See Caledonian in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
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{
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"text": "I congratulate the Caledonians on the acquiſition of this new Saint, but wonder if the German crows were ſo civil to refrain from ſo ſavoury a Scotch haggiſs.",
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"tree": "1"
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin Calēdoniabor.\nEnglish Caledonia\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Italic *-nos\nProto-Italic *-ānos\nLatin -ānus\nOld French -ainder.\nMiddle English -an\nEnglish -an\nEnglish Caledonian\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"Calēdonia\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Caledonia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-nos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ānos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ānus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ain\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-an\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-an\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Caledonian\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Caledonian\">\nFrom Caledonia + -an.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin Calēdoniabor.\nEnglish Caledonia\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Italic *-nos\nProto-Italic *-ānos\nLatin -ānus\nOld French -ainder.\nMiddle English -an\nEnglish -an\nEnglish Caledonian\nFrom Caledonia + -an.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more Caledonian",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most Caledonian",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Caledonian (comparative more Caledonian, superlative most Caledonian)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"In or from Caledonia; (jocularly) Scottish."
],
"links": [
[
"Caledonia",
"Caledonia"
],
[
"Scottish",
"Scottish"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In or from New Caledonia."
],
"links": [
[
"New Caledonia",
"New Caledonia"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to a mountain-forming period (orogeny) in Europe."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"orogeny",
"orogeny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) Relating to a mountain-forming period (orogeny) in Europe."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌkæləˈdoʊni.ən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌkæləˈdəʊni.ən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊniən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "in or from Caledonia",
"word": "skotsk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "in or from Caledonia",
"word": "Caledonisch"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "in or from Caledonia",
"word": "Schots"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "in or from Caledonia",
"word": "kaledonialainen"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "kĕleḍoniyan",
"sense": "in or from Caledonia",
"word": "कॅलेडोनियन"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "in or from Caledonia",
"word": "kaledoński"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "in or from Caledonia",
"word": "Cailleannach"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "in or from New Caledonia",
"word": "nykaledonisk"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "mountain-forming period",
"word": "kaledonisk"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "mountain-forming period",
"word": "kaledonsk"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "mountain-forming period",
"word": "kaledonsk"
}
],
"word": "Caledonian"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -an",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/əʊniən",
"Rhymes:English/əʊniən/5 syllables",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"en:Demonyms",
"en:Scotland"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "Caledonia",
"4": "-an",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin Calēdoniabor.\nEnglish Caledonia\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Italic *-nos\nProto-Italic *-ānos\nLatin -ānus\nOld French -ainder.\nMiddle English -an\nEnglish -an\nEnglish Caledonian\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"Calēdonia\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Caledonia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-nos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ānos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ānus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ain\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-an\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-an\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Caledonian\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Caledonian\">\nFrom Caledonia + -an.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin Calēdoniabor.\nEnglish Caledonia\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Italic *-nos\nProto-Italic *-ānos\nLatin -ānus\nOld French -ainder.\nMiddle English -an\nEnglish -an\nEnglish Caledonian\nFrom Caledonia + -an.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Caledonians",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Caledonian (plural Caledonians)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
30
]
],
"ref": "1717 January 16 (Old Style), Lady Mary W. Montague [i.e. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu], “Original Letter of Lady Mary W. Montague, Never before Published. Found Lately amongst the Papers of a Lady Deceased.”, in The Scots Magazine; or General Repository of Literature, History, and Politics, volume LXI (volume VI, New Series), Edinburgh: [Printed by Alex[ander] Chapman and Co.] Sold by James Watson, No. 40. South Bridge, and by the principal booksellers in Town and Country and by T. Kay, Strand, London, published February 1799, →OCLC, pages 101–102:",
"text": "I congratulate the Caledonians on the acquiſition of this new Saint, but wonder if the German crows were ſo civil to refrain from ſo ſavoury a Scotch haggiſs.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
185,
195
]
],
"ref": "2004, Barry Coward, Conspiracies and Conspiracy Theory in Early Modern Europe: From the Waldensians to the French Revolution:",
"text": "In the early 1770s the bogey figure for opposition politicians was arguably not so much North in the Commons as Mansfield behind the curtain, the country's greatest lawyer (and another Caledonian to gratify the Scotophobes) keeping an irresolute Cabinet committed to waging war in America.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
56
]
],
"ref": "2015, Andrew O'Hagan, The Illuminations, →ISBN, page 39:",
"text": "In front a staff sergeant with the new Royal Caledonians was gassing about Scullion and the regiment. 'And this major's a total fucking mentalist,' he said. 'What's mental about him?' asked the lance corporal beside him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A native or inhabitant of Caledonia; a Scot."
],
"links": [
[
"Caledonia",
"Caledonia"
],
[
"Scot",
"Scot"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Celtic tribes"
],
"glosses": [
"Someone from the ancient Celtic tribe (or group of tribes) called Caledonians, in Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌkæləˈdoʊni.ən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌkæləˈdəʊni.ən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊniən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "inhabitant of Caledonia",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skotte"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "inhabitant of Caledonia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Caledoniër"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "inhabitant of Caledonia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Caledonische"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "inhabitant of Caledonia",
"word": "kaledonialainen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "inhabitant of Caledonia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kaledonier"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "kĕleḍoniyan",
"sense": "inhabitant of Caledonia",
"word": "कॅलेडोनियन"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "inhabitant of Caledonia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Cailleannach"
}
],
"word": "Caledonian"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Caledonian meaning in English (12.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.