"kool" meaning in Dutch

See kool in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /koːl/ Audio: Nl-kool.ogg Forms: kolen [plural], kooltje [diminutive, neuter]
Rhymes: -oːl Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *keh₂ulisder. Latin caulisbor. Old Dutch *kōl /*kōla Middle Dutch col /cole Dutch kool From Middle Dutch col, cole, from Old Dutch *kōl, *kōla, from Latin caulis. Etymology templates: {{ety|nl|:inh|dum:col//cole<ety:inh<odt:*kōl//*kōla<ety:bor<la:caulis>>>>|tree=+}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *keh₂ulisder. Latin caulisbor. Old Dutch *kōl /*kōla Middle Dutch col /cole Dutch kool [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*keh₂ulis", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "caulis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Dutch", "term" : "*kōl\/\/*kōla", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "odt" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle Dutch", "term" : "col\/\/cole", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "dum" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Dutch", "term" : "kool", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "nl" }" data-lang="nl" data-title="kool">, {{etymid|nl|cabbage}}, {{inh|nl|dum|col}} Middle Dutch col, {{inh|nl|odt|*kōl}} Old Dutch *kōl, {{der|nl|la|caulis}} Latin caulis Head templates: {{nl-noun|f|-en|+}} kool f (plural kolen, diminutive kooltje n)
  1. a cabbage, plant of genus Brassica Tags: feminine Hypernyms: kruisbloem
    Sense id: en-kool-nl-noun-mUv0uvOK Categories (other): Brassicas, Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header, Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters Disambiguation of Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header: 1 0 0 1 22 19 25 0 0 5 0 9 6 10 1 0 Disambiguation of Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters: 1 0 0 1 21 19 25 0 0 5 0 9 6 10 1 0
  2. (particularly) the edible leaves of a Brassica Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-kool-nl-noun-~HZ9C9On Categories (other): Vegetables, Pages with entries, Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header, Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters, Dutch entries with etymology trees, Dutch entries with etymon, Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 1 0 1 14 9 11 0 0 4 1 21 18 19 1 0 Disambiguation of Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header: 1 0 0 1 22 19 25 0 0 5 0 9 6 10 1 0 Disambiguation of Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters: 1 0 0 1 21 19 25 0 0 5 0 9 6 10 1 0 Disambiguation of Dutch entries with etymology trees: 38 62 Disambiguation of Dutch entries with etymon: 39 61 Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 41 56 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 41 59 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 39 61 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 44 56
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated

Noun

IPA: /koːl/ Audio: Nl-kool.ogg Forms: kolen [plural], kooltje [diminutive, neuter]
Rhymes: -oːl Etymology: From Middle Dutch cole, from Old Dutch *kol, *kolo, from Proto-West Germanic *kol, from Proto-Germanic *kulą, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷol-, from *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”). May originate from a neuter plurale tantum that was reanalysed as a feminine singular; compare Old Norse kol. Cognate with West Frisian koal, German Kohle, English coal, Danish kul. Etymology templates: {{etymid|nl|coal}}, {{inh|nl|dum|cole}} Middle Dutch cole, {{inh|nl|odt|*kol}} Old Dutch *kol, {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*kol}} Proto-West Germanic *kol, {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*kulą}} Proto-Germanic *kulą, {{der|nl|ine-pro|*gʷol-}} Proto-Indo-European *gʷol-, {{cog|non|kol}} Old Norse kol, {{cog|fy|koal}} West Frisian koal, {{cog|de|Kohle}} German Kohle, {{cog|en|coal}} English coal, {{cog|da|kul}} Danish kul Head templates: {{nl-noun|f|-en|+}} kool f (plural kolen, diminutive kooltje n)
  1. coal Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-kool-nl-noun-bRFMlfv1
  2. carbon Tags: feminine Synonyms (carbon): koolstof
    Sense id: en-kool-nl-noun-KNedUP9R Disambiguation of 'carbon': 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: actieve kool, bruinkool, houtskool, kooldioxide, koolmonoxide, koolstof, steenkool, verkolen
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bloemkool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "boerenkool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Chinese kool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "groeien als kool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "koolraap"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "koolsla"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "koolwater"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "koolwitje"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rode kool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "spitskool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "spruitkool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "witte kool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "wittekool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zandkool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zuurkool"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "lang_code": "af",
      "word": "kool"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Jersey Dutch",
      "lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
      "word": "kôl"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Negerhollands",
      "lang_code": "dcr",
      "word": "kool"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Caribbean Hindustani",
      "lang_code": "hns",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "koro"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "lang_code": "zh",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "tags": [
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "高麗菜"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "lang_code": "zh",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "tags": [
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "高丽菜"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Hokkien",
      "lang_code": "nan-hbl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed",
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "高麗菜"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "lang_code": "zh",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "tags": [
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "高麗菜"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "lang_code": "zh",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "tags": [
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "高丽菜"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Hokkien",
      "lang_code": "nan-hbl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed",
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "高丽菜"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kol"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Mahican",
      "lang_code": "mjy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gónan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Papiamentu",
      "lang_code": "pap",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kolo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sranan Tongo",
      "lang_code": "srn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kolo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Teochew",
      "lang_code": "nan-tws",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Teochew",
      "lang_code": "nan-tws",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "go¹ lê⁶",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "高麗"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Teochew",
      "lang_code": "nan-tws",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "go¹ lê⁶",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "高丽"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "dum:col//cole<ety:inh<odt:*kōl//*kōla<ety:bor<la:caulis>>>>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *keh₂ulisder.\nLatin caulisbor.\nOld Dutch *kōl /*kōla\nMiddle Dutch col /cole\nDutch kool\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*keh₂ulis\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"caulis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Dutch\", \"term\" : \"*kōl\\/\\/*kōla\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"col\\/\\/cole\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Dutch\", \"term\" : \"kool\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"nl\" }\" data-lang=\"nl\" data-title=\"kool\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "cabbage"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "col"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch col",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kōl"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kōl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "caulis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caulis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *keh₂ulisder.\nLatin caulisbor.\nOld Dutch *kōl /*kōla\nMiddle Dutch col /cole\nDutch kool\nFrom Middle Dutch col, cole, from Old Dutch *kōl, *kōla, from Latin caulis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kolen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kooltje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "kool f (plural kolen, diminutive kooltje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "kool"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "nl",
          "name": "Brassicas",
          "orig": "nl:Brassicas",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 0 1 22 19 25 0 0 5 0 9 6 10 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 0 1 21 19 25 0 0 5 0 9 6 10 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a cabbage, plant of genus Brassica"
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "kruisbloem"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-kool-nl-noun-mUv0uvOK",
      "links": [
        [
          "cabbage",
          "cabbage"
        ],
        [
          "genus",
          "genus"
        ],
        [
          "Brassica",
          "Brassica#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "nl",
          "name": "Vegetables",
          "orig": "nl:Vegetables",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 1 0 1 14 9 11 0 0 4 1 21 18 19 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 0 1 22 19 25 0 0 5 0 9 6 10 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 0 0 1 21 19 25 0 0 5 0 9 6 10 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 56 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the edible leaves of a Brassica"
      ],
      "id": "en-kool-nl-noun-~HZ9C9On",
      "links": [
        [
          "edible",
          "edible"
        ],
        [
          "leave",
          "leave"
        ],
        [
          "Brassica",
          "Brassica#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "particularly",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(particularly) the edible leaves of a Brassica"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/koːl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kool.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/Nl-kool.ogg/Nl-kool.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Nl-kool.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oːl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kool"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "actieve kool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bruinkool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "houtskool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kooldioxide"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "koolmonoxide"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "koolstof"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "steenkool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "verkolen"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "lang_code": "af",
      "word": "kool"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Negerhollands",
      "lang_code": "dcr",
      "word": "kool"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "cole"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch cole",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kol"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kol",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kol"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kol",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kulą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kulą",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷol-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷol-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "kol"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse kol",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "koal"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian koal",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kohle"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kohle",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "English coal",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "kul"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish kul",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch cole, from Old Dutch *kol, *kolo, from Proto-West Germanic *kol, from Proto-Germanic *kulą, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷol-, from *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”).\nMay originate from a neuter plurale tantum that was reanalysed as a feminine singular; compare Old Norse kol. Cognate with West Frisian koal, German Kohle, English coal, Danish kul.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kolen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kooltje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "kool f (plural kolen, diminutive kooltje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "kool"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "coal"
      ],
      "id": "en-kool-nl-noun-bRFMlfv1",
      "links": [
        [
          "coal",
          "coal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "carbon"
      ],
      "id": "en-kool-nl-noun-KNedUP9R",
      "links": [
        [
          "carbon",
          "carbon"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "sense": "carbon",
          "word": "koolstof"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/koːl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kool.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/Nl-kool.ogg/Nl-kool.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Nl-kool.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oːl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kool"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with etymology trees",
    "Dutch entries with etymon",
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch feminine nouns",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch terms derived from Latin",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/oːl",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/oːl/1 syllable",
    "Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
    "Yucatec Maya lemmas",
    "Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Yucatec Maya nouns",
    "Yucatec Maya transitive verbs",
    "Yucatec Maya verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bloemkool"
    },
    {
      "word": "boerenkool"
    },
    {
      "word": "Chinese kool"
    },
    {
      "word": "groeien als kool"
    },
    {
      "word": "koolraap"
    },
    {
      "word": "koolsla"
    },
    {
      "word": "koolwater"
    },
    {
      "word": "koolwitje"
    },
    {
      "word": "rode kool"
    },
    {
      "word": "spitskool"
    },
    {
      "word": "spruitkool"
    },
    {
      "word": "witte kool"
    },
    {
      "word": "wittekool"
    },
    {
      "word": "zandkool"
    },
    {
      "word": "zuurkool"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "lang_code": "af",
      "word": "kool"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Jersey Dutch",
      "lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
      "word": "kôl"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Negerhollands",
      "lang_code": "dcr",
      "word": "kool"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Caribbean Hindustani",
      "lang_code": "hns",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "koro"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "lang_code": "zh",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "tags": [
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "高麗菜"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "lang_code": "zh",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "tags": [
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "高丽菜"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Hokkien",
      "lang_code": "nan-hbl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed",
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "高麗菜"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "lang_code": "zh",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "tags": [
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "高麗菜"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "lang_code": "zh",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "tags": [
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "高丽菜"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Hokkien",
      "lang_code": "nan-hbl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed",
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "高丽菜"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kol"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Mahican",
      "lang_code": "mjy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "gónan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Papiamentu",
      "lang_code": "pap",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kolo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sranan Tongo",
      "lang_code": "srn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kolo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Teochew",
      "lang_code": "nan-tws",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Teochew",
      "lang_code": "nan-tws",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "go¹ lê⁶",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "高麗"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Teochew",
      "lang_code": "nan-tws",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "go¹ lê⁶",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "高丽"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "dum:col//cole<ety:inh<odt:*kōl//*kōla<ety:bor<la:caulis>>>>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *keh₂ulisder.\nLatin caulisbor.\nOld Dutch *kōl /*kōla\nMiddle Dutch col /cole\nDutch kool\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*keh₂ulis\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"caulis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Dutch\", \"term\" : \"*kōl\\/\\/*kōla\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"col\\/\\/cole\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Dutch\", \"term\" : \"kool\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"nl\" }\" data-lang=\"nl\" data-title=\"kool\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "cabbage"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "col"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch col",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kōl"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kōl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "caulis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caulis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *keh₂ulisder.\nLatin caulisbor.\nOld Dutch *kōl /*kōla\nMiddle Dutch col /cole\nDutch kool\nFrom Middle Dutch col, cole, from Old Dutch *kōl, *kōla, from Latin caulis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kolen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kooltje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "kool f (plural kolen, diminutive kooltje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "kool"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "nl:Brassicas"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a cabbage, plant of genus Brassica"
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "kruisbloem"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cabbage",
          "cabbage"
        ],
        [
          "genus",
          "genus"
        ],
        [
          "Brassica",
          "Brassica#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "nl:Vegetables"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the edible leaves of a Brassica"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "edible",
          "edible"
        ],
        [
          "leave",
          "leave"
        ],
        [
          "Brassica",
          "Brassica#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "particularly",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(particularly) the edible leaves of a Brassica"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/koːl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kool.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/Nl-kool.ogg/Nl-kool.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Nl-kool.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oːl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kool"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch feminine nouns",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/oːl",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/oːl/1 syllable",
    "Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
    "Yucatec Maya lemmas",
    "Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Yucatec Maya nouns",
    "Yucatec Maya transitive verbs",
    "Yucatec Maya verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "actieve kool"
    },
    {
      "word": "bruinkool"
    },
    {
      "word": "houtskool"
    },
    {
      "word": "kooldioxide"
    },
    {
      "word": "koolmonoxide"
    },
    {
      "word": "koolstof"
    },
    {
      "word": "steenkool"
    },
    {
      "word": "verkolen"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "lang_code": "af",
      "word": "kool"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Negerhollands",
      "lang_code": "dcr",
      "word": "kool"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "cole"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch cole",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kol"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kol",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kol"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kol",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kulą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kulą",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷol-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷol-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "kol"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse kol",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "koal"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian koal",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kohle"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kohle",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "English coal",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "kul"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish kul",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch cole, from Old Dutch *kol, *kolo, from Proto-West Germanic *kol, from Proto-Germanic *kulą, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷol-, from *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”).\nMay originate from a neuter plurale tantum that was reanalysed as a feminine singular; compare Old Norse kol. Cognate with West Frisian koal, German Kohle, English coal, Danish kul.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kolen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kooltje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "kool f (plural kolen, diminutive kooltje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "kool"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "coal"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "coal",
          "coal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "carbon"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "carbon",
          "carbon"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/koːl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kool.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/Nl-kool.ogg/Nl-kool.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Nl-kool.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oːl"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "carbon",
      "word": "koolstof"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kool"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kool meaning in Dutch (9.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.