See Tolkien in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "Tolkin",
"lit": "son of Tolk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German Tolkin (literally “son of Tolk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Tołkiny"
},
"expansion": "Polish Tołkiny",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tolksdorf"
},
"expansion": "German Tolksdorf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "tolk",
"3": "",
"4": "interpreter"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German tolk (“interpreter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tъlkъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tъlkъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "tollkühn",
"3": "",
"4": "foolhardy"
},
"expansion": "German tollkühn (“foolhardy”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely from Middle Low German Tolkin (literally “son of Tolk”), which is probably also related to Polish Tołkiny and German Tolksdorf, names for a Prussian town; the nickname Tolk is connected to Middle Low German tolk (“interpreter”), from Proto-Slavic *tъlkъ. J. R. R. Tolkien subscribed to a folk etymology that connected the name with German tollkühn (“foolhardy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Tolkiens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "Tolkien (plural Tolkiens)",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"id": "en-Tolkien-en-name-EMUC1F3L",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A surname."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Individuals",
"orig": "en:Individuals",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "J. R. R. Tolkien",
"orig": "en:J. R. R. Tolkien",
"parents": [
"Authors",
"British fiction",
"Fantasy",
"Individuals",
"Literature",
"People",
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Human",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"All topics",
"Art",
"Communication",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkiendil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkienesque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkienian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkienish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkienism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkienist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkienite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkienologist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkienology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tolkieny"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surname.",
"British author J. R. R. Tolkien"
],
"id": "en-Tolkien-en-name-60AvZS4I",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A surname.",
"British author J. R. R. Tolkien"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "JRRT"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɒlkiːn/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "Tólkin",
"sense": "surname",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "То́лкин"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "surname",
"word": "托爾金"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Tuō'ěrjīn",
"sense": "surname",
"word": "托尔金"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ṭŏlkīn",
"sense": "surname",
"word": "टॉल्कीन"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "surname",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tolkien"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "surname",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Толкин"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "surname",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tolkin"
}
],
"word": "Tolkien"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"en:Individuals",
"en:J. R. R. Tolkien"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Tolkiendil"
},
{
"word": "Tolkienesque"
},
{
"word": "Tolkienian"
},
{
"word": "Tolkienish"
},
{
"word": "Tolkienism"
},
{
"word": "Tolkienist"
},
{
"word": "Tolkienite"
},
{
"word": "Tolkienologist"
},
{
"word": "Tolkienology"
},
{
"word": "Tolkieny"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "Tolkin",
"lit": "son of Tolk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German Tolkin (literally “son of Tolk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Tołkiny"
},
"expansion": "Polish Tołkiny",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tolksdorf"
},
"expansion": "German Tolksdorf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "tolk",
"3": "",
"4": "interpreter"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German tolk (“interpreter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tъlkъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tъlkъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "tollkühn",
"3": "",
"4": "foolhardy"
},
"expansion": "German tollkühn (“foolhardy”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely from Middle Low German Tolkin (literally “son of Tolk”), which is probably also related to Polish Tołkiny and German Tolksdorf, names for a Prussian town; the nickname Tolk is connected to Middle Low German tolk (“interpreter”), from Proto-Slavic *tъlkъ. J. R. R. Tolkien subscribed to a folk etymology that connected the name with German tollkühn (“foolhardy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Tolkiens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "Tolkien (plural Tolkiens)",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A surname."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname.",
"British author J. R. R. Tolkien"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A surname.",
"British author J. R. R. Tolkien"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "JRRT"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɒlkiːn/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "Tólkin",
"sense": "surname",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "То́лкин"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "surname",
"word": "托爾金"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Tuō'ěrjīn",
"sense": "surname",
"word": "托尔金"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ṭŏlkīn",
"sense": "surname",
"word": "टॉल्कीन"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "surname",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tolkien"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "surname",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Толкин"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "surname",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tolkin"
}
],
"word": "Tolkien"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Tolkien meaning in English (3.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.