"杭州" meaning in Chinese

See 杭州 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /xɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /hɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /hɔŋ²² t͡siu³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA, Taicheng, Taishanese], /hoŋ¹¹ t͡su²⁴/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /hɔŋ¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /houŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒieu⁵⁵/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /haŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /haŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /xɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/, /hɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/, /hɔŋ²² t͡siu³³/, /hoŋ¹¹ t͡su²⁴/, /hɔŋ¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/, /houŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒieu⁵⁵/, /haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/, /haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/, /haŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/, /haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/, /haŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/, /haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/, /ɦɑ̃²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/ Chinese transliterations: Hángzhōu [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄏㄤˊ ㄓㄡ [Mandarin, bopomofo], hong⁴ zau¹ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], hong³ ziu¹ [Cantonese, Taishan, Wiktionary-specific], Hòng-chû [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], hong² zu¹ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], Hòng-ciŭ, Hâng-chiu [Hokkien, POJ], hang⁵ ziu¹ [Peng'im, Teochew], ⁶ghaon-tseu, Hángzhōu [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], Hángjhou [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], Hang²-chou¹ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], Háng-jōu [Mandarin, Yale], Harngjou [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], Ханчжоу [Mandarin, Palladius], Xančžou [Mandarin, Palladius], hong⁴ zau¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], hòhng jāu [Cantonese, Yale], hong⁴ dzau¹ [Cantonese, Pinyin], hong⁴ zeo¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], hong³ ziu¹ [Cantonese, Taicheng, Taishanese, Wiktionary-specific], Hòng-chû [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], hong^ˇ zu^ˊ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], hong² zu¹ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], Hòng-ciŭ [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], Hâng-tsiu [Hokkien, Tai-lo], hangciw [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], hâng tsiu [POJ, Teochew], ⁶ghaon-tseu [Northern, Wu], ghaon^去 tseu [Northern, Wu], ³hhaan-tseu [Northern, Wu], /ɦɑ̃²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/ [Northern, Wu]
Etymology: The province's name derived from 餘杭/余杭 (Yúháng), traditionally glossed as a mistake for 禹航 (“Yu's ferry”) but more likely a transcription into Old Chinese characters of a native Proto-Wu placename. Etymology templates: {{zh-l|餘杭}} 餘杭/余杭 (Yúháng), {{zh-l|禹航|Yu's ferry}} 禹航 (“Yu's ferry”), {{bor|cmn|wuu|-}} Wu Head templates: {{head|zh|proper noun}} 杭州
  1. (~市) Hangzhou (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Zhejiang, China) Categories (place): Cities in China, Cities in Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Places in China, Places in Zhejiang
    Sense id: en-杭州-zh-name-OGCd9f7t Categories (other): Provincial capitals of China, Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 63 16 21 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 24 6 11 29 29 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 5 8 30 30
  2. (~灣) Hangzhou Bay (the adjacent bay of the East China Sea, separating Shanghai from Ningbo) Categories (place): Bays
    Sense id: en-杭州-zh-name-HSnKX93Y
  3. (historical) Hang Prefecture or Province (former division of imperial China) Tags: historical Categories (place): Historical political subdivisions, Places in China
    Sense id: en-杭州-zh-name-ZPZHepqu Categories (other): Pages with 4 entries Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 24 6 11 29 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: (háng) [city, cities, region, location], 武林 (wǔlín) [historical, poetic] [city, cities, region, location], 臨安 (Lín'ān) [historical] [city, cities, region, location], 临安 (Lín'ān) [historical] [city, cities, region, location], 行在 (Xíngzài) [historical] [city, cities, region, location], 錢塘 (Qiántáng) [historical] [city, cities, region, location], 钱塘 (Qiántáng) [historical] [city, cities, region, location] Derived forms: 蘇杭 (Sūháng), 苏杭 (Sūháng)

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Sūháng",
      "word": "蘇杭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Sūháng",
      "word": "苏杭"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "杭州"
          },
          "expansion": "杭州",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "杭%州",
            "2": "^こう%しゅう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "杭(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "^항주(杭州)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 항주(杭州) (Hangju)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "Hàng Châu",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "杭州"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Hàng Châu (杭州)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "杭州",
            "2": "^こう%しゅう",
            "3": "^항주",
            "4": "Hàng Châu",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "杭州",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "杭州",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "杭%州",
            "v": "杭州",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (杭州):\n* → Japanese: 杭(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)\n* → Korean: 항주(杭州) (Hangju)\n* → Vietnamese: Hàng Châu (杭州)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "^こう%しゅう",
            "3": "^항주",
            "4": "Hàng Châu",
            "j": "杭%州"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (杭州):\n* → Japanese: 杭(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)\n* → Korean: 항주(杭州) (Hangju)\n* → Vietnamese: Hàng Châu (杭州)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (杭州):\n* → Japanese: 杭(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)\n* → Korean: 항주(杭州) (Hangju)\n* → Vietnamese: Hàng Châu (杭州)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "餘杭"
      },
      "expansion": "餘杭/余杭 (Yúháng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "禹航",
        "2": "Yu's ferry"
      },
      "expansion": "禹航 (“Yu's ferry”)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cmn",
        "2": "wuu",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Wu",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The province's name derived from 餘杭/余杭 (Yúháng), traditionally glossed as a mistake for 禹航 (“Yu's ferry”) but more likely a transcription into Old Chinese characters of a native Proto-Wu placename.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "杭州",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Cities in China",
          "orig": "zh:Cities in China",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Cities in Zhejiang",
          "orig": "zh:Cities in Zhejiang",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Hangzhou",
          "orig": "zh:Hangzhou",
          "parents": [
            "Zhejiang",
            "China",
            "Asia",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in China",
          "orig": "zh:Places in China",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in Zhejiang",
          "orig": "zh:Places in Zhejiang",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Provincial capitals of China",
          "orig": "zh:Provincial capitals of China",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 16 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 6 11 29 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 5 8 30 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hangzhou (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Zhejiang, China)"
      ],
      "id": "en-杭州-zh-name-OGCd9f7t",
      "links": [
        [
          "市",
          "市#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Hangzhou",
          "Hangzhou#English"
        ],
        [
          "provincial capital",
          "provincial capital"
        ],
        [
          "Zhejiang",
          "Zhejiang#English"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~市) Hangzhou (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Zhejiang, China)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Bays",
          "orig": "zh:Bays",
          "parents": [
            "Bodies of water",
            "Places",
            "Landforms",
            "Water",
            "Names",
            "Earth",
            "Liquids",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Nature",
            "Matter",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Chemistry",
            "Lemmas",
            "Sciences"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hangzhou Bay (the adjacent bay of the East China Sea, separating Shanghai from Ningbo)"
      ],
      "id": "en-杭州-zh-name-HSnKX93Y",
      "links": [
        [
          "~灣",
          "杭州灣#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Hangzhou Bay",
          "Hangzhou Bay#English"
        ],
        [
          "adjacent",
          "adjacent"
        ],
        [
          "bay",
          "bay"
        ],
        [
          "East China Sea",
          "East China Sea#English"
        ],
        [
          "separating",
          "separating"
        ],
        [
          "Shanghai",
          "Shanghai"
        ],
        [
          "Ningbo",
          "Ningbo"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~灣) Hangzhou Bay (the adjacent bay of the East China Sea, separating Shanghai from Ningbo)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Historical political subdivisions",
          "orig": "zh:Historical political subdivisions",
          "parents": [
            "Political subdivisions",
            "Polities",
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in China",
          "orig": "zh:Places in China",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 6 11 29 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hang Prefecture or Province (former division of imperial China)"
      ],
      "id": "en-杭州-zh-name-ZPZHepqu",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hang",
          "Hang#English"
        ],
        [
          "Prefecture",
          "prefecture#English"
        ],
        [
          "Province",
          "province#English"
        ],
        [
          "division",
          "division"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) Hang Prefecture or Province (former division of imperial China)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hángzhōu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄏㄤˊ ㄓㄡ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong⁴ zau¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong³ ziu¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hòng-chû"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong² zu¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "Hòng-ciŭ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hâng-chiu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hang⁵ ziu¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶ghaon-tseu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hángzhōu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hángjhou"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hang²-chou¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Háng-jōu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Harngjou"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Ханчжоу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Xančžou"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong⁴ zau¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hòhng jāu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong⁴ dzau¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong⁴ zeo¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong³ ziu¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔŋ²² t͡siu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hòng-chû"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong^ˇ zu^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong² zu¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hoŋ¹¹ t͡su²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔŋ¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hòng-ciŭ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/houŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒieu⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hâng-tsiu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hangciw"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hâng tsiu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶ghaon-tseu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ghaon^去 tseu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³hhaan-tseu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ɦɑ̃²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔŋ²² t͡siu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hoŋ¹¹ t͡su²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔŋ¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/houŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒieu⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɦɑ̃²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "háng",
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "杭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "wǔlín",
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "poetic"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "武林"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Lín'ān",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "臨安"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Lín'ān",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "临安"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Xíngzài",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "行在"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Qiántáng",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "錢塘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Qiántáng",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "钱塘"
    }
  ],
  "word": "杭州"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese proper nouns",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 州",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 杭",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min proper nouns",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "Sūháng",
      "word": "蘇杭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sūháng",
      "word": "苏杭"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "杭州"
          },
          "expansion": "杭州",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "杭%州",
            "2": "^こう%しゅう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "杭(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "^항주(杭州)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 항주(杭州) (Hangju)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "Hàng Châu",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "杭州"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Hàng Châu (杭州)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "杭州",
            "2": "^こう%しゅう",
            "3": "^항주",
            "4": "Hàng Châu",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "杭州",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "杭州",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "杭%州",
            "v": "杭州",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (杭州):\n* → Japanese: 杭(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)\n* → Korean: 항주(杭州) (Hangju)\n* → Vietnamese: Hàng Châu (杭州)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "^こう%しゅう",
            "3": "^항주",
            "4": "Hàng Châu",
            "j": "杭%州"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (杭州):\n* → Japanese: 杭(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)\n* → Korean: 항주(杭州) (Hangju)\n* → Vietnamese: Hàng Châu (杭州)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (杭州):\n* → Japanese: 杭(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)\n* → Korean: 항주(杭州) (Hangju)\n* → Vietnamese: Hàng Châu (杭州)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "餘杭"
      },
      "expansion": "餘杭/余杭 (Yúháng)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "禹航",
        "2": "Yu's ferry"
      },
      "expansion": "禹航 (“Yu's ferry”)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cmn",
        "2": "wuu",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Wu",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The province's name derived from 餘杭/余杭 (Yúháng), traditionally glossed as a mistake for 禹航 (“Yu's ferry”) but more likely a transcription into Old Chinese characters of a native Proto-Wu placename.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "杭州",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "zh:Cities in China",
        "zh:Cities in Zhejiang",
        "zh:Hangzhou",
        "zh:Places in China",
        "zh:Places in Zhejiang",
        "zh:Provincial capitals of China"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hangzhou (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Zhejiang, China)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "市",
          "市#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Hangzhou",
          "Hangzhou#English"
        ],
        [
          "provincial capital",
          "provincial capital"
        ],
        [
          "Zhejiang",
          "Zhejiang#English"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~市) Hangzhou (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Zhejiang, China)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "zh:Bays"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hangzhou Bay (the adjacent bay of the East China Sea, separating Shanghai from Ningbo)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "~灣",
          "杭州灣#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Hangzhou Bay",
          "Hangzhou Bay#English"
        ],
        [
          "adjacent",
          "adjacent"
        ],
        [
          "bay",
          "bay"
        ],
        [
          "East China Sea",
          "East China Sea#English"
        ],
        [
          "separating",
          "separating"
        ],
        [
          "Shanghai",
          "Shanghai"
        ],
        [
          "Ningbo",
          "Ningbo"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~灣) Hangzhou Bay (the adjacent bay of the East China Sea, separating Shanghai from Ningbo)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese terms with historical senses",
        "zh:Historical political subdivisions",
        "zh:Places in China"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hang Prefecture or Province (former division of imperial China)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hang",
          "Hang#English"
        ],
        [
          "Prefecture",
          "prefecture#English"
        ],
        [
          "Province",
          "province#English"
        ],
        [
          "division",
          "division"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) Hang Prefecture or Province (former division of imperial China)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hángzhōu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄏㄤˊ ㄓㄡ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong⁴ zau¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong³ ziu¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hòng-chû"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong² zu¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "Hòng-ciŭ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hâng-chiu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hang⁵ ziu¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶ghaon-tseu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hángzhōu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hángjhou"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hang²-chou¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Háng-jōu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Harngjou"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Ханчжоу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Xančžou"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong⁴ zau¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hòhng jāu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong⁴ dzau¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong⁴ zeo¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong³ ziu¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔŋ²² t͡siu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hòng-chû"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong^ˇ zu^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hong² zu¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hoŋ¹¹ t͡su²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔŋ¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hòng-ciŭ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/houŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒieu⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Hâng-tsiu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hangciw"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hâng tsiu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶ghaon-tseu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ghaon^去 tseu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³hhaan-tseu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ɦɑ̃²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔŋ²² t͡siu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hoŋ¹¹ t͡su²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔŋ¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/houŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒieu⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɦɑ̃²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "háng",
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "杭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wǔlín",
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "poetic"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "武林"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Lín'ān",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "臨安"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Lín'ān",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "临安"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Xíngzài",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "行在"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Qiántáng",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "錢塘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Qiántáng",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "city",
        "cities",
        "region",
        "location"
      ],
      "word": "钱塘"
    }
  ],
  "word": "杭州"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 杭州 meaning in Chinese (9.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~市",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~市",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~灣",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~灣",
  "path": [
    "杭州"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "杭州",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.