"affirmation" meaning in English

See affirmation in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /æfɝˈmeɪʃn/ Audio: en-us-affirmation.ogg [US] Forms: affirmations [plural]
Rhymes: -eɪʃən Etymology: From Old French afermacion, from Latin affirmare (“to assert”). Doublet of affirmatio. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*dʰer-}}, {{der|en|fro|afermacion}} Old French afermacion, {{der|en|la|affirmare||to assert}} Latin affirmare (“to assert”), {{doublet|en|affirmatio}} Doublet of affirmatio Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} affirmation (countable and uncountable, plural affirmations)
  1. That which is affirmed; a declaration that something is true. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Quakerism Translations (that which is affirmed): تَأْكِيد (taʔkīd) [masculine] (Arabic), تَوْكِيد (tawkīd) [masculine] (Arabic), твърдение (tvǎrdenie) (Bulgarian), уверение (uverenie) (Bulgarian), afirmació [feminine] (Catalan), jeso (Esperanto), vahvistus (Finnish), affirmation [feminine] (French), afirmación [feminine] (Galician), Bestätigung (German), Zustimmung (German), חיווי (khivúy) [masculine] (Hebrew), הצהרה (hatshará) [feminine] (Hebrew), חיוב (khiyúv) [masculine] (Hebrew), affermazione [feminine] (Italian), 인정 (injeong) (Korean), 확인 (hwagin) (Korean), потврда (potvrda) [feminine] (Macedonian), whakakoiatanga [masculine, plural] (Maori), afirmaçon [feminine] (Mirandese), afirmacja [feminine] (Polish), afirmação [feminine] (Portuguese), afirmație [feminine] (Romanian), afirmación [feminine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-affirmation-en-noun-8IznuADa Disambiguation of Quakerism: 25 41 34 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 46 38 16 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 35 36 29 Disambiguation of 'that which is affirmed': 90 8 2
  2. (law) A solemn pledge (to tell the truth, to bear allegiance, etc.), legally equivalent to an oath, taken by people who are forbidden to take a religious oath (such as Quakers) or otherwise prefer not to do so. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Law, Quakerism Synonyms: solemn affirmation
    Sense id: en-affirmation-en-noun-9pnEE5lx Disambiguation of Quakerism: 25 41 34 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 46 38 16 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 35 36 29 Topics: law
  3. A form of self-forced meditation or repetition; autosuggestion. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Quakerism Translations (autosuggestion): إِيحَاء ذَاتِيّ (ʔīḥāʔ ḏātiyy) [masculine] (Arabic), autosuggestió [feminine] (Catalan), itsesuggestio (Finnish), Autosuggestion (German), Selbsteinrede (German), afirmacja [feminine] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-affirmation-en-noun-CbMaQ4HL Disambiguation of Quakerism: 25 41 34 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 46 38 16 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 35 36 29 Disambiguation of 'autosuggestion': 7 4 89
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: assertion Derived forms: affirmational, counteraffirmation, disaffirmation, microaffirmation, nonaffirmation, reaffirmation, self-affirmation

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for affirmation meaning in English (8.8kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "affirmational"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "counteraffirmation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "disaffirmation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "microaffirmation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "nonaffirmation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "reaffirmation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "self-affirmation"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰer-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afermacion"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French afermacion",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "affirmare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to assert"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin affirmare (“to assert”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "affirmatio"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of affirmatio",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French afermacion, from Latin affirmare (“to assert”). Doublet of affirmatio.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "affirmations",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
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      "expansion": "affirmation (countable and uncountable, plural affirmations)",
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  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 38 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "That which is affirmed; a declaration that something is true."
      ],
      "id": "en-affirmation-en-noun-8IznuADa",
      "links": [
        [
          "affirmed",
          "affirmed"
        ],
        [
          "declaration",
          "declaration"
        ],
        [
          "true",
          "true"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "taʔkīd",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "تَأْكِيد"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "tawkīd",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "تَوْكِيد"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "tvǎrdenie",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "word": "твърдение"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "uverenie",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "word": "уверение"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afirmació"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "word": "jeso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "word": "vahvistus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "affirmation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afirmación"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "word": "Bestätigung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "word": "Zustimmung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "khivúy",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "חיווי"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "hatshará",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "הצהרה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "khiyúv",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "חיוב"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "affermazione"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "injeong",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "word": "인정"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "hwagin",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "word": "확인"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "potvrda",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "потврда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "whakakoiatanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "mwl",
          "lang": "Mirandese",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afirmaçon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afirmacja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afirmação"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afirmație"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "90 8 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "that which is affirmed",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afirmación"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
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          "_dis": "46 38 16",
          "kind": "other",
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          "_dis": "35 36 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
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            "Entry maintenance"
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        },
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          "_dis": "25 41 34",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Quakerism",
          "orig": "en:Quakerism",
          "parents": [
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            "Christianity",
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A solemn pledge (to tell the truth, to bear allegiance, etc.), legally equivalent to an oath, taken by people who are forbidden to take a religious oath (such as Quakers) or otherwise prefer not to do so."
      ],
      "id": "en-affirmation-en-noun-9pnEE5lx",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "truth",
          "truth"
        ],
        [
          "allegiance",
          "allegiance"
        ],
        [
          "oath",
          "oath"
        ],
        [
          "Quaker",
          "Quaker"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) A solemn pledge (to tell the truth, to bear allegiance, etc.), legally equivalent to an oath, taken by people who are forbidden to take a religious oath (such as Quakers) or otherwise prefer not to do so."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "solemn affirmation"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 38 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
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            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "_dis": "25 41 34",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Quakerism",
          "orig": "en:Quakerism",
          "parents": [
            "Protestantism",
            "Christianity",
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A form of self-forced meditation or repetition; autosuggestion."
      ],
      "id": "en-affirmation-en-noun-CbMaQ4HL",
      "links": [
        [
          "autosuggestion",
          "autosuggestion"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 89",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔīḥāʔ ḏātiyy",
          "sense": "autosuggestion",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "إِيحَاء ذَاتِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 89",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "autosuggestion",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "autosuggestió"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 89",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "autosuggestion",
          "word": "itsesuggestio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 89",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "autosuggestion",
          "word": "Autosuggestion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 89",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "autosuggestion",
          "word": "Selbsteinrede"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 4 89",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "autosuggestion",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "afirmacja"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/æfɝˈmeɪʃn/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-affirmation.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-affirmation.ogg/En-us-affirmation.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-affirmation.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "assertion"
    }
  ],
  "word": "affirmation"
}
{
  "categories": [
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    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰer-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪʃən",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪʃən/4 syllables",
    "en:Quakerism"
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  "derived": [
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      "word": "affirmational"
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    {
      "word": "counteraffirmation"
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    {
      "word": "disaffirmation"
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    {
      "word": "microaffirmation"
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    {
      "word": "nonaffirmation"
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    {
      "word": "reaffirmation"
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    {
      "word": "self-affirmation"
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      "args": {
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        "3": "affirmare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to assert"
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      "expansion": "Latin affirmare (“to assert”)",
      "name": "der"
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      "expansion": "Doublet of affirmatio",
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  "etymology_text": "From Old French afermacion, from Latin affirmare (“to assert”). Doublet of affirmatio.",
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    }
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "That which is affirmed; a declaration that something is true."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "affirmed",
          "affirmed"
        ],
        [
          "declaration",
          "declaration"
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      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
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    },
    {
      "categories": [
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      "glosses": [
        "A solemn pledge (to tell the truth, to bear allegiance, etc.), legally equivalent to an oath, taken by people who are forbidden to take a religious oath (such as Quakers) or otherwise prefer not to do so."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "truth",
          "truth"
        ],
        [
          "allegiance",
          "allegiance"
        ],
        [
          "oath",
          "oath"
        ],
        [
          "Quaker",
          "Quaker"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) A solemn pledge (to tell the truth, to bear allegiance, etc.), legally equivalent to an oath, taken by people who are forbidden to take a religious oath (such as Quakers) or otherwise prefer not to do so."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "solemn affirmation"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A form of self-forced meditation or repetition; autosuggestion."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "autosuggestion",
          "autosuggestion"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/æfɝˈmeɪʃn/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-affirmation.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/En-us-affirmation.ogg/En-us-affirmation.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-affirmation.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "assertion"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "taʔkīd",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "تَأْكِيد"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "tawkīd",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "تَوْكِيد"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tvǎrdenie",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "word": "твърдение"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "uverenie",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "word": "уверение"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afirmació"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "word": "jeso"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "word": "vahvistus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "affirmation"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afirmación"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "word": "Bestätigung"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "word": "Zustimmung"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "khivúy",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "חיווי"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "hatshará",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "הצהרה"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "khiyúv",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "חיוב"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "affermazione"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "injeong",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "word": "인정"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "hwagin",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "word": "확인"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "potvrda",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "потврда"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "whakakoiatanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "mwl",
      "lang": "Mirandese",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afirmaçon"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afirmacja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afirmação"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afirmație"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "that which is affirmed",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afirmación"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔīḥāʔ ḏātiyy",
      "sense": "autosuggestion",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "إِيحَاء ذَاتِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "autosuggestion",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "autosuggestió"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "autosuggestion",
      "word": "itsesuggestio"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "autosuggestion",
      "word": "Autosuggestion"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "autosuggestion",
      "word": "Selbsteinrede"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "autosuggestion",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "afirmacja"
    }
  ],
  "word": "affirmation"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.