See turf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "turfgas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "turfsteker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "turfwinning"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*derbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "torf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch torf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*torf"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *torf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*turb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *turb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*turbz",
"4": "",
"5": "turf, lawn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *turbz (“turf, lawn”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*derbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "tuft, grass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“tuft, grass”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch torf, from Old Dutch *torf, from Proto-West Germanic *turb, from Proto-Germanic *turbz (“turf, lawn”), from Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“tuft, grass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "turven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turfje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "turf m (plural turven, diminutive turfje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"turf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"peat"
],
"id": "en-turf-nl-noun-nNxDJ1Gt",
"links": [
[
"peat",
"peat"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a tally mark representing five"
],
"id": "en-turf-nl-noun-RgX2-YY3",
"links": [
[
"tally",
"tally"
],
[
"five",
"five"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"a fat book, tome; a book containing many pages"
],
"id": "en-turf-nl-noun-YbxgKDgu",
"links": [
[
"fat",
"fat"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"tome",
"tome"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) a fat book, tome; a book containing many pages"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʏrf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-turf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/Nl-turf.ogg/Nl-turf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Nl-turf.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏrf"
}
],
"word": "turf"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "turf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"turf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 18 18 2 1 1 1 1 11 7 2 4 3 3 3 1 1 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 4 21 21 1 1 1 1 1 12 6 1 4 4 3 3 1 1 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 41 41 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "turven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of turven:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-turf-nl-verb-7wKh3fCb",
"links": [
[
"turven",
"turven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 6 18 18 2 1 1 1 1 11 7 2 4 3 3 3 1 1 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 4 21 21 1 1 1 1 1 12 6 1 4 4 3 3 1 1 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 41 41 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "turven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of turven:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-turf-nl-verb-DxVwFLhz",
"links": [
[
"turven",
"turven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of turven:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 41 41 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "turven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of turven:",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-turf-nl-verb-WtBglzpY",
"links": [
[
"turven",
"turven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʏrf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-turf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/Nl-turf.ogg/Nl-turf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Nl-turf.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏrf"
}
],
"word": "turf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *derbʰ-",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ʏrf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ʏrf/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "turfgas"
},
{
"word": "turfsteker"
},
{
"word": "turfwinning"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*derbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "torf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch torf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*torf"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *torf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*turb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *turb",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*turbz",
"4": "",
"5": "turf, lawn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *turbz (“turf, lawn”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*derbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "tuft, grass"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“tuft, grass”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch torf, from Old Dutch *torf, from Proto-West Germanic *turb, from Proto-Germanic *turbz (“turf, lawn”), from Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“tuft, grass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "turven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turfje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "turf m (plural turven, diminutive turfje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"turf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"peat"
],
"links": [
[
"peat",
"peat"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a tally mark representing five"
],
"links": [
[
"tally",
"tally"
],
[
"five",
"five"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"a fat book, tome; a book containing many pages"
],
"links": [
[
"fat",
"fat"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"tome",
"tome"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) a fat book, tome; a book containing many pages"
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʏrf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-turf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/Nl-turf.ogg/Nl-turf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Nl-turf.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏrf"
}
],
"word": "turf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ʏrf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ʏrf/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "turf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"turf"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "turven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of turven:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"turven",
"turven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "turven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of turven:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"turven",
"turven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of turven:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "turven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of turven:",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"turven",
"turven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʏrf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-turf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/Nl-turf.ogg/Nl-turf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Nl-turf.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏrf"
}
],
"word": "turf"
}
Download raw JSONL data for turf meaning in Dutch (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.