English Wiktionary data extraction errors and warnings

close/English/adj

2: close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
1: close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English 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Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
1: close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}
1: close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Hijazi-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root (s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

close (adj) close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English 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translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

close (adj) close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root (s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

close (adj) close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Hijazi-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root (s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

close (adj) close/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Hijazi-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {"antonyms": [{"english": "at little distance", "sense": "antonym(s) of", "word": "distant"}, {"word": "far"}, {"word": "faraway"}, {"word": "far off"}, {"word": "remote"}, {"word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "aloof"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "cool"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”", "word": "distant"}, {"sense": "antonym(s) of “articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate”", "word": "open"}], "categories": ["English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English adverbs", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English ergative verbs", "English heteronyms", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Rhymes:English/əʊs", "Rhymes:English/əʊs/1 syllable", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bouyei translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Mari translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Haitian Creole translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latgalian translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Tetum translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations"], "derived": [{"word": "close as wax"}, {"word": "close at hand"}, {"word": "close-bodied"}, {"word": "close borough"}, {"word": "close, but no cigar"}, {"word": "close call"}, {"word": "close captioning"}, {"word": "close combat"}, {"word": "close-coupled"}, {"word": "close-cropped"}, {"word": "close encounter"}, {"word": "close enough"}, {"word": "close-fights"}, {"word": "close-fisted"}, {"word": "close-fitting"}, {"word": "closehanded"}, {"word": "close-hauled"}, {"word": "close helm"}, {"word": "close helmet"}, {"word": "closeish"}, {"word": "close-knit"}, {"word": "closely"}, {"word": "close-mid"}, {"word": "close-minded"}, {"word": "closeness"}, {"word": "close one"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and darts"}, {"word": "close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades"}, {"word": "close on the heels of"}, {"word": "close order"}, {"word": "close-packed"}, {"word": "close-packing"}, {"word": "close protection"}, {"word": "close quarter"}, {"word": "close-quarter"}, {"word": "close quarters"}, {"word": "close-range"}, {"word": "close range"}, {"word": "close reach"}, {"word": "close reading"}, {"word": "closereefed"}, {"word": "close-reefed"}, {"word": "close-run"}, {"word": "close-serried"}, {"word": "close-set"}, {"word": "close shave"}, {"word": "closestool"}, {"word": "close thing"}, {"word": "close-tiled"}, {"word": "close to"}, {"word": "close together"}, {"word": "close to home"}, {"word": "close-tongued"}, {"word": "close to one's heart"}, {"word": "close to one's vest"}, {"word": "close to someone's heart"}, {"word": "close to the bone"}, {"word": "close to the vest"}, {"word": "close to the wind"}, {"word": "close-up"}, {"word": "close-winded"}, {"word": "close with a buck"}, {"word": "couple-close"}, {"word": "cut it close"}, {"word": "fly too close to the sun"}, {"word": "hit too close to home"}, {"word": "in close neighbourhood"}, {"word": "keep a close watch"}, {"word": "keep one's cards close to one's chest"}, {"word": "nonclose"}, {"word": "play it close to the hip"}, {"word": "sail close to the wind"}, {"word": "soft-close"}, {"word": "subclose"}, {"word": "this close"}, {"word": "too close for comfort"}, {"word": "too close to call"}, {"word": "too close to the sun"}, {"word": "ultraclose"}, {"word": "up close"}], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"}, "expansion": "", "name": "root"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "clos"}, "expansion": "French clos", "name": "bor"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "clausum"}, "expansion": "Latin clausum", "name": "der"}], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French clos, from Latin clausum, participle of claudō.", "forms": [{"form": "closer", "tags": ["comparative"]}, {"form": "closest", "tags": ["superlative"]}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "er"}, "expansion": "close (comparative closer, superlative closest)", "name": "en-adj"}], "hyponyms": [{"word": "this close"}, {"word": "thisclose"}, {"word": "ultra-close"}], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [{"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "Is your house close?", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Christmas is getting close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[122, 127]], "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "[…] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "At little distance; near in space or time."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[17, 22]], "text": "No, but you were close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[11, 16]], "text": "We were so close to winning!", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[38, 43]], "text": "She wasn't quite in tears but she was close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[71, 76]], "ref": "2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:", "text": "Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost, but not quite (getting to an answer, goal, or other state); near."], "links": [["close to", "close to"], ["near", "near#English"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[15, 20]], "text": "Phew! That was close!", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Almost resulting in disaster."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]], "raw_glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "(in particular) Almost resulting in disaster."], "raw_tags": ["in particular"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "Their ages are quite close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[14, 19]], "text": "His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "It was a close contest.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; almost exactly matching."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [23, 28]], "text": "a close translation; a close copy", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact or nearly so."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[8, 13]], "text": "He is a close friend.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[22, 27]], "text": "My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[32, 37]], "text": "For Christmas we just had a few close relatives round.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [21, 26]], "text": "a close colleague; a close ally", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Intimate or immediate in personal relationship."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "We have a close affiliation with the college.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[10, 15]], "text": "I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.", "Involving a tight connection; involving frequent communication, shared or cooperative activity, etc."], "links": [["close to", "close to"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[2, 7], [15, 20], [31, 36]], "text": "a close alley; close quarters; close confines", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[145, 150]], "ref": "1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 41, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:", "text": "[...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Physically narrow or confined."], "links": [["narrow", "narrow"], ["confined", "confined"]], "qualifier": "archaic outside certain phrases", "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic outside certain phrases) Physically narrow or confined."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[42, 47]], "text": "For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "These trousers are a close fit.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tight, with little space separating components or elements."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "He was captured and kept a close prisoner.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Strictly confined; carefully guarded."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "text": "The pregnancy was a close secret.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[46, 51]], "text": "His lawyers have so far kept this information close.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Tightly restricted in availability."]}, {"categories": ["en:Law"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "links": [["law", "law#English"], ["closely held", "closely held"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(law) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held."], "topics": ["law"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[81, 86]], "ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:", "text": "If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.", "type": "quote"}, {"text": "1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[59, 64]], "ref": "1921, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter X, in Indiscretions of Archie:", "text": "He sighed drowsily. The atmosphere of the auction room was close; you weren't allowed to smoke; and altogether he was beginning to regret that he had come.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude."], "links": [["lassitude", "lassitude"]]}, {"categories": ["British English", "Irish English", "en:Weather"], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Hot, humid, with no wind."], "links": [["humid", "humid"], ["wind", "wind"]], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(Ireland, UK, weather) Hot, humid, with no wind."], "tags": ["Ireland", "UK"], "topics": ["climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences", "weather"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[104, 109]], "ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:", "text": "The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "Dense; solid; compact."], "raw_glosses": ["Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.", "(archaic) Dense; solid; compact."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "text": "The patient was kept under close observation.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[7, 12]], "text": "Keep a close eye on him.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[85, 90]], "ref": "a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC, page 90:", "text": "I must acknowledge that hitherto I have discover’d no other way to keep our Thoughts cloſe to their Buſineſs, but the endeavouring as much as we can, and by frequent Attention and Application, getting the habit of Attention and Application.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Attentive; undeviating; strict."], "links": [["Attentive", "attentive#English"], ["undeviating", "undeviating"], ["strict", "strict"]]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "This issue merits close examination.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[18, 23]], "text": "Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Carefully done, detailed."]}, {"glosses": ["Rigorous, careful, etc.", "Accurate; precise."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "text": "to cut grass or hair close", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["Short."]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[21, 26]], "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew viij:", "text": "There is nothinge so close, that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[137, 142]], "ref": "1830, Thomas Thomson (chemist), The History of Chemistry, volume 1, pages 30–31:", "text": "As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[135, 140]], "ref": "1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter I, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:", "text": "I mounted into the window-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Closed, shut."], "links": [["Closed", "closed"], ["shut", "shut"]], "raw_glosses": ["(now rare) Closed, shut."], "senseid": ["en:closed shut"], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"categories": ["en:Linguistics", "en:Phonetics"], "glosses": ["Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "links": [["linguistics", "linguistics"], ["phonetics", "phonetics"]], "raw_glosses": ["(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate."], "raw_tags": ["of a vowel"], "senseid": ["en:linguistics"], "topics": ["human-sciences", "linguistics", "phonetics", "phonology", "sciences"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with quotations", "en:Heraldry"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1780, Joseph Edmondson, A Complete Body of Heraldry:", "text": "Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[16, 21], [88, 93], [174, 179]], "ref": "1894, Henry Gough, James Parker, A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, page 215:", "text": "Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[95, 100]], "ref": "1902, Lincoln's Inn (London, England), The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn, page 458:", "text": "Arms : Azure, a chevron ermine between three cross - crosslets fitchy argent. Crest : An eagle close argent, ducally gorged.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "links": [["heraldry", "heraldry"], ["statant", "statant"]], "raw_glosses": ["(heraldry, of a bird) With its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture."], "raw_tags": ["of a bird"], "topics": ["government", "heraldry", "hobbies", "lifestyle", "monarchy", "nobility", "politics"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[9, 14]], "text": "Money is close.", "type": "example"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[74, 79]], "ref": "1886, “Leases of Lands in the Indian Territory”, in United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 2362, page 184:", "text": "Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[49, 54], [342, 347]], "ref": "1903, Gunton's Magazine of American Economics and Political Science, page 249:", "text": "We are told out West that the reason money is so close now is because so large an amount has been invested in real estate. I cannot understand why that would make any difference if that money has been sent from one section of the country into another for the purpose of buying real estate. Why should it make any difference as to money being close? We are told in the East large amounts have been invested in the large manufacturing plants, such as the steel plants, etc. but if the money has been invested there it has simply changed hands, and why should that make any difference?", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[72, 77]], "ref": "1965, Country Life - Volume 137, page 326:", "text": "But there is reason underlying this confusion: time as well as money is close these days and a small wardrobe of hats can be very boring.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Difficult to obtain."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Difficult to obtain."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English dated terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[93, 98]], "ref": "1820, John Keats, “Isabella; or, The Pot of Basil. A Story from Boccaccio.”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, stanza XVII, page 57:", "text": "Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[37, 42]], "ref": "1837, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume I:", "text": "[...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[27, 32]], "ref": "1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:", "text": "Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless bin of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Parsimonious; stingy."], "raw_glosses": ["(dated) Parsimonious; stingy."], "tags": ["dated"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[20, 25]], "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Chronicles 12:1:", "text": "He yet kept himself close because of Saul.", "type": "quote"}, {"bold_text_offsets": [[4, 9]], "ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 57:", "text": "her close intent", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "raw_glosses": ["(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden."], "tags": ["obsolete"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"bold_text_offsets": [[0, 5]], "text": "close reasoning", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1690, John Dryden, Translations (Preface)", "text": "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass."}], "glosses": ["Concise; to the point."], "raw_glosses": ["(archaic) Concise; to the point."], "tags": ["archaic"]}, {"glosses": ["Marked, evident."]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "klōs", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kləʊs/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/kloʊs/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"audio": "en-uk-close.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg/En-uk-close.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-uk-close.ogg"}, {"audio": "en-us-close-adj.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg/En-us-close-adj.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/En-us-close-adj.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-əʊs"}], "synonyms": [{"sense": "at little distance", "word": "close by"}, {"word": "near"}, {"word": "nearby"}, {"tags": ["intimate"], "word": "intimate"}, {"sense": "hot, humid", "word": "muggy"}, {"word": "oppressive"}, {"word": "muggy"}, {"sense": "articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate", "word": "high"}, {"sense": "dense, solid, compact", "word": "compact"}], "translations": [{"code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "i afërt"}, {"code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "qarīb", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔorayyeb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Egyptian-Arabic", "masculine"], "word": "قُرَيِّب"}, {"code": "acw", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "garīb", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Hijazi-Arabic"], "word": "قَرِيب"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "mot", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapea"}, {"code": "rup", "lang": "Aromanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproapi"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaxın"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blízki", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́зкі"}, {"code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "blížni", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "блі́жні"}, {"code": "pcc", "lang": "Bouyei", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "jaec"}, {"code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tost"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blížen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жен"}, {"code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "ni:", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "နီး"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pròxim"}, {"code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "kan⁵", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jìn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqın"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nabije"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dichtbij"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proksima"}, {"code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähedal"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "lähellä (e.g. onko talosi lähellä?)"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "liki"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "likeinen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "proche"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "près"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlo", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლო"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "axlos", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ახლოს"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "maxloblad", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "მახლობლად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nah"}, {"code": "got", "lang": "Gothic", "roman": "nēƕ", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "𐌽𐌴𐍈"}, {"code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "pwòch"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "karóv", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "קָרוֹב"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "k'rová", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "קְרוֹבָה"}, {"code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "pās", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "पास"}, {"code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxim"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "proxime"}, {"code": "ia", "lang": "Interlingua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vicin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlúth"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "vicino"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine"], "word": "vicina"}, {"alt": "ちかい", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "chikai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "近い"}, {"code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "jaqyn", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жақын"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "jɨt", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ជិត"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gakkapda", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "가깝다"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "nzîk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزیک"}, {"code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nêzik"}, {"code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "jakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "жакын"}, {"code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "kai", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ໃກ້"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tyvs"}, {"code": "ltg", "lang": "Latgalian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "tiveims"}, {"code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tuvs"}, {"code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "artimas"}, {"code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "blízok", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зок"}, {"code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dekat"}, {"code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "qrib"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "tata"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "piritahi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "najik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "नजिक"}, {"code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nær"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "prèp"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nēah"}, {"code": "ang", "lang": "Old English", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ġehende"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "یاقین"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "نزدیک"}, {"code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "قریب"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "vizinho"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "perto"}, {"code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "kaylla"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "aproape"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blížnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жний"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "faisg"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Cyrillic"], "word": "бли̏зак"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["Roman"], "word": "blȉzak"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "blízky"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bližnji"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["predicative"], "word": "cerca"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "at little distance", "tags": ["feminine", "masculine"], "word": "citerior"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "nära"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "nazdik", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "наздик"}, {"code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "qarib", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "қариб"}, {"code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "yakın", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "якын"}, {"code": "tet", "lang": "Tetum", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "besik"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "glâi", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ใกล้"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "ýakyn"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýzʹkyj", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́зький"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blýžnij", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "бли́жній"}, {"code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "yaqin"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gần"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "agos"}, {"code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "noent", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "נאָענט"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gaenh"}, {"code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "at little distance", "word": "gyawj"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "motik", "sense": "intimate", "word": "մոտիկ"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "yaqın", "sense": "intimate", "word": "яҡын"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "blízǎk", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зък"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntim"}, {"code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "intimate", "tags": ["masculine"], "word": "blízký"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "intimate", "word": "korligita"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "läheinen"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "rakas"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "intimate", "word": "proche"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "intimate", "word": "intimo"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "chinhada", "sense": "intimate", "word": "친하다"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "taupiri"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "intimate", "word": "whakaawhiawhi"}, {"code": "mhr", "lang": "Eastern Mari", "roman": "ĺišyl", "sense": "intimate", "word": "лишыл"}, {"code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "bliski"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "intimate", "word": "próximo"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "blízkij", "sense": "intimate", "word": "бли́зкий"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "intimate", "word": "dlùth"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "cercano"}, {"code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "íntimo"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "intimate", "word": "fungu"}, {"code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "intimate", "word": "yakın"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "blyzʹkýj", "sense": "intimate", "word": "близьки́й"}, {"code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "tınsıw", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "тынсыу"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "zwoel"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drukkend"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "nihkeä"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tukala"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "lourd"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "schwül"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "drückend"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "korire"}, {"code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "tūāhuru"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "ısı, ıssı", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "ایصی"}, {"code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "harir", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "حریر"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwll"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "mwrn"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "hot and humid or muggy", "word": "trymaidd"}], "wikipedia": ["close"], "word": "close"}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (85b9f46 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.