See stroef in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for stroef meaning in Dutch (4.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "stroef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: stroef",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: stroef (dated)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "struuf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch struuf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*strūf"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *strūf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūbaz",
"4": "",
"5": "stiff, rough, bristly, shaggy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūbaz (“stiff, rough, bristly, shaggy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*strewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *strewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*strewb-",
"3": "",
"4": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "*strewb- (“stiff”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "struuf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German struuf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stroef"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stroef",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "straub"
},
"expansion": "German straub",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "struppig"
},
"expansion": "struppig",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch struuf, from Old Dutch *strūf, from Proto-Germanic *strūbaz (“stiff, rough, bristly, shaggy”), from Proto-Indo-European *strewbʰ-, *strewb- (“stiff”). Cognate with Middle Low German struuf, West Frisian stroef, German straub and struppig.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stroever",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stroef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het stroefst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroevers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stroever"
},
"expansion": "stroef (comparative stroever, superlative stroefst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stroeve"
},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"rough, not smooth"
],
"id": "en-stroef-nl-adj-UEOGrP7M"
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult to move"
],
"id": "en-stroef-nl-adj-dJPgvZhj"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 35 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stiff, stern"
],
"id": "en-stroef-nl-adj-~7IwTEeo",
"links": [
[
"stiff",
"stiff"
],
[
"stern",
"stern"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-uf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-stroef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/Nl-stroef.ogg/Nl-stroef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Nl-stroef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "stroef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/uf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/uf/1 syllable"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "stroef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: stroef",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: stroef (dated)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "struuf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch struuf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*strūf"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *strūf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūbaz",
"4": "",
"5": "stiff, rough, bristly, shaggy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūbaz (“stiff, rough, bristly, shaggy”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*strewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *strewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*strewb-",
"3": "",
"4": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "*strewb- (“stiff”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "struuf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German struuf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stroef"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stroef",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "straub"
},
"expansion": "German straub",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "struppig"
},
"expansion": "struppig",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch struuf, from Old Dutch *strūf, from Proto-Germanic *strūbaz (“stiff, rough, bristly, shaggy”), from Proto-Indo-European *strewbʰ-, *strewb- (“stiff”). Cognate with Middle Low German struuf, West Frisian stroef, German straub and struppig.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stroever",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stroef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het stroefst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroevers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stroever"
},
"expansion": "stroef (comparative stroever, superlative stroefst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stroeve"
},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"rough, not smooth"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult to move"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stiff, stern"
],
"links": [
[
"stiff",
"stiff"
],
[
"stern",
"stern"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-uf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-stroef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/Nl-stroef.ogg/Nl-stroef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Nl-stroef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "stroef"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.