [
"anuran"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "anuran",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.