See GRU in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "GRUs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "GRU (plural GRUs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gated recurrent unit"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Artificial intelligence",
"orig": "en:Artificial intelligence",
"parents": [
"Computer science",
"Cybernetics",
"Computing",
"Sciences",
"Applied mathematics",
"Systems theory",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Mathematics",
"Systems",
"Fundamental",
"Formal sciences",
"Interdisciplinary fields",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Initialism of gated recurrent unit."
],
"id": "en-GRU-en-noun-Tj2XlTjI",
"links": [
[
"artificial intelligence",
"artificial intelligence"
],
[
"gated recurrent unit",
"gated recurrent unit#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "artificial intelligence",
"raw_glosses": [
"(artificial intelligence) Initialism of gated recurrent unit."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"initialism"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"GRU"
],
"word": "GRU"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "ГРУ"
},
"expansion": "Russian ГРУ (GRU)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russian ГРУ (GRU), through phonetic spelling of Гла́вное Разве́дывательное Управле́ние (Glávnoje Razvédyvatelʹnoje Upravlénije) and acronymizing.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "GRU",
"name": "en-prop"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020, Ben Aaronovitch, False Value, Gollancz, page 115:",
"text": "Apparently nobody ever expects the GRU, Russian Military Intelligence.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 August 26, Shaun Walker, “Socialite who charmed Nato staff in Naples was Russian spy, say investigators”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "A team of investigators claim to have unmasked a deep-cover spy from Russia’s military intelligence agency, the GRU, who spent a decade posing as a Latin American jewellery designer and partied with Nato staff based in Naples.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Main Intelligence Directorate — the Soviet and then the Russian military intelligence agency."
],
"id": "en-GRU-en-name-ACZtjs25",
"links": [
[
"Soviet",
"Soviet"
],
[
"Russian",
"Russian"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "FSB"
},
{
"word": "KGB"
},
{
"word": "NKVD"
},
{
"word": "SVR"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Soviet and Russian GRU",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "GRU"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "GRU",
"sense": "Soviet and Russian GRU",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ГРУ"
}
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"GRU"
],
"word": "GRU"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Russian",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "GRUs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "GRU (plural GRUs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gated recurrent unit"
}
],
"categories": [
"English initialisms",
"en:Artificial intelligence"
],
"glosses": [
"Initialism of gated recurrent unit."
],
"links": [
[
"artificial intelligence",
"artificial intelligence"
],
[
"gated recurrent unit",
"gated recurrent unit#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "artificial intelligence",
"raw_glosses": [
"(artificial intelligence) Initialism of gated recurrent unit."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"initialism"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"GRU"
],
"word": "GRU"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Russian",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "ГРУ"
},
"expansion": "Russian ГРУ (GRU)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Russian ГРУ (GRU), through phonetic spelling of Гла́вное Разве́дывательное Управле́ние (Glávnoje Razvédyvatelʹnoje Upravlénije) and acronymizing.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "GRU",
"name": "en-prop"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "FSB"
},
{
"word": "KGB"
},
{
"word": "NKVD"
},
{
"word": "SVR"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020, Ben Aaronovitch, False Value, Gollancz, page 115:",
"text": "Apparently nobody ever expects the GRU, Russian Military Intelligence.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 August 26, Shaun Walker, “Socialite who charmed Nato staff in Naples was Russian spy, say investigators”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "A team of investigators claim to have unmasked a deep-cover spy from Russia’s military intelligence agency, the GRU, who spent a decade posing as a Latin American jewellery designer and partied with Nato staff based in Naples.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Main Intelligence Directorate — the Soviet and then the Russian military intelligence agency."
],
"links": [
[
"Soviet",
"Soviet"
],
[
"Russian",
"Russian"
]
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Soviet and Russian GRU",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "GRU"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "GRU",
"sense": "Soviet and Russian GRU",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ГРУ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"GRU"
],
"word": "GRU"
}
Download raw JSONL data for GRU meaning in English (3.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.