See тул in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "chm-pro",
"3": "*tŭl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *tŭl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*tuli"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *tuli",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mrj",
"2": "тыл"
},
"expansion": "Western Mari тыл (tyl)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mari *tŭl, from Proto-Uralic *tuli. Cognate with Western Mari тыл (tyl).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тулрак",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "тулрак",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "тул • (tul) (comparative тулрак)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+"
},
"expansion": "тул • (tul) (comparative тулрак)",
"name": "mhr-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"тул"
],
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flaming, fiery, ardent, burning, vehement, fierce"
],
"id": "en-тул-mhr-adj-etVp-Xlz",
"links": [
[
"flaming",
"flaming"
],
[
"fiery",
"fiery"
],
[
"ardent",
"ardent"
],
[
"burning",
"burning"
],
[
"vehement",
"vehement"
],
[
"fierce",
"fierce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) flaming, fiery, ardent, burning, vehement, fierce"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tul/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
}
],
"word": "тул"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ške tuĺešet ške jüĺet",
"word": "шке тулешет шке йӱлет"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "chm-pro",
"3": "*tŭl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *tŭl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*tuli"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *tuli",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mrj",
"2": "тыл"
},
"expansion": "Western Mari тыл (tyl)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mari *tŭl, from Proto-Uralic *tuli. Cognate with Western Mari тыл (tyl).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mhr-decl-noun-npos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "тул",
"roman": "tul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влак",
"roman": "tul-vlak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулым",
"roman": "tulym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакым",
"roman": "tul-vlakym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулын",
"roman": "tulyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакын",
"roman": "tul-vlakyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "туллан",
"roman": "tullan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влаклан",
"roman": "tul-vlaklan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулге",
"roman": "tulge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакге",
"roman": "tul-vlakge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулла",
"roman": "tulla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакла",
"roman": "tul-vlakla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулыште",
"roman": "tulyšte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакыште",
"roman": "tul-vlakyšte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулыш",
"roman": "tulyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакыш",
"roman": "tul-vlakyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "тулышке",
"roman": "tulyške",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"long-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакышке",
"roman": "tul-vlakyške",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"long-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулеш",
"roman": "tuĺeš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакеш",
"roman": "tul-vlakeš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mhr-pos-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "тулем",
"roman": "tuĺem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тулна",
"roman": "tulna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулет",
"roman": "tuĺet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тулда",
"roman": "tulda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "тулжо",
"roman": "tulžo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "тулышт",
"roman": "tulyšt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "тул-влак",
"5": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "тул • (tul)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "тул • (tul)",
"name": "mhr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"тул"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тул",
"2": "",
"3": "ы",
"4": "е",
"5": "е"
},
"name": "mhr-decl-noun-npos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "тул",
"10": "тул-влакге",
"11": "тулла",
"12": "тул-влакла",
"13": "тулыште",
"14": "тул-влакыште",
"15": "тулыш",
"16": "тул-влакыш",
"17": "тулышке",
"18": "тул-влакышке",
"19": "тулеш",
"2": "тул-влак",
"20": "тул-влакеш",
"3": "тулым",
"4": "тул-влакым",
"5": "тулын",
"6": "тул-влакын",
"7": "туллан",
"8": "тул-влаклан",
"9": "тулге"
},
"name": "mhr-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 61 0 3 6 20 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mhr",
"name": "Fire",
"orig": "mhr:Fire",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fire"
],
"id": "en-тул-mhr-noun-3J8osS3R",
"links": [
[
"fire",
"fire"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"light (e.g., from a lamp)"
],
"id": "en-тул-mhr-noun-ftSf-kB~",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bonfire, campfire"
],
"id": "en-тул-mhr-noun-cWkHcNYx",
"links": [
[
"bonfire",
"bonfire"
],
[
"campfire",
"campfire"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"embers, hot coals, something hot (used to start a fire)"
],
"id": "en-тул-mhr-noun-goNGyMvB",
"links": [
[
"ember",
"ember"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
],
[
"coal",
"coal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mhr",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "mhr:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 4 14 7 35 24 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Mari entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fire (of weapons)"
],
"id": "en-тул-mhr-noun-VfyTAgqm",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"fire",
"fire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, military) fire (of weapons)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gleam, flame, passion, fervor/fervour, ardor/ardour"
],
"id": "en-тул-mhr-noun-UCZ~ZR6G",
"links": [
[
"gleam",
"gleam"
],
[
"flame",
"flame"
],
[
"passion",
"passion"
],
[
"fervor",
"fervor"
],
[
"fervour",
"fervour"
],
[
"ardor",
"ardor"
],
[
"ardour",
"ardour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) gleam, flame, passion, fervor/fervour, ardor/ardour"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"flames (e.g., of a war, revolution)"
],
"id": "en-тул-mhr-noun-jURCQevV",
"links": [
[
"flame",
"flame"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) flames (e.g., of a war, revolution)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tul/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
}
],
"word": "тул"
}
{
"categories": [
"Eastern Mari adjectives",
"Eastern Mari entries with incorrect language header",
"Eastern Mari lemmas",
"Eastern Mari nouns",
"Eastern Mari terms derived from Proto-Mari",
"Eastern Mari terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Eastern Mari terms inherited from Proto-Mari",
"Eastern Mari terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Eastern Mari/ul",
"Rhymes:Eastern Mari/ul/1 syllable",
"mhr:Fire"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "chm-pro",
"3": "*tŭl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *tŭl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*tuli"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *tuli",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mrj",
"2": "тыл"
},
"expansion": "Western Mari тыл (tyl)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mari *tŭl, from Proto-Uralic *tuli. Cognate with Western Mari тыл (tyl).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тулрак",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "тулрак",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "тул • (tul) (comparative тулрак)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+"
},
"expansion": "тул • (tul) (comparative тулрак)",
"name": "mhr-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"тул"
],
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flaming, fiery, ardent, burning, vehement, fierce"
],
"links": [
[
"flaming",
"flaming"
],
[
"fiery",
"fiery"
],
[
"ardent",
"ardent"
],
[
"burning",
"burning"
],
[
"vehement",
"vehement"
],
[
"fierce",
"fierce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) flaming, fiery, ardent, burning, vehement, fierce"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tul/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
}
],
"word": "тул"
}
{
"categories": [
"Eastern Mari adjectives",
"Eastern Mari entries with incorrect language header",
"Eastern Mari lemmas",
"Eastern Mari nouns",
"Eastern Mari terms derived from Proto-Mari",
"Eastern Mari terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Eastern Mari terms inherited from Proto-Mari",
"Eastern Mari terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Eastern Mari/ul",
"Rhymes:Eastern Mari/ul/1 syllable",
"mhr:Fire"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ške tuĺešet ške jüĺet",
"word": "шке тулешет шке йӱлет"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "chm-pro",
"3": "*tŭl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *tŭl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*tuli"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *tuli",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mrj",
"2": "тыл"
},
"expansion": "Western Mari тыл (tyl)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mari *tŭl, from Proto-Uralic *tuli. Cognate with Western Mari тыл (tyl).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mhr-decl-noun-npos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "тул",
"roman": "tul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влак",
"roman": "tul-vlak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулым",
"roman": "tulym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакым",
"roman": "tul-vlakym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулын",
"roman": "tulyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакын",
"roman": "tul-vlakyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "туллан",
"roman": "tullan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влаклан",
"roman": "tul-vlaklan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулге",
"roman": "tulge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакге",
"roman": "tul-vlakge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулла",
"roman": "tulla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакла",
"roman": "tul-vlakla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулыште",
"roman": "tulyšte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакыште",
"roman": "tul-vlakyšte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулыш",
"roman": "tulyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакыш",
"roman": "tul-vlakyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "тулышке",
"roman": "tulyške",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"long-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакышке",
"roman": "tul-vlakyške",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"long-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулеш",
"roman": "tuĺeš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тул-влакеш",
"roman": "tul-vlakeš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mhr-pos-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "тулем",
"roman": "tuĺem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тулна",
"roman": "tulna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тулет",
"roman": "tuĺet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тулда",
"roman": "tulda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "тулжо",
"roman": "tulžo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "тулышт",
"roman": "tulyšt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "тул-влак",
"5": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "тул • (tul)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "тул • (tul)",
"name": "mhr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"тул"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тул",
"2": "",
"3": "ы",
"4": "е",
"5": "е"
},
"name": "mhr-decl-noun-npos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "тул",
"10": "тул-влакге",
"11": "тулла",
"12": "тул-влакла",
"13": "тулыште",
"14": "тул-влакыште",
"15": "тулыш",
"16": "тул-влакыш",
"17": "тулышке",
"18": "тул-влакышке",
"19": "тулеш",
"2": "тул-влак",
"20": "тул-влакеш",
"3": "тулым",
"4": "тул-влакым",
"5": "тулын",
"6": "тул-влакын",
"7": "туллан",
"8": "тул-влаклан",
"9": "тулге"
},
"name": "mhr-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fire"
],
"links": [
[
"fire",
"fire"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"light (e.g., from a lamp)"
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bonfire, campfire"
],
"links": [
[
"bonfire",
"bonfire"
],
[
"campfire",
"campfire"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"embers, hot coals, something hot (used to start a fire)"
],
"links": [
[
"ember",
"ember"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
],
[
"coal",
"coal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"mhr:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"fire (of weapons)"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"fire",
"fire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, military) fire (of weapons)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gleam, flame, passion, fervor/fervour, ardor/ardour"
],
"links": [
[
"gleam",
"gleam"
],
[
"flame",
"flame"
],
[
"passion",
"passion"
],
[
"fervor",
"fervor"
],
[
"fervour",
"fervour"
],
[
"ardor",
"ardor"
],
[
"ardour",
"ardour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) gleam, flame, passion, fervor/fervour, ardor/ardour"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"flames (e.g., of a war, revolution)"
],
"links": [
[
"flame",
"flame"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) flames (e.g., of a war, revolution)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tul/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
}
],
"word": "тул"
}
Download raw JSONL data for тул meaning in Eastern Mari (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Eastern Mari dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.