"-esse" meaning in Dutch

See -esse in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /ˈɛ.sə/ Forms: -essen [plural], -esses [plural]
Etymology: From Middle Dutch -esse, borrowed from Old Northern French -esse, from Late Latin -issa (as in abbātissa (“abbess”)). Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|dum|-esse}} Middle Dutch -esse, {{der|nl|fro-nor|-esse}} Old Northern French -esse, {{der|nl|la-lat|-issa}} Late Latin -issa Head templates: {{nl-noun|f|-en,-s|-}} -esse f (noun-forming suffix, plural -essen or -esses, no diminutive)
  1. creates the female form of some persons or occupations, as English -ess Tags: feminine, morpheme, no-diminutive
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "-esse",
      "-esse#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "-esse",
      "-esse#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "-issa",
      "-issa#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "abbātissa",
      "abbatissa#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "-esse"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch -esse",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "fro-nor",
        "3": "-esse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Northern French -esse",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "-issa"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin -issa",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch -esse, borrowed from Old Northern French -esse, from Late Latin -issa (as in abbātissa (“abbess”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-essen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-esses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "-en,-s",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "-esse f (noun-forming suffix, plural -essen or -esses, no diminutive)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 8 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "eigenaar (“owner”) + -esse → eigenaresse (“female owner”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "secretar(is) (“secretary, receptionist”) + -esse → secretaresse (“female secretary, female receptionist”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "creates the female form of some persons or occupations, as English -ess"
      ],
      "id": "en--esse-nl-suffix-5sUSulha",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ess",
          "-ess#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "morpheme",
        "no-diminutive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛ.sə/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-esse"
}
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "-esse",
      "-esse#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "-esse",
      "-esse#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "-issa",
      "-issa#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "abbātissa",
      "abbatissa#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "-esse"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch -esse",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "fro-nor",
        "3": "-esse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Northern French -esse",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "-issa"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin -issa",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch -esse, borrowed from Old Northern French -esse, from Late Latin -issa (as in abbātissa (“abbess”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-essen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-esses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "-en,-s",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "-esse f (noun-forming suffix, plural -essen or -esses, no diminutive)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
        "Dutch feminine suffixes",
        "Dutch lemmas",
        "Dutch links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Dutch noun-forming suffixes",
        "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
        "Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
        "Dutch suffixes",
        "Dutch terms derived from Late Latin",
        "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
        "Dutch terms derived from Old Northern French",
        "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
        "Pages using catfix",
        "Pages with 8 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "eigenaar (“owner”) + -esse → eigenaresse (“female owner”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "secretar(is) (“secretary, receptionist”) + -esse → secretaresse (“female secretary, female receptionist”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "creates the female form of some persons or occupations, as English -ess"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ess",
          "-ess#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "morpheme",
        "no-diminutive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛ.sə/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-esse"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -esse meaning in Dutch (1.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
  "path": [
    "-esse"
  ],
  "section": "Dutch",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-esse",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.