See animal spirits in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for animal spirits meaning in English (5.5kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spirite animal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spirite animal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "animal<pos:adjective>",
"3": "spirits"
},
"expansion": "animal (adjective) + spirits",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spirite animal; equivalent to animal (adjective) + spirits.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"head": "animal spirits"
},
"expansion": "animal spirits pl (plural only)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 43 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1723, Charles Walker, Memoirs of Sally Salisbury, section VI",
"text": "His Brains will be found situated at the Head of the Os Pubis: His Animal Spirits acting more vigorously in that Part, than in the Upper Region.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1759, Lawrence Sterne, The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, Folio Society, published 2005, page 19",
"text": "you have all, I dare say, heard of the animal spirits, as how they are transfused from father to son &c. &c.—and a great deal to that purpose:– Well, you may take my word, that nine parts in ten of a man's sense of his nonsense, his successes and miscarriages in this world depend upon their motions and activity [...].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The theorized ‘spirits’ or physiological principles which allowed for sensation and voluntary movement."
],
"id": "en-animal_spirits-en-noun-52HdUvw6",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, now historical) The theorized ‘spirits’ or physiological principles which allowed for sensation and voluntary movement."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"plural",
"plural-only"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 43 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Plain Label, published 1975, page 63",
"text": "She had high animal spirits, and a sort of natural self-consequence, which the attention of the officers, to whom her uncle's good dinners, and her own easy manners recommended her, had increased into assurance.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1936, John Maynard Keynes, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, page 161",
"text": "Most, probably, of our decisions to do something positive, the full consequences of which will be drawn out over many days to come, can only be taken as a result of animal spirits — of a spontaneous urge to action rather than inaction, and not as the outcome of a weighted average of quantitative benefits multiplied by quantitative probabilities.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Liveliness, vivacity, a happy tendency to action."
],
"id": "en-animal_spirits-en-noun-sr-mNUR1",
"links": [
[
"Liveliness",
"liveliness"
],
[
"vivacity",
"vivacity"
]
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Economics",
"orig": "en:Economics",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 43 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 37 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
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"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1975, Hyman P. Minsky, John Maynard Keynes, page 11",
"text": "This flaw exists because the financial system necessary for capitalist vitality and vigor — which translates entrepreneurial animal spirits into effective demand for investment — contains the potential for runaway expansion, powered by an investment boom.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Roger S. Frantz, Two minds: intuition and analysis in the history of economic thought, page 91",
"text": "The existence of animal spirits does not imply that \"irrational psychology\" is the controlling factor in business and economics.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Robert J. Shiller, Irrational Exuberance, page 233",
"text": "One of John Maynard Keynes's most famous terms, \"animal spirits,\" is another name for much the same concept as irrational exuberance",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"After Keynes (citation 1936, above), the emotional and intuitive factors that drive business decisions whether to make investment gambles."
],
"id": "en-animal_spirits-en-noun-vSpyvMWY",
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(economics) After Keynes (citation 1936, above), the emotional and intuitive factors that drive business decisions whether to make investment gambles."
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-only"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"science",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Animal spirits (Keynes)"
],
"word": "animal spirits"
}
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English pluralia tantum",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spirite animal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spirite animal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "animal<pos:adjective>",
"3": "spirits"
},
"expansion": "animal (adjective) + spirits",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spirite animal; equivalent to animal (adjective) + spirits.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"head": "animal spirits"
},
"expansion": "animal spirits pl (plural only)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1723, Charles Walker, Memoirs of Sally Salisbury, section VI",
"text": "His Brains will be found situated at the Head of the Os Pubis: His Animal Spirits acting more vigorously in that Part, than in the Upper Region.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1759, Lawrence Sterne, The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, Folio Society, published 2005, page 19",
"text": "you have all, I dare say, heard of the animal spirits, as how they are transfused from father to son &c. &c.—and a great deal to that purpose:– Well, you may take my word, that nine parts in ten of a man's sense of his nonsense, his successes and miscarriages in this world depend upon their motions and activity [...].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The theorized ‘spirits’ or physiological principles which allowed for sensation and voluntary movement."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine, now historical) The theorized ‘spirits’ or physiological principles which allowed for sensation and voluntary movement."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"plural",
"plural-only"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Plain Label, published 1975, page 63",
"text": "She had high animal spirits, and a sort of natural self-consequence, which the attention of the officers, to whom her uncle's good dinners, and her own easy manners recommended her, had increased into assurance.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1936, John Maynard Keynes, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, page 161",
"text": "Most, probably, of our decisions to do something positive, the full consequences of which will be drawn out over many days to come, can only be taken as a result of animal spirits — of a spontaneous urge to action rather than inaction, and not as the outcome of a weighted average of quantitative benefits multiplied by quantitative probabilities.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Liveliness, vivacity, a happy tendency to action."
],
"links": [
[
"Liveliness",
"liveliness"
],
[
"vivacity",
"vivacity"
]
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Economics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1975, Hyman P. Minsky, John Maynard Keynes, page 11",
"text": "This flaw exists because the financial system necessary for capitalist vitality and vigor — which translates entrepreneurial animal spirits into effective demand for investment — contains the potential for runaway expansion, powered by an investment boom.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Roger S. Frantz, Two minds: intuition and analysis in the history of economic thought, page 91",
"text": "The existence of animal spirits does not imply that \"irrational psychology\" is the controlling factor in business and economics.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Robert J. Shiller, Irrational Exuberance, page 233",
"text": "One of John Maynard Keynes's most famous terms, \"animal spirits,\" is another name for much the same concept as irrational exuberance",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"After Keynes (citation 1936, above), the emotional and intuitive factors that drive business decisions whether to make investment gambles."
],
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(economics) After Keynes (citation 1936, above), the emotional and intuitive factors that drive business decisions whether to make investment gambles."
],
"tags": [
"plural",
"plural-only"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"science",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Animal spirits (Keynes)"
],
"word": "animal spirits"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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