"addled" meaning in English

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "addledd"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English addledd",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "addle",
        "3": "-ed",
        "t1": "urine, liquid filth"
      },
      "expansion": "addle (“urine, liquid filth”) + -ed",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "adel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English adel",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-osw",
        "2": "adel",
        "3": "",
        "4": "urine"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish adel (“urine”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "adel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German adel",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "aal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "manure"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch aal (“manure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ovum urinum",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Latin ovum urinum",
      "name": "cal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "οὔριον ᾠόν",
        "4": "",
        "5": "putrid egg",
        "lit": "wind egg",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Ancient Greek οὔριον ᾠόν (oúrion ōión, “putrid egg”, literally “wind egg”)",
      "name": "cal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English addledd, adyld, equivalent to addle (“urine, liquid filth”) + -ed. Addle derives from Old English adel, adela (“mud, mire, liquid manure”), cognate with Old Swedish adel (“urine”), Middle Low German adel, Dutch aal (“manure”). Used in noun phrase addle egg (mid-13c.) “egg that does not hatch, rotten egg”, lit. “urine egg”, a calque of Latin ovum urinum, which is itself an erroneous calque of Ancient Greek οὔριον ᾠόν (oúrion ōión, “putrid egg”, literally “wind egg”), from οὔριος (oúrios, “of the wind”), from οὖρος (oûros, “fair wind”) (confused by Roman writers with οὔριος (oúrios, “of urine”), from οὖρον (oûron, “urine”)). Because of this usage, the noun in English was taken as an adjective from c. 1600, meaning “putrid”.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "addled",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "addle"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past and past participle of addle"
      ],
      "id": "en-addled-en-verb-Z27Whptb",
      "links": [
        [
          "addle",
          "addle#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæ.dəld/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-addled.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-addled.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "addled"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "drug-addled"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "unaddled"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "addledd"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English addledd",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "addle",
        "3": "-ed",
        "t1": "urine, liquid filth"
      },
      "expansion": "addle (“urine, liquid filth”) + -ed",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "adel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English adel",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-osw",
        "2": "adel",
        "3": "",
        "4": "urine"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish adel (“urine”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "adel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German adel",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "aal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "manure"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch aal (“manure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ovum urinum",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Latin ovum urinum",
      "name": "cal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "οὔριον ᾠόν",
        "4": "",
        "5": "putrid egg",
        "lit": "wind egg",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Ancient Greek οὔριον ᾠόν (oúrion ōión, “putrid egg”, literally “wind egg”)",
      "name": "cal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English addledd, adyld, equivalent to addle (“urine, liquid filth”) + -ed. Addle derives from Old English adel, adela (“mud, mire, liquid manure”), cognate with Old Swedish adel (“urine”), Middle Low German adel, Dutch aal (“manure”). Used in noun phrase addle egg (mid-13c.) “egg that does not hatch, rotten egg”, lit. “urine egg”, a calque of Latin ovum urinum, which is itself an erroneous calque of Ancient Greek οὔριον ᾠόν (oúrion ōión, “putrid egg”, literally “wind egg”), from οὔριος (oúrios, “of the wind”), from οὖρος (oûros, “fair wind”) (confused by Roman writers with οὔριος (oúrios, “of urine”), from οὖρον (oûron, “urine”)). Because of this usage, the noun in English was taken as an adjective from c. 1600, meaning “putrid”.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more addled",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most addled",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "addled (comparative more addled, superlative most addled)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              78,
              84
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1854, Charles Dickens, “Very ridiculous”, in Hard Times. For These Times, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], →OCLC, 3rd book (Garnering), page 275:",
          "text": "He was touched in the cavity where his heart should have been—in that nest of addled eggs, where the birds of heaven would have lived if they had not been whistled away—by the fervour of this reproach.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              51,
              57
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1861, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter XI, in Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:",
          "text": "I haven’t a bit o’ patience with you—sitting on an addled egg for ever, as if there was never a fresh un in the world.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              137,
              143
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1892, Rudyard Kipling, “The Conundrum of the Workshops”, in Barrack-Room Ballads and Other Verses, 3rd edition, London: Methuen & Co. […], →OCLC, page 168:",
          "text": "We have learned to whittle the Eden Tree to the shape of a surplice-peg, / We have learned to bottle our parents twain in the yelk of an addled egg,",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Bad, rotten; inviable, containing a dead embryo."
      ],
      "id": "en-addled-en-adj-2YJjSX0t",
      "links": [
        [
          "Bad",
          "bad"
        ],
        [
          "rotten",
          "rotten"
        ],
        [
          "inviable",
          "inviable"
        ],
        [
          "dead",
          "dead"
        ],
        [
          "embryo",
          "embryo"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of eggs) Bad, rotten; inviable, containing a dead embryo."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of eggs"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "75 8 17",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "lang_code": "nl",
          "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
          "word": "rot"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 8 17",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "lang_code": "el",
          "roman": "kloúvios",
          "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
          "word": "κλούβιος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 8 17",
          "code": "lv",
          "english": "an egg with a half-developed dead embryo",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "lang_code": "lv",
          "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "translation": "an egg with a half-developed dead embryo",
          "word": "vanckars"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 8 17",
          "code": "lv",
          "english": "rotten",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "lang_code": "lv",
          "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "translation": "rotten",
          "word": "sapuvusi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 8 17",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "protúxšij",
          "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
          "word": "проту́хший"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with collocations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 72 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 56 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ed",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 68 4 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 84 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 77 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 64 9 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 59 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 60 11 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 63 9 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "tags": [
            "collocation"
          ],
          "text": "coke-addled",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "tags": [
            "collocation"
          ],
          "text": "crack-addled",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              46,
              52
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter XXXVII, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC, page 381:",
          "text": "But she counted and counted till she got that addled she’d start to count in the basket for a spoon sometimes; […].",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2011, Philip A. G. Kelly, My Odyssey, page 90:",
          "text": "[…] my addled brain required as much sleep as an infant.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              118,
              124
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2024 December 16, Dave Philipps, Mark Abramson, “Seeking Relief From Brain Injury, Some Veterans Turn to Psychedelics”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
          "text": "A long combat career exposed to weapons blasts had left him struggling with depression and anger, a frayed memory and addled concentration.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              179,
              185
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2025 May 21, Ezra Klein, quoting Jake Tapper, “How Groupthink Protected Biden and Re-elected Trump”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
          "text": "They told me it was because they knew the Hur report was about to drop. And they knew it would have all this stuff about classified information and about him seeming superold and addled behind the scenes.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              183,
              189
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2025 June 7, Paul Rosenzweig, “The Biden Investigation Is a Path to Even Greater Lawlessness”, in The Atlantic:",
          "text": "President Donald Trump’s presidential memorandum ordering an investigation of Joe Biden’s cognitive decline and his use of the autopen […] is also nonsensical fan service, amplifying addled MAGA conspiracy theories that contend, with a straight face, that Biden was really a robotic clone.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Confused; mixed up."
      ],
      "id": "en-addled-en-adj-WNxEUtob",
      "links": [
        [
          "Confused",
          "confused"
        ],
        [
          "mixed up",
          "mix up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, of persons or their thoughts) Confused; mixed up."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of persons or their thoughts"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "addleheaded"
        },
        {
          "word": "addlebrained"
        },
        {
          "word": "addlepated"
        },
        {
          "word": "muddled"
        },
        {
          "word": "muddied"
        },
        {
          "word": "muddle-headed"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Morbid, corrupt, putrid, or barren."
      ],
      "id": "en-addled-en-adj-SuYcQd7D",
      "links": [
        [
          "Morbid",
          "morbid"
        ],
        [
          "corrupt",
          "corrupt"
        ],
        [
          "putrid",
          "putrid"
        ],
        [
          "barren",
          "barren"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Morbid, corrupt, putrid, or barren."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæ.dəld/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-addled.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-addled.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "addle"
    }
  ],
  "word": "addled"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English terms calqued from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms calqued from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ed",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "addledd"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English addledd",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "addle",
        "3": "-ed",
        "t1": "urine, liquid filth"
      },
      "expansion": "addle (“urine, liquid filth”) + -ed",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "adel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English adel",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-osw",
        "2": "adel",
        "3": "",
        "4": "urine"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish adel (“urine”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "adel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German adel",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "aal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "manure"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch aal (“manure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ovum urinum",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Latin ovum urinum",
      "name": "cal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "οὔριον ᾠόν",
        "4": "",
        "5": "putrid egg",
        "lit": "wind egg",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Ancient Greek οὔριον ᾠόν (oúrion ōión, “putrid egg”, literally “wind egg”)",
      "name": "cal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English addledd, adyld, equivalent to addle (“urine, liquid filth”) + -ed. Addle derives from Old English adel, adela (“mud, mire, liquid manure”), cognate with Old Swedish adel (“urine”), Middle Low German adel, Dutch aal (“manure”). Used in noun phrase addle egg (mid-13c.) “egg that does not hatch, rotten egg”, lit. “urine egg”, a calque of Latin ovum urinum, which is itself an erroneous calque of Ancient Greek οὔριον ᾠόν (oúrion ōión, “putrid egg”, literally “wind egg”), from οὔριος (oúrios, “of the wind”), from οὖρος (oûros, “fair wind”) (confused by Roman writers with οὔριος (oúrios, “of urine”), from οὖρον (oûron, “urine”)). Because of this usage, the noun in English was taken as an adjective from c. 1600, meaning “putrid”.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "addled",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "addle"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past and past participle of addle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "addle",
          "addle#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæ.dəld/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-addled.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-addled.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "addled"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English terms calqued from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms calqued from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ed",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "drug-addled"
    },
    {
      "word": "unaddled"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "addledd"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English addledd",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "addle",
        "3": "-ed",
        "t1": "urine, liquid filth"
      },
      "expansion": "addle (“urine, liquid filth”) + -ed",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "adel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English adel",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-osw",
        "2": "adel",
        "3": "",
        "4": "urine"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish adel (“urine”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "adel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German adel",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "aal",
        "3": "",
        "4": "manure"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch aal (“manure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ovum urinum",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Latin ovum urinum",
      "name": "cal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "οὔριον ᾠόν",
        "4": "",
        "5": "putrid egg",
        "lit": "wind egg",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Ancient Greek οὔριον ᾠόν (oúrion ōión, “putrid egg”, literally “wind egg”)",
      "name": "cal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English addledd, adyld, equivalent to addle (“urine, liquid filth”) + -ed. Addle derives from Old English adel, adela (“mud, mire, liquid manure”), cognate with Old Swedish adel (“urine”), Middle Low German adel, Dutch aal (“manure”). Used in noun phrase addle egg (mid-13c.) “egg that does not hatch, rotten egg”, lit. “urine egg”, a calque of Latin ovum urinum, which is itself an erroneous calque of Ancient Greek οὔριον ᾠόν (oúrion ōión, “putrid egg”, literally “wind egg”), from οὔριος (oúrios, “of the wind”), from οὖρος (oûros, “fair wind”) (confused by Roman writers with οὔριος (oúrios, “of urine”), from οὖρον (oûron, “urine”)). Because of this usage, the noun in English was taken as an adjective from c. 1600, meaning “putrid”.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more addled",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most addled",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "addled (comparative more addled, superlative most addled)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              78,
              84
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1854, Charles Dickens, “Very ridiculous”, in Hard Times. For These Times, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], →OCLC, 3rd book (Garnering), page 275:",
          "text": "He was touched in the cavity where his heart should have been—in that nest of addled eggs, where the birds of heaven would have lived if they had not been whistled away—by the fervour of this reproach.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              51,
              57
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1861, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter XI, in Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:",
          "text": "I haven’t a bit o’ patience with you—sitting on an addled egg for ever, as if there was never a fresh un in the world.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              137,
              143
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1892, Rudyard Kipling, “The Conundrum of the Workshops”, in Barrack-Room Ballads and Other Verses, 3rd edition, London: Methuen & Co. […], →OCLC, page 168:",
          "text": "We have learned to whittle the Eden Tree to the shape of a surplice-peg, / We have learned to bottle our parents twain in the yelk of an addled egg,",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Bad, rotten; inviable, containing a dead embryo."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Bad",
          "bad"
        ],
        [
          "rotten",
          "rotten"
        ],
        [
          "inviable",
          "inviable"
        ],
        [
          "dead",
          "dead"
        ],
        [
          "embryo",
          "embryo"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of eggs) Bad, rotten; inviable, containing a dead embryo."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of eggs"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with collocations",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "tags": [
            "collocation"
          ],
          "text": "coke-addled",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "tags": [
            "collocation"
          ],
          "text": "crack-addled",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              46,
              52
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter XXXVII, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC, page 381:",
          "text": "But she counted and counted till she got that addled she’d start to count in the basket for a spoon sometimes; […].",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2011, Philip A. G. Kelly, My Odyssey, page 90:",
          "text": "[…] my addled brain required as much sleep as an infant.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              118,
              124
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2024 December 16, Dave Philipps, Mark Abramson, “Seeking Relief From Brain Injury, Some Veterans Turn to Psychedelics”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
          "text": "A long combat career exposed to weapons blasts had left him struggling with depression and anger, a frayed memory and addled concentration.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              179,
              185
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2025 May 21, Ezra Klein, quoting Jake Tapper, “How Groupthink Protected Biden and Re-elected Trump”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
          "text": "They told me it was because they knew the Hur report was about to drop. And they knew it would have all this stuff about classified information and about him seeming superold and addled behind the scenes.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              183,
              189
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2025 June 7, Paul Rosenzweig, “The Biden Investigation Is a Path to Even Greater Lawlessness”, in The Atlantic:",
          "text": "President Donald Trump’s presidential memorandum ordering an investigation of Joe Biden’s cognitive decline and his use of the autopen […] is also nonsensical fan service, amplifying addled MAGA conspiracy theories that contend, with a straight face, that Biden was really a robotic clone.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Confused; mixed up."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Confused",
          "confused"
        ],
        [
          "mixed up",
          "mix up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, of persons or their thoughts) Confused; mixed up."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of persons or their thoughts"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "addleheaded"
        },
        {
          "word": "addlebrained"
        },
        {
          "word": "addlepated"
        },
        {
          "word": "muddled"
        },
        {
          "word": "muddied"
        },
        {
          "word": "muddle-headed"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Morbid, corrupt, putrid, or barren."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Morbid",
          "morbid"
        ],
        [
          "corrupt",
          "corrupt"
        ],
        [
          "putrid",
          "putrid"
        ],
        [
          "barren",
          "barren"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Morbid, corrupt, putrid, or barren."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæ.dəld/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-addled.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-addled.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-addled.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-addled.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "addle"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
      "word": "rot"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "roman": "kloúvios",
      "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
      "word": "κλούβιος"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "english": "an egg with a half-developed dead embryo",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "lang_code": "lv",
      "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "translation": "an egg with a half-developed dead embryo",
      "word": "vanckars"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "english": "rotten",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "lang_code": "lv",
      "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "translation": "rotten",
      "word": "sapuvusi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "protúxšij",
      "sense": "rotten (of eggs)",
      "word": "проту́хший"
    }
  ],
  "word": "addled"
}