"靉靆" meaning in Chinese

See 靉靆 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/, /ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/, /ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/, /ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/ Chinese transliterations: àidài [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], oi² doi⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], oi³ doi⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], ái-dâi, àidài [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], àidài [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], ai⁴-tai⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], ài-dài [Mandarin, Yale, standard], ayday [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], айдай [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], ajdaj [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], ói doih [Cantonese, Yale], oi doih [Cantonese, Yale], oi² doi⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], oi³ doi⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], oi² doi⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], oi³ doi⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], ái-dâi [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], 'ojH dojH [Middle-Chinese], /*qɯːds l'ɯːds/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Native reduplicative ideophone. Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 靉靆
  1. (literary, ideophonic, of clouds) thick Tags: ideophonic, literary
    Sense id: en-靉靆-zh-adj-exKR5-2K
  2. (literary, ideophonic, of the sky) gloomy; dark; cloudy Tags: ideophonic, literary
    Sense id: en-靉靆-zh-adj-y~d03Yo0 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Chinese phono-semantic matchings, Pages using bad params when calling Template:zh-psm Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 4 46 50 Disambiguation of Chinese phono-semantic matchings: 2 51 46 Disambiguation of Pages using bad params when calling Template:zh-psm: 0 67 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 氤氳靉靆, 氤氲叆叇
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/, /ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/, /ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/, /ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/ Chinese transliterations: àidài [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], oi² doi⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], oi³ doi⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], ái-dâi, àidài [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], àidài [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], ai⁴-tai⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], ài-dài [Mandarin, Yale, standard], ayday [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], айдай [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], ajdaj [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], ói doih [Cantonese, Yale], oi doih [Cantonese, Yale], oi² doi⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], oi³ doi⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], oi² doi⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], oi³ doi⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], ái-dâi [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], 'ojH dojH [Middle-Chinese], /*qɯːds l'ɯːds/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Phono-semantic matching of a word from an unidentified foreign language (pronounced ai-dai, ai-na, etc.), since the 15ᵗʰ century CE (Chiu, 1936). Frequently cited etymons are Arabic عُوَيْنات (ʕuwaynāt), الْعُوَيْنات (al-ʕuwaynāt, “spectacles”, literally “little eyes”) and Persian عینک ('eynak, “spectacles”), both derived from Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn, “eye”) (Chiu, 1936; Needham, 1962: 118–121; Hong, 1994; Chiu, 2015). Semantically, the sense “eyeglasses” was associated with Etymology 1, the interpretation being that eyeglasses are what cover the eyes to allow one to see more clearly, akin to the way clouds cover the sky, according to Liuqing rizha (《留青日札》, 1573 CE) by Ming-dynasty scholar Tian Yiheng. Etymology templates: {{zh-psm|notext=1}} Phono-semantic matching, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE, {{zh-ref|Chiu, 1936}} Chiu, 1936, {{bor|zh|ar|عُوَيْنات}} Arabic عُوَيْنات (ʕuwaynāt), {{m|ar|الْعُوَيْنات||spectacles|lit=little eyes}} الْعُوَيْنات (al-ʕuwaynāt, “spectacles”, literally “little eyes”), {{bor|zh|fa|عینک||spectacles|tr='eynak}} Persian عینک ('eynak, “spectacles”), {{cog|ar|عَيْن||eye}} Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn, “eye”), {{zh-ref|Chiu, 1936}} Chiu, 1936, {{zh-ref|Needham, 1962: 118–121}} Needham, 1962: 118–121, {{zh-ref|Hong, 1994}} Hong, 1994, {{zh-ref|Chiu, 2015}} Chiu, 2015, {{lang|zh|《留青日札》}} 《留青日札》, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 靉靆
  1. (literary, obsolete) eyeglasses; spectacles Tags: literary, obsolete
    Sense id: en-靉靆-zh-noun-FjiuTwU8 Categories (other): Chinese disyllabic morphemes, Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Chinese phono-semantic matchings Disambiguation of Chinese disyllabic morphemes: 13 38 48 Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 4 46 50 Disambiguation of Chinese phono-semantic matchings: 2 51 46 Synonyms: 靉靆 [Classical-Chinese], 眼鏡 [Classical-Chinese], 眼鏡 [formal, Standard-Chinese], 眼鏡兒 [Mandarin, Beijing], 眼鏡子 [Mandarin, Beijing], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Taiwan], 眼鏡兒 [Mandarin, Tianjin], 眼鏡兒 [Mandarin, Harbin], 鏡子 [Mandarin, Harbin], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Muping, Yantai], 眼鏡子 [Mandarin, Jinan], 鏡子 [Mandarin, Jinan], 眼鏡兒 [Mandarin, Luoyang], 二餅兒 derogatory [Mandarin, Luoyang], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Wanrong], 鏡子 dated [Mandarin, Wanrong], 二柄子 derogatory [Mandarin, Wanrong], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Zhengzhou], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Xi'an], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Yinchuan], 眼鏡子 [Mandarin, Lanzhou], 鏡子 [Mandarin, Lanzhou], 二軲轆 humorous [Mandarin, Lanzhou], 眼鏡兒 [Mandarin, Xining], 眼鏡兒子 [Mandarin, Xining], 眼鏡子 [Mandarin, Ürümqi], 鏡子 [Mandarin, Ürümqi], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Wuhan], 鏡子 dated [Mandarin, Wuhan], 玻璃 humorous [Mandarin, Wuhan], 眼鏡兒 [Mandarin], 眼鏡兒 [Mandarin, Chengdu], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Chengdu], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Guiyang], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Guilin], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Liuzhou], 二餅 humorous [Mandarin, Xuzhou], 眼鏡子 [Mandarin, Yangzhou], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Nanjing], 二餅 humorous [Mandarin, Nanjing], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Malaysia], 眼鏡 [Mandarin, Singapore], 眼鏡子 [Mandarin], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Guangzhou], 眼枷 [Cantonese, Guangzhou], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Hong-Kong], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Hong-Kong, Kam-Tin-Weitou], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Macau], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Panyu], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Huadu, Guangzhou, Huashan], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Conghua, Guangzhou], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Zengcheng], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Foshan], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Nanhai, Foshan, Shatou], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Foshan, Shunde], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Foshan, Sanshui], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Gaoming, Foshan, Mingcheng], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Shiqi, Zhongshan], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Qianshan, Zhuhai], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Doumen, Zhuhai], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Baisha, Jiangmen], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Jiangmen, Xinhui], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Taishan], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Chikan, Kaiping], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Enping, Niujiang], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Heshan, Yayao], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Dongguan], 二文錢 dated [Cantonese, Dongguan], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Bao'an, Shajing, Shenzhen], 眼鏡 [Cantonese], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Xinyi], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Lianjiang], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Nanning], 眼鏡 [Cantonese, Guangfu, Singapore], 眼鏡子 [Gan, Nanchang], 眼鏡 [Gan, Lichuan], 眼鏡 [Gan, Pingxiang], 目鏡 [Hakka, Meixian], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Meixian], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Huicheng-Bendihua, Huizhou], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Dongguan, Qingxi], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Nanlang-Heshui, Zhongshan], 眼鏡 [Hakka], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Conghua, Lütian], 目鏡 [Hakka, Jiexi], 目鏡 [Hakka], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Yudu], 目鏡 [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Northern], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Sixian, Pingtung], 目鏡 [Hakka, Sixian, Pingtung], 眼枷仔 [Hakka, Sixian, Kaohsiung], 目鏡 [Hakka, Hsinchu-County], 目鏡 [Hakka, Taichung], 目鏡 [Hakka, Yunlin], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Luchuan], 眼鏡 [Hakka, Sabah], 眼鏡 [Huizhou, Jixi], 眼鏡 [Jin, Taiyuan], 眼鏡 [Jin, Xinzhou], 二餅子 derogatory [Jin, Xinzhou], 眼鏡兒 [Jin, Hohhot], 眼鏡 [Jian'ou], 眼鏡, 眼鏡 [Fuzhou], 目鏡 [Xiamen], 目鏡 [Quanzhou], 目鏡 [Jinjiang], 目鏡 [Zhangzhou], 目鏡 [Kaohsiung], 目鏡 [Yilan], 目鏡 [Lukang], 目鏡 [Taichung], 目鏡 [Tainan], 目鏡, 目鏡 [Hokkien, Penang], 目鏡 [Hokkien, Singapore], 目鏡 [Hokkien, Manila], 目鏡 [Chaozhou], 目鏡 [Jieyang], 目鏡 [Phnom-Penh, Teochew], 目鏡 [Singapore, Teochew], 目鏡 [Leizhou], 目鏡 [Wenchang], 目鏡 [Haikou], 目鏡 [Puxian-Min], 眼鏡 [Southern-Pinghua, Nanning, Tingzi], 眼枷 [Southern-Pinghua, Nanning, Tingzi], 眼鏡子 [Guilin], 眼鏡 [Wu, Shanghai], 托力克 [Wu, Shanghai], 眼鏡 [Wu, Chongming, Shanghai], 眼鏡 [Wu, Suzhou], 眼鏡子 [Wu, Danyang], 眼鏡兒 [Wu, Hangzhou], 蔡眼 [Wu, Ningbo], 眼鏡 [Wu, Wenzhou], 眼視鏡 [Wu, Wenzhou], 眼鏡 [Wu, Jinhua], 眼鏡 [Xiang, Changsha], 眼鏡 [Xiang, Loudi], 眼鏡 [Xiang, Quanzhou]
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 靉靆 meaning in Chinese (18.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "氤氳靉靆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "氤氲叆叇"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_text": "Native reduplicative ideophone.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "靉靆",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "thick"
      ],
      "id": "en-靉靆-zh-adj-exKR5-2K",
      "links": [
        [
          "cloud",
          "cloud"
        ],
        [
          "thick",
          "thick"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary, ideophonic, of clouds) thick"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of clouds"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ideophonic",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 46 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 51 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese phono-semantic matchings",
          "parents": [
            "Phono-semantic matchings",
            "Borrowed terms",
            "Terms by etymology"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 67 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:zh-psm",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy; dark; cloudy"
      ],
      "id": "en-靉靆-zh-adj-y~d03Yo0",
      "links": [
        [
          "sky",
          "sky"
        ],
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ],
        [
          "cloudy",
          "cloudy"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary, ideophonic, of the sky) gloomy; dark; cloudy"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of the sky"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ideophonic",
        "literary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "ái-dâi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ai⁴-tai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ài-dài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ayday"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "айдай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ajdaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ói doih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi doih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ái-dâi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "'ojH dojH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*qɯːds l'ɯːds/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*qɯːds l'ɯːds/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "靉靆"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "靉靆"
          },
          "expansion": "靉靆",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "靉靆",
            "2": "あいたい",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "靉靆(あいたい) (aitai)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "靉靆",
            "2": "あいたい",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "靉靆",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "靉靆",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "靉靆",
            "v": "靉靆",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (靉靆):\n* → Japanese: 靉靆(あいたい) (aitai)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "あいたい"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (靉靆):\n* → Japanese: 靉靆(あいたい) (aitai)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (靉靆):\n* → Japanese: 靉靆(あいたい) (aitai)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic matching",
      "name": "zh-psm"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Chiu, 1936"
      },
      "expansion": "Chiu, 1936",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "عُوَيْنات"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic عُوَيْنات (ʕuwaynāt)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "الْعُوَيْنات",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spectacles",
        "lit": "little eyes"
      },
      "expansion": "الْعُوَيْنات (al-ʕuwaynāt, “spectacles”, literally “little eyes”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "fa",
        "3": "عینک",
        "4": "",
        "5": "spectacles",
        "tr": "'eynak"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian عینک ('eynak, “spectacles”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "عَيْن",
        "3": "",
        "4": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn, “eye”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Chiu, 1936"
      },
      "expansion": "Chiu, 1936",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Needham, 1962: 118–121"
      },
      "expansion": "Needham, 1962: 118–121",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Hong, 1994"
      },
      "expansion": "Hong, 1994",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Chiu, 2015"
      },
      "expansion": "Chiu, 2015",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "《留青日札》"
      },
      "expansion": "《留青日札》",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic matching of a word from an unidentified foreign language (pronounced ai-dai, ai-na, etc.), since the 15ᵗʰ century CE (Chiu, 1936). Frequently cited etymons are Arabic عُوَيْنات (ʕuwaynāt), الْعُوَيْنات (al-ʕuwaynāt, “spectacles”, literally “little eyes”) and Persian عینک ('eynak, “spectacles”), both derived from Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn, “eye”) (Chiu, 1936; Needham, 1962: 118–121; Hong, 1994; Chiu, 2015).\nSemantically, the sense “eyeglasses” was associated with Etymology 1, the interpretation being that eyeglasses are what cover the eyes to allow one to see more clearly, akin to the way clouds cover the sky, according to Liuqing rizha (《留青日札》, 1573 CE) by Ming-dynasty scholar Tian Yiheng.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "靉靆",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 38 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese disyllabic morphemes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 46 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 51 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese phono-semantic matchings",
          "parents": [
            "Phono-semantic matchings",
            "Borrowed terms",
            "Terms by etymology"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Ai-tai resemble big coins […] and their color is like talc. When eyes of old people are dizzy and tired, and cannot read fine print, they put ai-tai over their eyes, then their concentration will not be dispersed and the strokes of the characters will appear doubly clear. […] Ai-tai come from Malacca in the West [sic].",
          "ref": "靉靆如大錢……色如雲母。老人目力昏倦,不辨細書,以此掩目。精神不散,筆畫倍明。……出於西域滿利國。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "叆叇如大钱……色如云母。老人目力昏倦,不辨细书,以此掩目。精神不散,笔画倍明。……出于西域满利国。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: 16th century, Tian Yiheng (田藝蘅), 《留青日札》\nÀidài rú dàqián...... Sè rú yúnmǔ. Lǎorén mùlì hūnjuàn, bù biàn xìshū, yǐ cǐ yǎn mù. Jīngshén bù sàn, bǐhuà bèi míng....... Chū yú Xīyù Mǎnlìguó. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "alt. forms: 僾逮/𫣊逮, 矮納/矮纳"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eyeglasses; spectacles"
      ],
      "id": "en-靉靆-zh-noun-FjiuTwU8",
      "links": [
        [
          "eyeglasses",
          "eyeglasses"
        ],
        [
          "spectacles",
          "spectacles"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary, obsolete) eyeglasses; spectacles"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "Classical-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "靉靆"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Classical-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "formal",
            "Standard-Chinese"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Beijing"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Beijing"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Taiwan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Tianjin"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Harbin"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Harbin"
          ],
          "word": "鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Muping",
            "Yantai"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Jinan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Jinan"
          ],
          "word": "鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Luoyang"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Luoyang"
          ],
          "word": "二餅兒 derogatory"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Wanrong"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Wanrong"
          ],
          "word": "鏡子 dated"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Wanrong"
          ],
          "word": "二柄子 derogatory"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Zhengzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Xi'an"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Yinchuan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Lanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Lanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Lanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "二軲轆 humorous"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Xining"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Xining"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Ürümqi"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Ürümqi"
          ],
          "word": "鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Wuhan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Wuhan"
          ],
          "word": "鏡子 dated"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Wuhan"
          ],
          "word": "玻璃 humorous"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Chengdu"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Chengdu"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Guiyang"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Guilin"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Liuzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Xuzhou"
          ],
          "word": "二餅 humorous"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Yangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Nanjing"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Nanjing"
          ],
          "word": "二餅 humorous"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Malaysia"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Mandarin"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼枷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Hong-Kong"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Hong-Kong",
            "Kam-Tin-Weitou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Macau"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangzhou",
            "Panyu"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Huadu",
            "Guangzhou",
            "Huashan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Conghua",
            "Guangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangzhou",
            "Zengcheng"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Foshan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Nanhai",
            "Foshan",
            "Shatou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Foshan",
            "Shunde"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Foshan",
            "Sanshui"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Gaoming",
            "Foshan",
            "Mingcheng"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Shiqi",
            "Zhongshan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Qianshan",
            "Zhuhai"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Doumen",
            "Zhuhai"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Baisha",
            "Jiangmen"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Jiangmen",
            "Xinhui"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Taishan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Chikan",
            "Kaiping"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Enping",
            "Niujiang"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Heshan",
            "Yayao"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Dongguan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Dongguan"
          ],
          "word": "二文錢 dated"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Bao'an",
            "Shajing",
            "Shenzhen"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Xinyi"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Lianjiang"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Nanning"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Cantonese",
            "Guangfu",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Gan",
            "Nanchang"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Gan",
            "Lichuan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Gan",
            "Pingxiang"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Meixian"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Meixian"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Huicheng-Bendihua",
            "Huizhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Dongguan",
            "Qingxi"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Nanlang-Heshui",
            "Zhongshan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Conghua",
            "Lütian"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Jiexi"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Yudu"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sixian",
            "Miaoli",
            "Northern"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sixian",
            "Pingtung"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sixian",
            "Pingtung"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sixian",
            "Kaohsiung"
          ],
          "word": "眼枷仔"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Hsinchu-County"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Taichung"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Yunlin"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Luchuan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hakka",
            "Sabah"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Huizhou",
            "Jixi"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jin",
            "Taiyuan"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jin",
            "Xinzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jin",
            "Xinzhou"
          ],
          "word": "二餅子 derogatory"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jin",
            "Hohhot"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jian'ou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Fuzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiamen"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jinjiang"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Zhangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Kaohsiung"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Yilan"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Lukang"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Taichung"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Tainan"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Penang"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Singapore"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien",
            "Manila"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Chaozhou"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Jieyang"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Phnom-Penh",
            "Teochew"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Singapore",
            "Teochew"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Leizhou"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wenchang"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Haikou"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Puxian-Min"
          ],
          "word": "目鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southern-Pinghua",
            "Nanning",
            "Tingzi"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Southern-Pinghua",
            "Nanning",
            "Tingzi"
          ],
          "word": "眼枷"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Guilin"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Shanghai"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Shanghai"
          ],
          "word": "托力克"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Chongming",
            "Shanghai"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Suzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Danyang"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡子"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Hangzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡兒"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Ningbo"
          ],
          "word": "蔡眼"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Wenzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Wenzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼視鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Wu",
            "Jinhua"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiang",
            "Changsha"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiang",
            "Loudi"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Xiang",
            "Quanzhou"
          ],
          "word": "眼鏡"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "ái-dâi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ai⁴-tai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ài-dài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ayday"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "айдай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ajdaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ói doih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi doih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ái-dâi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "'ojH dojH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*qɯːds l'ɯːds/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*qɯːds l'ɯːds/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Phono-semantic matching"
  ],
  "word": "靉靆"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese disyllabic morphemes",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese phono-semantic matchings",
    "Chinese terms borrowed from Arabic",
    "Chinese terms borrowed from Persian",
    "Chinese terms derived from Arabic",
    "Chinese terms derived from Persian",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Eastern Min adjectives",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Pages using bad params when calling Template:zh-psm"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "氤氳靉靆"
    },
    {
      "word": "氤氲叆叇"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_text": "Native reduplicative ideophone.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "靉靆",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese literary terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "thick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cloud",
          "cloud"
        ],
        [
          "thick",
          "thick"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary, ideophonic, of clouds) thick"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of clouds"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ideophonic",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese literary terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy; dark; cloudy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sky",
          "sky"
        ],
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ],
        [
          "cloudy",
          "cloudy"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary, ideophonic, of the sky) gloomy; dark; cloudy"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of the sky"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ideophonic",
        "literary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "ái-dâi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ai⁴-tai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ài-dài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ayday"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "айдай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ajdaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ói doih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi doih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ái-dâi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "'ojH dojH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*qɯːds l'ɯːds/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*qɯːds l'ɯːds/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "靉靆"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese disyllabic morphemes",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese phono-semantic matchings",
    "Chinese terms borrowed from Arabic",
    "Chinese terms borrowed from Persian",
    "Chinese terms derived from Arabic",
    "Chinese terms derived from Persian",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Eastern Min adjectives",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Pages using bad params when calling Template:zh-psm"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "靉靆"
          },
          "expansion": "靉靆",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "靉靆",
            "2": "あいたい",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "靉靆(あいたい) (aitai)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "靉靆",
            "2": "あいたい",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "靉靆",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "靉靆",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "靉靆",
            "v": "靉靆",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (靉靆):\n* → Japanese: 靉靆(あいたい) (aitai)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "あいたい"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (靉靆):\n* → Japanese: 靉靆(あいたい) (aitai)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (靉靆):\n* → Japanese: 靉靆(あいたい) (aitai)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic matching",
      "name": "zh-psm"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Chiu, 1936"
      },
      "expansion": "Chiu, 1936",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "عُوَيْنات"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic عُوَيْنات (ʕuwaynāt)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "الْعُوَيْنات",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spectacles",
        "lit": "little eyes"
      },
      "expansion": "الْعُوَيْنات (al-ʕuwaynāt, “spectacles”, literally “little eyes”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "fa",
        "3": "عینک",
        "4": "",
        "5": "spectacles",
        "tr": "'eynak"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian عینک ('eynak, “spectacles”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "عَيْن",
        "3": "",
        "4": "eye"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn, “eye”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Chiu, 1936"
      },
      "expansion": "Chiu, 1936",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Needham, 1962: 118–121"
      },
      "expansion": "Needham, 1962: 118–121",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Hong, 1994"
      },
      "expansion": "Hong, 1994",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Chiu, 2015"
      },
      "expansion": "Chiu, 2015",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "《留青日札》"
      },
      "expansion": "《留青日札》",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic matching of a word from an unidentified foreign language (pronounced ai-dai, ai-na, etc.), since the 15ᵗʰ century CE (Chiu, 1936). Frequently cited etymons are Arabic عُوَيْنات (ʕuwaynāt), الْعُوَيْنات (al-ʕuwaynāt, “spectacles”, literally “little eyes”) and Persian عینک ('eynak, “spectacles”), both derived from Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn, “eye”) (Chiu, 1936; Needham, 1962: 118–121; Hong, 1994; Chiu, 2015).\nSemantically, the sense “eyeglasses” was associated with Etymology 1, the interpretation being that eyeglasses are what cover the eyes to allow one to see more clearly, akin to the way clouds cover the sky, according to Liuqing rizha (《留青日札》, 1573 CE) by Ming-dynasty scholar Tian Yiheng.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "靉靆",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese literary terms",
        "Chinese terms with obsolete senses",
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Ai-tai resemble big coins […] and their color is like talc. When eyes of old people are dizzy and tired, and cannot read fine print, they put ai-tai over their eyes, then their concentration will not be dispersed and the strokes of the characters will appear doubly clear. […] Ai-tai come from Malacca in the West [sic].",
          "ref": "靉靆如大錢……色如雲母。老人目力昏倦,不辨細書,以此掩目。精神不散,筆畫倍明。……出於西域滿利國。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "叆叇如大钱……色如云母。老人目力昏倦,不辨细书,以此掩目。精神不散,笔画倍明。……出于西域满利国。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: 16th century, Tian Yiheng (田藝蘅), 《留青日札》\nÀidài rú dàqián...... Sè rú yúnmǔ. Lǎorén mùlì hūnjuàn, bù biàn xìshū, yǐ cǐ yǎn mù. Jīngshén bù sàn, bǐhuà bèi míng....... Chū yú Xīyù Mǎnlìguó. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "alt. forms: 僾逮/𫣊逮, 矮納/矮纳"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eyeglasses; spectacles"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eyeglasses",
          "eyeglasses"
        ],
        [
          "spectacles",
          "spectacles"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary, obsolete) eyeglasses; spectacles"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "ái-dâi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄞˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "àidài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ai⁴-tai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ài-dài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ayday"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "айдай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ajdaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ói doih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi doih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi² doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oi³ doi⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ái-dâi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "'ojH dojH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*qɯːds l'ɯːds/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ai²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*qɯːds l'ɯːds/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "靉靆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "Standard-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Beijing"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Beijing"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Taiwan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tianjin"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Harbin"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Harbin"
      ],
      "word": "鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Muping",
        "Yantai"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Jinan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Jinan"
      ],
      "word": "鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Luoyang"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Luoyang"
      ],
      "word": "二餅兒 derogatory"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wanrong"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wanrong"
      ],
      "word": "鏡子 dated"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wanrong"
      ],
      "word": "二柄子 derogatory"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Zhengzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Xi'an"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yinchuan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Lanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Lanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Lanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "二軲轆 humorous"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Xining"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Xining"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Ürümqi"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Ürümqi"
      ],
      "word": "鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wuhan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wuhan"
      ],
      "word": "鏡子 dated"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wuhan"
      ],
      "word": "玻璃 humorous"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Chengdu"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Guiyang"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Guilin"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Liuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Xuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "二餅 humorous"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Nanjing"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Nanjing"
      ],
      "word": "二餅 humorous"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Malaysia"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼枷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Kam-Tin-Weitou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Macau"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Panyu"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Huadu",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Huashan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Conghua",
        "Guangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Zengcheng"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Nanhai",
        "Foshan",
        "Shatou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan",
        "Shunde"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Foshan",
        "Sanshui"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Gaoming",
        "Foshan",
        "Mingcheng"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Shiqi",
        "Zhongshan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Qianshan",
        "Zhuhai"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Doumen",
        "Zhuhai"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Doumen",
        "Zhuhai"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Baisha",
        "Jiangmen"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jiangmen",
        "Xinhui"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Chikan",
        "Kaiping"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Enping",
        "Niujiang"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Heshan",
        "Yayao"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Dongguan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Dongguan"
      ],
      "word": "二文錢 dated"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Bao'an",
        "Shajing",
        "Shenzhen"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Xinyi"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Lianjiang"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Nanning"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangfu",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Lichuan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Pingxiang"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Huicheng-Bendihua",
        "Huizhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Dongguan",
        "Qingxi"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Nanlang-Heshui",
        "Zhongshan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Conghua",
        "Lütian"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Jiexi"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yudu"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Northern"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Pingtung"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Pingtung"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ],
      "word": "眼枷仔"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ],
      "word": "眼枷仔"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hsinchu-County"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Taichung"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hsinchu-County"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Yunlin"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Luchuan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sabah"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Huizhou",
        "Jixi"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Xinzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Xinzhou"
      ],
      "word": "二餅子 derogatory"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Hohhot"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jinjiang"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Zhangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Kaohsiung"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Yilan"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lukang"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Taichung"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Taichung"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tainan"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Manila"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chaozhou"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jieyang"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Phnom-Penh",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Singapore",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Leizhou"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wenchang"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Haikou"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "word": "目鏡"
    },
    {
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Pinghua",
        "Nanning",
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Pinghua",
        "Nanning",
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "眼枷"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guilin"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "word": "托力克"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Chongming",
        "Shanghai"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Suzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Danyang"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡子"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Hangzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡兒"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Ningbo"
      ],
      "word": "蔡眼"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wenzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Wenzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼視鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Jinhua"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Changsha"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Loudi"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Xiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "word": "眼鏡"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Phono-semantic matching"
  ],
  "word": "靉靆"
}
{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
  "msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
  "path": [
    "靉靆",
    "zh-psm",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:checkparams:warn()",
    "extensionTag()"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "靉靆",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
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    "frame:preprocess()",
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    "#tag"
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "靉靆",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "靉靆",
  "trace": ""
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{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
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  "subsection": "",
  "title": "靉靆",
  "trace": ""
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{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "靉靆",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.