See kroes in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "smeltkroes"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jvn",
"2": "krus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Caribbean Javanese: krus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Caribbean Javanese: krus"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "croese"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch croese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρωσσός",
"t": "pitcher, pail, urn"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρωσσός (krōssós, “pitcher, pail, urn”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch croese, possibly an old Germanic borrowing of Ancient Greek κρωσσός (krōssós, “pitcher, pail, urn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kroezen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroesje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-zen",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kroes m (plural kroezen, diminutive kroesje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kroes"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"chalice, cup, drinking vessel"
],
"id": "en-kroes-nl-noun-3PKD8uHK",
"links": [
[
"chalice",
"chalice"
],
[
"cup",
"cup"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 7 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vessel used for heating or smelting resources and raw materials"
],
"id": "en-kroes-nl-noun-72EOOLtG",
"links": [
[
"vessel",
"vessel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krus/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kroes.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/Nl-kroes.ogg/Nl-kroes.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Nl-kroes.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-us"
}
],
"word": "kroes"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kroes"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kroes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kroes"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "croes"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch croes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krūs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krūs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruzlǭ",
"t": "bent or crooked object, curl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruzlǭ (“bent or crooked object, curl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krul"
},
"expansion": "Dutch krul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gurus-",
"4": "",
"5": "twist, curl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gurus- (“twist, curl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گرس",
"3": "",
"4": "braid of hair",
"tr": "gors"
},
"expansion": "Persian گرس (gors, “braid of hair”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kraus"
},
"expansion": "German kraus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch croes, cruus, from Proto-West Germanic *krūs. Related with Proto-Germanic *kruzlǭ (“bent or crooked object, curl”), whence Dutch krul. Further origin unknown. Possibly from Pre-Germanic *grus-, contracted from Proto-Indo-European *gurus- (“twist, curl”), same source as Persian گرس (gors, “braid of hair”). Cognate with German kraus. The form with oe instead of expected ui is either a Hollandic relict form or from eastern dialects.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kroezer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "meest kroes",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kroezer"
},
"expansion": "kroes (comparative kroezer, superlative meest kroes or kroest)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kroes"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"frizzy, nappy"
],
"id": "en-kroes-nl-adj-I92YPGac",
"links": [
[
"frizzy",
"frizzy"
],
[
"nappy",
"nappy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krus/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kroes.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/Nl-kroes.ogg/Nl-kroes.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Nl-kroes.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-us"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs",
"Pre-Germanic"
],
"word": "kroes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/us",
"Rhymes:Dutch/us/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "smeltkroes"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jvn",
"2": "krus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Caribbean Javanese: krus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Caribbean Javanese: krus"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "croese"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch croese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρωσσός",
"t": "pitcher, pail, urn"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρωσσός (krōssós, “pitcher, pail, urn”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch croese, possibly an old Germanic borrowing of Ancient Greek κρωσσός (krōssós, “pitcher, pail, urn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kroezen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroesje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-zen",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kroes m (plural kroezen, diminutive kroesje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kroes"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"chalice, cup, drinking vessel"
],
"links": [
[
"chalice",
"chalice"
],
[
"cup",
"cup"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"vessel used for heating or smelting resources and raw materials"
],
"links": [
[
"vessel",
"vessel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krus/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kroes.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/Nl-kroes.ogg/Nl-kroes.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Nl-kroes.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-us"
}
],
"word": "kroes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/us",
"Rhymes:Dutch/us/1 syllable"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kroes"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kroes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kroes"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "croes"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch croes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krūs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krūs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruzlǭ",
"t": "bent or crooked object, curl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruzlǭ (“bent or crooked object, curl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krul"
},
"expansion": "Dutch krul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gurus-",
"4": "",
"5": "twist, curl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gurus- (“twist, curl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گرس",
"3": "",
"4": "braid of hair",
"tr": "gors"
},
"expansion": "Persian گرس (gors, “braid of hair”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kraus"
},
"expansion": "German kraus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch croes, cruus, from Proto-West Germanic *krūs. Related with Proto-Germanic *kruzlǭ (“bent or crooked object, curl”), whence Dutch krul. Further origin unknown. Possibly from Pre-Germanic *grus-, contracted from Proto-Indo-European *gurus- (“twist, curl”), same source as Persian گرس (gors, “braid of hair”). Cognate with German kraus. The form with oe instead of expected ui is either a Hollandic relict form or from eastern dialects.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kroezer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "meest kroes",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kroezer"
},
"expansion": "kroes (comparative kroezer, superlative meest kroes or kroest)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kroes"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"frizzy, nappy"
],
"links": [
[
"frizzy",
"frizzy"
],
[
"nappy",
"nappy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krus/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kroes.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/Nl-kroes.ogg/Nl-kroes.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Nl-kroes.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-us"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs",
"Pre-Germanic"
],
"word": "kroes"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kroes meaning in Dutch (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.