"-genesis" meaning in English

See -genesis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Forms: -geneses [plural]
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis Proto-Hellenic *génetis Ancient Greek γένεσῐς (génesĭs)der. Latinbor. English -genesis Via Latin, from Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis). The simplex genesis is in use as a common noun (as opposed to Genesis, the name of the biblical book) since the late 16th century, as a suffix since the mid 17th century (attested in epigenesis and palingenesis). Influenced by French -génésie and German -genese and productive in scientific vocabulary from the 19th century on. Etymology templates: {{etymon|en|:bor|la:-<ety:der<grc:γένεσῐς>>|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis Proto-Hellenic *génetis Ancient Greek γένεσῐς (génesĭs)der. Latinbor. English -genesis [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "lang_name" : "Latin", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "origin", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "birth", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "produce", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ǵenh₁-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "action nouns", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-tis", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ǵénh₁tis", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*génetis", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "γένεσῐς", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-genesis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="-genesis">, {{bor|en|la|-}} Latin, {{der|en|grc|γένεσις}} Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis) Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|plural|-geneses}} -genesis (plural -geneses)
  1. origin Tags: morpheme Synonyms: -gony Translations (origin): -генеза (-geneza) [feminine] (Bulgarian), -geneesi (Finnish), -genèse (French), -xénese (Galician), -γένεση (-génesi) [feminine] (Greek), -génese (Portuguese)
    Sense id: en--genesis-en-suffix-GB~dRvxK Categories (other): English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages using catfix, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Portuguese translations Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 100 0 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 100 0 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 100 0 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 100 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 100 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 100 0 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 100 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 100 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 100 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 100 0 Related terms: -gen, gene, -gene, -genic, genito-, geno-, -genous, -geny, gon-, -gonium, -gony Disambiguation of 'origin': 100 0
  2. production Tags: morpheme Translations (production): -генеза (-geneza) [feminine] (Bulgarian), -geneesi (Finnish), -genèse (French), -xénese (Galician), -γένεση (-génesi) [feminine] (Greek)
    Sense id: en--genesis-en-suffix-q44Y706- Disambiguation of 'production': 0 100

Inflected forms

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-lysis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*ǵenh₁-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵenh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_produce"
    ],
    [
      "*-tis",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis#Proto-Indo-European:_action_nouns"
    ],
    [
      "*ǵénh₁tis",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵénh₁tis#Proto-Indo-European:_birth"
    ],
    [
      "*génetis",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/génetis#Proto-Hellenic:_origin"
    ],
    [
      "γένεσῐς",
      "γένεσις#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "γένεσις",
      "γένεσις#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "genesis",
      "genesis#English"
    ],
    [
      "Genesis",
      "Genesis#English"
    ],
    [
      "epigenesis",
      "epigenesis#English"
    ],
    [
      "palingenesis",
      "palingenesis#English"
    ],
    [
      "-génésie",
      "-génésie#French"
    ],
    [
      "-genese",
      "-genese#German"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "la:-<ety:der<grc:γένεσῐς>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis\nProto-Hellenic *génetis\nAncient Greek γένεσῐς (génesĭs)der.\nLatinbor.\nEnglish -genesis\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"origin\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"birth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"produce\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*génetis\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"γένεσῐς\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-genesis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-genesis\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "γένεσις"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis\nProto-Hellenic *génetis\nAncient Greek γένεσῐς (génesĭs)der.\nLatinbor.\nEnglish -genesis\nVia Latin, from Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis). The simplex genesis is in use as a common noun (as opposed to Genesis, the name of the biblical book) since the late 16th century, as a suffix since the mid 17th century (attested in epigenesis and palingenesis). Influenced by French -génésie and German -genese and productive in scientific vocabulary from the 19th century on.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-geneses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "-geneses"
      },
      "expansion": "-genesis (plural -geneses)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
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          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
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          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
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        },
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          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "origin"
      ],
      "id": "en--genesis-en-suffix-GB~dRvxK",
      "links": [
        [
          "origin",
          "origin"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "-gen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "gene"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "-gene"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "-genic"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "genito-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "geno-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "-genous"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "-geny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "gon-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "-gonium"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "word": "-gony"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-gony"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "-geneza",
          "sense": "origin",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-генеза"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "origin",
          "word": "-geneesi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "origin",
          "word": "-genèse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "sense": "origin",
          "word": "-xénese"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "lang_code": "el",
          "roman": "-génesi",
          "sense": "origin",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-γένεση"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "origin",
          "word": "-génese"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "production"
      ],
      "id": "en--genesis-en-suffix-q44Y706-",
      "links": [
        [
          "production",
          "production"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "-geneza",
          "sense": "production",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-генеза"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "production",
          "word": "-geneesi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "production",
          "word": "-genèse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "sense": "production",
          "word": "-xénese"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "lang_code": "el",
          "roman": "-génesi",
          "sense": "production",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-γένεση"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-genesis"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-lysis"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations"
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*ǵenh₁-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵenh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_produce"
    ],
    [
      "*-tis",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis#Proto-Indo-European:_action_nouns"
    ],
    [
      "*ǵénh₁tis",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵénh₁tis#Proto-Indo-European:_birth"
    ],
    [
      "*génetis",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/génetis#Proto-Hellenic:_origin"
    ],
    [
      "γένεσῐς",
      "γένεσις#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "γένεσις",
      "γένεσις#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "genesis",
      "genesis#English"
    ],
    [
      "Genesis",
      "Genesis#English"
    ],
    [
      "epigenesis",
      "epigenesis#English"
    ],
    [
      "palingenesis",
      "palingenesis#English"
    ],
    [
      "-génésie",
      "-génésie#French"
    ],
    [
      "-genese",
      "-genese#German"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "la:-<ety:der<grc:γένεσῐς>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis\nProto-Hellenic *génetis\nAncient Greek γένεσῐς (génesĭs)der.\nLatinbor.\nEnglish -genesis\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"origin\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"birth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"produce\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*génetis\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"γένεσῐς\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-genesis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-genesis\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "γένεσις"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis\nProto-Hellenic *génetis\nAncient Greek γένεσῐς (génesĭs)der.\nLatinbor.\nEnglish -genesis\nVia Latin, from Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis). The simplex genesis is in use as a common noun (as opposed to Genesis, the name of the biblical book) since the late 16th century, as a suffix since the mid 17th century (attested in epigenesis and palingenesis). Influenced by French -génésie and German -genese and productive in scientific vocabulary from the 19th century on.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-geneses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "-geneses"
      },
      "expansion": "-genesis (plural -geneses)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-gen"
    },
    {
      "word": "gene"
    },
    {
      "word": "-gene"
    },
    {
      "word": "-genic"
    },
    {
      "word": "genito-"
    },
    {
      "word": "geno-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-genous"
    },
    {
      "word": "-geny"
    },
    {
      "word": "gon-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-gonium"
    },
    {
      "word": "-gony"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "origin"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "origin",
          "origin"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-gony"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "production"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "production",
          "production"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "-geneza",
      "sense": "origin",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-генеза"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "origin",
      "word": "-geneesi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "origin",
      "word": "-genèse"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "sense": "origin",
      "word": "-xénese"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "roman": "-génesi",
      "sense": "origin",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-γένεση"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "origin",
      "word": "-génese"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "-geneza",
      "sense": "production",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-генеза"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "production",
      "word": "-geneesi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "production",
      "word": "-genèse"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "sense": "production",
      "word": "-xénese"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "roman": "-génesi",
      "sense": "production",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-γένεση"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-genesis"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -genesis meaning in English (6.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.