English Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings
close/English/noun
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- 2: close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "beginning"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "start"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/əʊz", "Rhymes:English/əʊz/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amis translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with North Frisian translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Paicî translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Piedmontese translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "bring to a close"}, {"word": "close of business"}, {"word": "close of play"}, {"word": "close season"}, {"word": "close time"}, {"word": "come to a close"}, {"word": "door close"}, {"word": "draw to a close"}, {"word": "letters close"}, {"word": "sell past the close"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "closen", "4": "", "5": "to close, enclose"}, "expansion": "Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clusen", "t": "to close"}, "expansion": "Middle English clusen (“to close”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "clȳsan", "4": "", "5": "to close, shut"}, "expansion": "Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clos", "pos": "a", "t": "close, shut up, confined, secret"}, "expansion": "Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "clos", "4": "", "5": "close, confined", "pos": "adjective"}, "expansion": "Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausus", "4": "", "5": "shut up", "pos": "past participle"}, "expansion": "Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂w-", "4": "", "5": "key, hook, nail"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key, deadbolt, bar"}, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "schließen", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "sluiten", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "lūcan", "3": "", "4": "to close, lock, enclose"}, "expansion": "Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[64, 69]], "text": "We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[44, 49]], "ref": "1878, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Francis Atterbury”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition:", "text": "His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["An end or conclusion."], "links": [["end", "end"], ["conclusion", "conclusion"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[31, 36]], "ref": "1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:", "text": "The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[67, 72]], "ref": "1983, Charles B. Roth, Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales, page 110:", "text": "Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "links": [["sales pitch", "sales pitch"]], "qualifier": "sales", "raw_glosses": ["(sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "synonyms": [{"word": "closer"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[34, 39]], "ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:", "text": "The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grapple in wrestling."], "links": [["grapple", "grapple"], ["wrestling", "wrestling"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Music"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:", "text": "At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["strain", "strain"], ["cadence", "cadence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Music"], "glosses": ["A double bar marking the end."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["double", "double"], ["bar", "bar"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) A double bar marking the end."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Aviation", "en:Travel"], "glosses": ["The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "links": [["aviation", "aviation"], ["travel", "travel"]], "raw_glosses": ["(aviation, travel) The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "topics": ["aeronautics", "aerospace", "aviation", "business", "engineering", "lifestyle", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "tourism", "transport", "travel"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"rhymes": "-əʊz"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg/En-us-close-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg"}, {"homophone": "cloze"}, {"homophone": "clothes stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "end", "word": "end"}, {"sense": "end", "word": "finale"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kraj", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "край"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zavǎršek", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "завършек"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zakrivane", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закриване"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "päätös"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "loppu"}, {"code": "fi", "english": "successful close", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "maali"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusion"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "achèvement"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fine"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusione"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "kotayî", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "کۆتایی"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clausula"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "mutunga"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "whakaotinga"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusão"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fechamento"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zakrýtije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закры́тие"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaveršénije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "заверше́ние"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "okončánije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "оконча́ние"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusión"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cierre"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "funga"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "slut"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
- 2: close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "beginning"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "start"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/əʊz", "Rhymes:English/əʊz/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amis translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with North Frisian translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Paicî translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Piedmontese translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "bring to a close"}, {"word": "close of business"}, {"word": "close of play"}, {"word": "close season"}, {"word": "close time"}, {"word": "come to a close"}, {"word": "door close"}, {"word": "draw to a close"}, {"word": "letters close"}, {"word": "sell past the close"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "closen", "4": "", "5": "to close, enclose"}, "expansion": "Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clusen", "t": "to close"}, "expansion": "Middle English clusen (“to close”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "clȳsan", "4": "", "5": "to close, shut"}, "expansion": "Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clos", "pos": "a", "t": "close, shut up, confined, secret"}, "expansion": "Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "clos", "4": "", "5": "close, confined", "pos": "adjective"}, "expansion": "Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausus", "4": "", "5": "shut up", "pos": "past participle"}, "expansion": "Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂w-", "4": "", "5": "key, hook, nail"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key, deadbolt, bar"}, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "schließen", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "sluiten", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "lūcan", "3": "", "4": "to close, lock, enclose"}, "expansion": "Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[64, 69]], "text": "We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[44, 49]], "ref": "1878, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Francis Atterbury”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition:", "text": "His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["An end or conclusion."], "links": [["end", "end"], ["conclusion", "conclusion"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[31, 36]], "ref": "1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:", "text": "The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[67, 72]], "ref": "1983, Charles B. Roth, Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales, page 110:", "text": "Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "links": [["sales pitch", "sales pitch"]], "qualifier": "sales", "raw_glosses": ["(sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "synonyms": [{"word": "closer"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[34, 39]], "ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:", "text": "The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grapple in wrestling."], "links": [["grapple", "grapple"], ["wrestling", "wrestling"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Music"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:", "text": "At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["strain", "strain"], ["cadence", "cadence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Music"], "glosses": ["A double bar marking the end."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["double", "double"], ["bar", "bar"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) A double bar marking the end."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Aviation", "en:Travel"], "glosses": ["The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "links": [["aviation", "aviation"], ["travel", "travel"]], "raw_glosses": ["(aviation, travel) The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "topics": ["aeronautics", "aerospace", "aviation", "business", "engineering", "lifestyle", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "tourism", "transport", "travel"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"rhymes": "-əʊz"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg/En-us-close-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg"}, {"homophone": "cloze"}, {"homophone": "clothes stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "end", "word": "end"}, {"sense": "end", "word": "finale"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kraj", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "край"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zavǎršek", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "завършек"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zakrivane", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закриване"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "päätös"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "loppu"}, {"code": "fi", "english": "successful close", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "maali"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusion"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "achèvement"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fine"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusione"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "kotayî", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "کۆتایی"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clausula"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "mutunga"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "whakaotinga"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusão"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fechamento"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zakrýtije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закры́тие"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaveršénije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "заверше́ние"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "okončánije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "оконча́ние"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusión"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cierre"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "funga"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "slut"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
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Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "up a close"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "clós", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Irish: clós", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Irish: clós"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "clos", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Welsh: clos", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Welsh: clos"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "links": [["field", "field"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare, chiefly Yorkshire) An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "tags": ["Yorkshire", "archaic"]}, {"categories": ["British English"], "glosses": ["A street that ends in a dead end."], "links": [["street", "street"], ["dead end", "dead end"]], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly British) A street that ends in a dead end."], "tags": ["British"]}, {"categories": ["Scottish English"], "glosses": ["A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "links": [["alley", "alley"], ["overhung", "overhang"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[58, 63]], "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 279:", "text": "The woman nodded at a nearby flight of steps. 'This is my close. We can talk in here. Come on.'.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The common staircase in a tenement."], "links": [["tenement", "tenement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 6]], "ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter III, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A cathedral close."], "links": [["cathedral close", "cathedral close"]]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["interest", "interest"], ["John Bouvier", "w:John Bouvier"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "topics": ["law"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "street", "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"sense": "narrow alley", "word": "alley"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zadǎnena ulica", "sense": "street", "word": "задънена улица"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "street", "word": "umpikuja"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "street", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "rúa cega"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "street", "word": "Sackgasse"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tupík", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "тупи́к"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "narrow alley between two buildings in Scotland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clobhsa"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
- 1: close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "up a close"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "clós", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Irish: clós", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Irish: clós"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "clos", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Welsh: clos", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Welsh: clos"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "links": [["field", "field"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare, chiefly Yorkshire) An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "tags": ["Yorkshire", "archaic"]}, {"categories": ["British English"], "glosses": ["A street that ends in a dead end."], "links": [["street", "street"], ["dead end", "dead end"]], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly British) A street that ends in a dead end."], "tags": ["British"]}, {"categories": ["Scottish English"], "glosses": ["A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "links": [["alley", "alley"], ["overhung", "overhang"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[58, 63]], "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 279:", "text": "The woman nodded at a nearby flight of steps. 'This is my close. We can talk in here. Come on.'.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The common staircase in a tenement."], "links": [["tenement", "tenement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 6]], "ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter III, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A cathedral close."], "links": [["cathedral close", "cathedral close"]]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["interest", "interest"], ["John Bouvier", "w:John Bouvier"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "topics": ["law"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "street", "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"sense": "narrow alley", "word": "alley"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zadǎnena ulica", "sense": "street", "word": "задънена улица"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "street", "word": "umpikuja"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "street", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "rúa cega"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "street", "word": "Sackgasse"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tupík", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "тупи́к"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "narrow alley between two buildings in Scotland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clobhsa"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "beginning"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "start"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/əʊz", "Rhymes:English/əʊz/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amis translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with North Frisian translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Paicî translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Piedmontese translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "bring to a close"}, {"word": "close of business"}, {"word": "close of play"}, {"word": "close season"}, {"word": "close time"}, {"word": "come to a close"}, {"word": "door close"}, {"word": "draw to a close"}, {"word": "letters close"}, {"word": "sell past the close"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "closen", "4": "", "5": "to close, enclose"}, "expansion": "Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clusen", "t": "to close"}, "expansion": "Middle English clusen (“to close”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "clȳsan", "4": "", "5": "to close, shut"}, "expansion": "Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clos", "pos": "a", "t": "close, shut up, confined, secret"}, "expansion": "Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "clos", "4": "", "5": "close, confined", "pos": "adjective"}, "expansion": "Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausus", "4": "", "5": "shut up", "pos": "past participle"}, "expansion": "Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂w-", "4": "", "5": "key, hook, nail"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key, deadbolt, bar"}, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "schließen", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "sluiten", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "lūcan", "3": "", "4": "to close, lock, enclose"}, "expansion": "Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[64, 69]], "text": "We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[44, 49]], "ref": "1878, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Francis Atterbury”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition:", "text": "His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["An end or conclusion."], "links": [["end", "end"], ["conclusion", "conclusion"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[31, 36]], "ref": "1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:", "text": "The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[67, 72]], "ref": "1983, Charles B. Roth, Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales, page 110:", "text": "Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "links": [["sales pitch", "sales pitch"]], "qualifier": "sales", "raw_glosses": ["(sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "synonyms": [{"word": "closer"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[34, 39]], "ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:", "text": "The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grapple in wrestling."], "links": [["grapple", "grapple"], ["wrestling", "wrestling"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Music"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:", "text": "At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["strain", "strain"], ["cadence", "cadence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Music"], "glosses": ["A double bar marking the end."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["double", "double"], ["bar", "bar"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) A double bar marking the end."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Aviation", "en:Travel"], "glosses": ["The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "links": [["aviation", "aviation"], ["travel", "travel"]], "raw_glosses": ["(aviation, travel) The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "topics": ["aeronautics", "aerospace", "aviation", "business", "engineering", "lifestyle", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "tourism", "transport", "travel"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"rhymes": "-əʊz"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg/En-us-close-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg"}, {"homophone": "cloze"}, {"homophone": "clothes stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "end", "word": "end"}, {"sense": "end", "word": "finale"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kraj", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "край"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zavǎršek", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "завършек"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zakrivane", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закриване"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "päätös"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "loppu"}, {"code": "fi", "english": "successful close", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "maali"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusion"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "achèvement"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fine"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusione"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "kotayî", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "کۆتایی"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clausula"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "mutunga"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "whakaotinga"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusão"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fechamento"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zakrýtije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закры́тие"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaveršénije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "заверше́ние"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "okončánije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "оконча́ние"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusión"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cierre"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "funga"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "slut"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close (noun)
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "beginning"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "start"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/əʊz", "Rhymes:English/əʊz/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amis translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with North Frisian translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Paicî translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Piedmontese translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "bring to a close"}, {"word": "close of business"}, {"word": "close of play"}, {"word": "close season"}, {"word": "close time"}, {"word": "come to a close"}, {"word": "door close"}, {"word": "draw to a close"}, {"word": "letters close"}, {"word": "sell past the close"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "closen", "4": "", "5": "to close, enclose"}, "expansion": "Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clusen", "t": "to close"}, "expansion": "Middle English clusen (“to close”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "clȳsan", "4": "", "5": "to close, shut"}, "expansion": "Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clos", "pos": "a", "t": "close, shut up, confined, secret"}, "expansion": "Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "clos", "4": "", "5": "close, confined", "pos": "adjective"}, "expansion": "Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausus", "4": "", "5": "shut up", "pos": "past participle"}, "expansion": "Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂w-", "4": "", "5": "key, hook, nail"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key, deadbolt, bar"}, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "schließen", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "sluiten", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "lūcan", "3": "", "4": "to close, lock, enclose"}, "expansion": "Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[64, 69]], "text": "We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[44, 49]], "ref": "1878, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Francis Atterbury”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition:", "text": "His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["An end or conclusion."], "links": [["end", "end"], ["conclusion", "conclusion"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[31, 36]], "ref": "1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:", "text": "The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[67, 72]], "ref": "1983, Charles B. Roth, Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales, page 110:", "text": "Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "links": [["sales pitch", "sales pitch"]], "qualifier": "sales", "raw_glosses": ["(sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "synonyms": [{"word": "closer"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[34, 39]], "ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:", "text": "The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grapple in wrestling."], "links": [["grapple", "grapple"], ["wrestling", "wrestling"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Music"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:", "text": "At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["strain", "strain"], ["cadence", "cadence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Music"], "glosses": ["A double bar marking the end."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["double", "double"], ["bar", "bar"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) A double bar marking the end."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Aviation", "en:Travel"], "glosses": ["The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "links": [["aviation", "aviation"], ["travel", "travel"]], "raw_glosses": ["(aviation, travel) The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "topics": ["aeronautics", "aerospace", "aviation", "business", "engineering", "lifestyle", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "tourism", "transport", "travel"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"rhymes": "-əʊz"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg/En-us-close-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg"}, {"homophone": "cloze"}, {"homophone": "clothes stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "end", "word": "end"}, {"sense": "end", "word": "finale"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kraj", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "край"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zavǎršek", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "завършек"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zakrivane", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закриване"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "päätös"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "loppu"}, {"code": "fi", "english": "successful close", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "maali"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusion"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "achèvement"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fine"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusione"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "kotayî", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "کۆتایی"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clausula"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "mutunga"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "whakaotinga"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusão"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fechamento"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zakrýtije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закры́тие"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaveršénije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "заверше́ние"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "okončánije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "оконча́ние"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusión"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cierre"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "funga"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "slut"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close (noun)
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "beginning"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "start"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English verbs", "Entries with translation 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Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with 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Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "bring to a close"}, {"word": "close of business"}, {"word": "close of play"}, {"word": "close season"}, {"word": "close time"}, {"word": "come to a close"}, {"word": "door close"}, {"word": "draw to a close"}, {"word": "letters close"}, {"word": "sell past the close"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "closen", "4": "", "5": "to close, enclose"}, "expansion": "Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clusen", "t": "to close"}, "expansion": "Middle English clusen (“to close”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "clȳsan", "4": "", "5": "to close, shut"}, "expansion": "Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clos", "pos": "a", "t": "close, shut up, confined, secret"}, "expansion": "Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "clos", "4": "", "5": "close, confined", "pos": "adjective"}, "expansion": "Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausus", "4": "", "5": "shut up", "pos": "past participle"}, "expansion": "Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂w-", "4": "", "5": "key, hook, nail"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key, deadbolt, bar"}, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "schließen", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "sluiten", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "lūcan", "3": "", "4": "to close, lock, enclose"}, "expansion": "Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[64, 69]], "text": "We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[44, 49]], "ref": "1878, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Francis Atterbury”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition:", "text": "His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["An end or conclusion."], "links": [["end", "end"], ["conclusion", "conclusion"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[31, 36]], "ref": "1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:", "text": "The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[67, 72]], "ref": "1983, Charles B. Roth, Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales, page 110:", "text": "Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "links": [["sales pitch", "sales pitch"]], "qualifier": "sales", "raw_glosses": ["(sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "synonyms": [{"word": "closer"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[34, 39]], "ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:", "text": "The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grapple in wrestling."], "links": [["grapple", "grapple"], ["wrestling", "wrestling"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Music"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:", "text": "At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["strain", "strain"], ["cadence", "cadence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Music"], "glosses": ["A double bar marking the end."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["double", "double"], ["bar", "bar"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) A double bar marking the end."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Aviation", "en:Travel"], "glosses": ["The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "links": [["aviation", "aviation"], ["travel", "travel"]], "raw_glosses": ["(aviation, travel) The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "topics": ["aeronautics", "aerospace", "aviation", "business", "engineering", "lifestyle", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "tourism", "transport", "travel"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"rhymes": "-əʊz"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg/En-us-close-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg"}, {"homophone": "cloze"}, {"homophone": "clothes stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "end", "word": "end"}, {"sense": "end", "word": "finale"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kraj", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "край"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zavǎršek", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "завършек"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zakrivane", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закриване"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "päätös"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "loppu"}, {"code": "fi", "english": "successful close", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "maali"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusion"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "achèvement"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fine"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusione"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "kotayî", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "کۆتایی"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clausula"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "mutunga"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "whakaotinga"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusão"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fechamento"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zakrýtije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закры́тие"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaveršénije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "заверше́ние"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "okončánije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "оконча́ние"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusión"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cierre"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "funga"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "slut"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "beginning"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "start"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English verbs", "Entries with 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Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with North Frisian translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Paicî translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Piedmontese translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "bring to a close"}, {"word": "close of business"}, {"word": "close of play"}, {"word": "close season"}, {"word": "close time"}, {"word": "come to a close"}, {"word": "door close"}, {"word": "draw to a close"}, {"word": "letters close"}, {"word": "sell past the close"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "closen", "4": "", "5": "to close, enclose"}, "expansion": "Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clusen", "t": "to close"}, "expansion": "Middle English clusen (“to close”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "clȳsan", "4": "", "5": "to close, shut"}, "expansion": "Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clos", "pos": "a", "t": "close, shut up, confined, secret"}, "expansion": "Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "clos", "4": "", "5": "close, confined", "pos": "adjective"}, "expansion": "Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausus", "4": "", "5": "shut up", "pos": "past participle"}, "expansion": "Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂w-", "4": "", "5": "key, hook, nail"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key, deadbolt, bar"}, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "schließen", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "sluiten", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "lūcan", "3": "", "4": "to close, lock, enclose"}, "expansion": "Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[64, 69]], "text": "We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[44, 49]], "ref": "1878, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Francis Atterbury”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition:", "text": "His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["An end or conclusion."], "links": [["end", "end"], ["conclusion", "conclusion"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[31, 36]], "ref": "1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:", "text": "The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[67, 72]], "ref": "1983, Charles B. Roth, Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales, page 110:", "text": "Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "links": [["sales pitch", "sales pitch"]], "qualifier": "sales", "raw_glosses": ["(sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "synonyms": [{"word": "closer"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[34, 39]], "ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:", "text": "The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grapple in wrestling."], "links": [["grapple", "grapple"], ["wrestling", "wrestling"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Music"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:", "text": "At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["strain", "strain"], ["cadence", "cadence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Music"], "glosses": ["A double bar marking the end."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["double", "double"], ["bar", "bar"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) A double bar marking the end."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Aviation", "en:Travel"], "glosses": ["The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "links": [["aviation", "aviation"], ["travel", "travel"]], "raw_glosses": ["(aviation, travel) The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "topics": ["aeronautics", "aerospace", "aviation", "business", "engineering", "lifestyle", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "tourism", "transport", "travel"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"rhymes": "-əʊz"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg/En-us-close-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg"}, {"homophone": "cloze"}, {"homophone": "clothes stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "end", "word": "end"}, {"sense": "end", "word": "finale"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kraj", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "край"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zavǎršek", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "завършек"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zakrivane", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закриване"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "päätös"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "loppu"}, {"code": "fi", "english": "successful close", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "maali"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusion"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "achèvement"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fine"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusione"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "kotayî", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "کۆتایی"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clausula"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "mutunga"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "whakaotinga"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusão"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fechamento"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zakrýtije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закры́тие"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaveršénije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "заверше́ние"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "okončánije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "оконча́ние"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusión"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cierre"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "funga"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "slut"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close (noun)
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "beginning"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "start"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Rhymes:English/əʊz", "Rhymes:English/əʊz/1 syllable", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amis translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Cebuano translations", "Terms with Central Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Neapolitan translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with North Frisian translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Oromo translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Paicî translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Piedmontese translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sango translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "bring to a close"}, {"word": "close of business"}, {"word": "close of play"}, {"word": "close season"}, {"word": "close time"}, {"word": "come to a close"}, {"word": "door close"}, {"word": "draw to a close"}, {"word": "letters close"}, {"word": "sell past the close"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "closen", "4": "", "5": "to close, enclose"}, "expansion": "Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clusen", "t": "to close"}, "expansion": "Middle English clusen (“to close”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "clȳsan", "4": "", "5": "to close, shut"}, "expansion": "Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clos", "pos": "a", "t": "close, shut up, confined, secret"}, "expansion": "Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "clos", "4": "", "5": "close, confined", "pos": "adjective"}, "expansion": "Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausus", "4": "", "5": "shut up", "pos": "past participle"}, "expansion": "Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂w-", "4": "", "5": "key, hook, nail"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key, deadbolt, bar"}, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "schließen", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "sluiten", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "lūcan", "3": "", "4": "to close, lock, enclose"}, "expansion": "Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[64, 69]], "text": "We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[44, 49]], "ref": "1878, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Francis Atterbury”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition:", "text": "His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["An end or conclusion."], "links": [["end", "end"], ["conclusion", "conclusion"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[31, 36]], "ref": "1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:", "text": "The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[67, 72]], "ref": "1983, Charles B. Roth, Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales, page 110:", "text": "Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "links": [["sales pitch", "sales pitch"]], "qualifier": "sales", "raw_glosses": ["(sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "synonyms": [{"word": "closer"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[34, 39]], "ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:", "text": "The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grapple in wrestling."], "links": [["grapple", "grapple"], ["wrestling", "wrestling"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Music"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:", "text": "At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["strain", "strain"], ["cadence", "cadence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Music"], "glosses": ["A double bar marking the end."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["double", "double"], ["bar", "bar"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) A double bar marking the end."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Aviation", "en:Travel"], "glosses": ["The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "links": [["aviation", "aviation"], ["travel", "travel"]], "raw_glosses": ["(aviation, travel) The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "topics": ["aeronautics", "aerospace", "aviation", "business", "engineering", "lifestyle", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "tourism", "transport", "travel"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"rhymes": "-əʊz"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg/En-us-close-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg"}, {"homophone": "cloze"}, {"homophone": "clothes stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "end", "word": "end"}, {"sense": "end", "word": "finale"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kraj", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "край"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zavǎršek", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "завършек"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zakrivane", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закриване"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "päätös"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "loppu"}, {"code": "fi", "english": "successful close", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "maali"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusion"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "achèvement"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fine"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusione"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "kotayî", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "کۆتایی"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clausula"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "mutunga"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "whakaotinga"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusão"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fechamento"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zakrýtije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закры́тие"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaveršénije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "заверше́ние"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "okončánije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "оконча́ние"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusión"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cierre"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "funga"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "slut"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close (noun)
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "beginning"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “end”", "word": "start"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Old French", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms with homophones", "English verbs", "Entries with 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Atlas Tamazight translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Cherokee translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dalmatian translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Ewe translations", "Terms with Extremaduran translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Friulian translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Javanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khiamniungan Naga translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with 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translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sidamo translations", "Terms with Sindhi translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tok Pisin translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ugaritic translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waray-Waray translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations", "Terms with White Hmong translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "bring to a close"}, {"word": "close of business"}, {"word": "close of play"}, {"word": "close season"}, {"word": "close time"}, {"word": "come to a close"}, {"word": "door close"}, {"word": "draw to a close"}, {"word": "letters close"}, {"word": "sell past the close"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "closen", "4": "", "5": "to close, enclose"}, "expansion": "Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clusen", "t": "to close"}, "expansion": "Middle English clusen (“to close”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "clȳsan", "4": "", "5": "to close, shut"}, "expansion": "Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "clos", "pos": "a", "t": "close, shut up, confined, secret"}, "expansion": "Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective)", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fro", "3": "clos", "4": "", "5": "close, confined", "pos": "adjective"}, "expansion": "Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausus", "4": "", "5": "shut up", "pos": "past participle"}, "expansion": "Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kleh₂w-", "4": "", "5": "key, hook, nail"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "la", "2": "clāvis", "3": "", "4": "key, deadbolt, bar"}, "expansion": "Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "grc", "2": "κλείς", "3": "", "4": "bar, bolt, key"}, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "schließen", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nl", "2": "sluiten", "3": "", "4": "to close, conclude, lock"}, "expansion": "Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "ang", "2": "lūcan", "3": "", "4": "to close, lock, enclose"}, "expansion": "Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) (from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudere (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[64, 69]], "text": "We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[44, 49]], "ref": "1878, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Francis Atterbury”, in Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition:", "text": "His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["An end or conclusion."], "links": [["end", "end"], ["conclusion", "conclusion"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[31, 36]], "ref": "1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:", "text": "The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[67, 72]], "ref": "1983, Charles B. Roth, Roy Alexander, Secrets of Closing Sales, page 110:", "text": "Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "links": [["sales pitch", "sales pitch"]], "qualifier": "sales", "raw_glosses": ["(sales) The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy."], "synonyms": [{"word": "closer"}]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[34, 39]], "ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:", "text": "The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A grapple in wrestling."], "links": [["grapple", "grapple"], ["wrestling", "wrestling"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Music"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:", "text": "At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["strain", "strain"], ["cadence", "cadence"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Music"], "glosses": ["A double bar marking the end."], "links": [["music", "music"], ["double", "double"], ["bar", "bar"]], "raw_glosses": ["(music) A double bar marking the end."], "topics": ["entertainment", "lifestyle", "music"]}, {"categories": ["en:Aviation", "en:Travel"], "glosses": ["The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "links": [["aviation", "aviation"], ["travel", "travel"]], "raw_glosses": ["(aviation, travel) The time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight."], "topics": ["aeronautics", "aerospace", "aviation", "business", "engineering", "lifestyle", "natural-sciences", "physical-sciences", "tourism", "transport", "travel"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊz/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "klōz", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊz/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"rhymes": "-əʊz"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-verb.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg/En-us-close-verb.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/En-us-close-verb.ogg"}, {"homophone": "cloze"}, {"homophone": "clothes stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "end", "word": "end"}, {"sense": "end", "word": "finale"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "kraj", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "край"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zavǎršek", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "завършек"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zakrivane", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закриване"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "päätös"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "loppu"}, {"code": "fi", "english": "successful close", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "maali"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusion"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "achèvement"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "fine"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusione"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "kotayî", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "کۆتایی"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "clausula"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "mutunga"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "whakaotinga"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusão"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fechamento"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zakrýtije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "закры́тие"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaveršénije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "заверше́ние"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "okončánije", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "оконча́ние"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "fin"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "conclusión"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cierre"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "end or conclusion", "word": "funga"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "end or conclusion", "tags": ["neuter"], "word": "slut"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms 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translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "up a close"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "clós", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Irish: clós", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Irish: clós"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "clos", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Welsh: clos", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Welsh: clos"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "links": [["field", "field"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare, chiefly Yorkshire) An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "tags": ["Yorkshire", "archaic"]}, {"categories": ["British English"], "glosses": ["A street that ends in a dead end."], "links": [["street", "street"], ["dead end", "dead end"]], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly British) A street that ends in a dead end."], "tags": ["British"]}, {"categories": ["Scottish English"], "glosses": ["A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "links": [["alley", "alley"], ["overhung", "overhang"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[58, 63]], "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 279:", "text": "The woman nodded at a nearby flight of steps. 'This is my close. We can talk in here. Come on.'.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The common staircase in a tenement."], "links": [["tenement", "tenement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 6]], "ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter III, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A cathedral close."], "links": [["cathedral close", "cathedral close"]]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["interest", "interest"], ["John Bouvier", "w:John Bouvier"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "topics": ["law"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "street", "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"sense": "narrow alley", "word": "alley"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zadǎnena ulica", "sense": "street", "word": "задънена улица"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "street", "word": "umpikuja"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "street", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "rúa cega"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "street", "word": "Sackgasse"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tupík", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "тупи́к"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "narrow alley between two buildings in Scotland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clobhsa"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close (noun)
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "up a close"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "clós", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Irish: clós", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Irish: clós"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "clos", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Welsh: clos", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Welsh: clos"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "links": [["field", "field"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare, chiefly Yorkshire) An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "tags": ["Yorkshire", "archaic"]}, {"categories": ["British English"], "glosses": ["A street that ends in a dead end."], "links": [["street", "street"], ["dead end", "dead end"]], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly British) A street that ends in a dead end."], "tags": ["British"]}, {"categories": ["Scottish English"], "glosses": ["A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "links": [["alley", "alley"], ["overhung", "overhang"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[58, 63]], "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 279:", "text": "The woman nodded at a nearby flight of steps. 'This is my close. We can talk in here. Come on.'.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The common staircase in a tenement."], "links": [["tenement", "tenement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 6]], "ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter III, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A cathedral close."], "links": [["cathedral close", "cathedral close"]]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["interest", "interest"], ["John Bouvier", "w:John Bouvier"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "topics": ["law"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "street", "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"sense": "narrow alley", "word": "alley"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zadǎnena ulica", "sense": "street", "word": "задънена улица"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "street", "word": "umpikuja"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "street", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "rúa cega"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "street", "word": "Sackgasse"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tupík", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "тупи́к"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "narrow alley between two buildings in Scotland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clobhsa"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close (noun)
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "up a close"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "clós", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Irish: clós", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Irish: clós"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "clos", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Welsh: clos", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Welsh: clos"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "links": [["field", "field"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare, chiefly Yorkshire) An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "tags": ["Yorkshire", "archaic"]}, {"categories": ["British English"], "glosses": ["A street that ends in a dead end."], "links": [["street", "street"], ["dead end", "dead end"]], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly British) A street that ends in a dead end."], "tags": ["British"]}, {"categories": ["Scottish English"], "glosses": ["A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "links": [["alley", "alley"], ["overhung", "overhang"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[58, 63]], "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 279:", "text": "The woman nodded at a nearby flight of steps. 'This is my close. We can talk in here. Come on.'.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The common staircase in a tenement."], "links": [["tenement", "tenement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 6]], "ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter III, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A cathedral close."], "links": [["cathedral close", "cathedral close"]]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["interest", "interest"], ["John Bouvier", "w:John Bouvier"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "topics": ["law"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "street", "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"sense": "narrow alley", "word": "alley"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zadǎnena ulica", "sense": "street", "word": "задънена улица"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "street", "word": "umpikuja"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "street", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "rúa cega"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "street", "word": "Sackgasse"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tupík", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "тупи́к"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "narrow alley between two buildings in Scotland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clobhsa"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "up a close"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "clós", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Irish: clós", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Irish: clós"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "clos", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Welsh: clos", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Welsh: clos"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "links": [["field", "field"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare, chiefly Yorkshire) An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "tags": ["Yorkshire", "archaic"]}, {"categories": ["British English"], "glosses": ["A street that ends in a dead end."], "links": [["street", "street"], ["dead end", "dead end"]], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly British) A street that ends in a dead end."], "tags": ["British"]}, {"categories": ["Scottish English"], "glosses": ["A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "links": [["alley", "alley"], ["overhung", "overhang"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[58, 63]], "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 279:", "text": "The woman nodded at a nearby flight of steps. 'This is my close. We can talk in here. Come on.'.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The common staircase in a tenement."], "links": [["tenement", "tenement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 6]], "ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter III, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A cathedral close."], "links": [["cathedral close", "cathedral close"]]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["interest", "interest"], ["John Bouvier", "w:John Bouvier"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "topics": ["law"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "street", "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"sense": "narrow alley", "word": "alley"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zadǎnena ulica", "sense": "street", "word": "задънена улица"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "street", "word": "umpikuja"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "street", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "rúa cega"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "street", "word": "Sackgasse"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tupík", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "тупи́к"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "narrow alley between two buildings in Scotland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clobhsa"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
close (noun)
close/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "up a close"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "ga", "2": "clós", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Irish: clós", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Irish: clós"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "cy", "2": "clos", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Welsh: clos", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Welsh: clos"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closes", "tags": ["plural"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {}, "expansion": "close (plural closes)", "name": "en-noun"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with rare senses"], "glosses": ["An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "links": [["field", "field"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare, chiefly Yorkshire) An enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building."], "tags": ["Yorkshire", "archaic"]}, {"categories": ["British English"], "glosses": ["A street that ends in a dead end."], "links": [["street", "street"], ["dead end", "dead end"]], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly British) A street that ends in a dead end."], "tags": ["British"]}, {"categories": ["Scottish English"], "glosses": ["A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "links": [["alley", "alley"], ["overhung", "overhang"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "Scottish English"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[58, 63]], "ref": "2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 279:", "text": "The woman nodded at a nearby flight of steps. 'This is my close. We can talk in here. Come on.'.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["The common staircase in a tenement."], "links": [["tenement", "tenement"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement."], "tags": ["Scotland"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 6]], "ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter III, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:", "text": "closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["A cathedral close."], "links": [["cathedral close", "cathedral close"]]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["interest", "interest"], ["John Bouvier", "w:John Bouvier"]], "raw_glosses": ["(law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed"], "topics": ["law"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "street", "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"sense": "narrow alley", "word": "alley"}], "translations": [{"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "zadǎnena ulica", "sense": "street", "word": "задънена улица"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "street", "word": "umpikuja"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "cul-de-sac"}, {"code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "street", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "rúa cega"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "street", "word": "Sackgasse"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tupík", "sense": "street", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "тупи́к"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "narrow alley between two buildings in Scotland", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "clobhsa"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (9a214a4 and 1b6da77).
The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.