See 鐲子 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 鐲子 meaning in Chinese (7.0kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "鐲子",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 個/个",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 對/对",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 支",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 隻/只",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Jewelry",
"orig": "zh:Jewelry",
"parents": [
"Clothing",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bangle; rigid bracelet (Classifier: 個／个; 對／对; 支; 隻／只)"
],
"id": "en-鐲子-zh-noun-SGWC~e1-",
"links": [
[
"bangle",
"bangle"
],
[
"rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"bracelet",
"bracelet"
],
[
"個",
"個#Chinese"
],
[
"个",
"个#Chinese"
],
[
"對",
"對#Chinese"
],
[
"对",
"对#Chinese"
],
[
"支",
"支#Chinese"
],
[
"隻",
"隻#Chinese"
],
[
"只",
"只#Chinese"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "shǒuliàn",
"word": "手鏈"
},
{
"roman": "shǒuliàn",
"word": "手链"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Beijing"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "手鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Lanzhou"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xining"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xining"
],
"word": "手鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "梗子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "圈子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "手鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "手釧"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "手環仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin"
],
"word": "手鉗"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Jixi"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "手束"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "手環"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "手圈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "手環"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "手環"
},
{
"word": "手鉗"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "手環"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Chongming",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "手絞"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "手鐐兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "手圈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Loudi"
],
"word": "手圈子"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zhuózi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄨㄛˊ ˙ㄗ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "җуәзы"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "žuəzɨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "I-II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zuk⁶ zi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhuózi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄨㄛˊ ˙ㄗ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhuózi̊h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "cho²-tzŭ⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jwó-dz"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jwo.tzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжоцзы"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžoczy"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂuə²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "juhk jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzuk⁹ dzi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zug⁶ ji²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂuə²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː³⁵/"
}
],
"word": "鐲子"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "鐲子",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "shǒuliàn",
"word": "手鏈"
},
{
"roman": "shǒuliàn",
"word": "手链"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese nouns classified by 個/个",
"Chinese nouns classified by 對/对",
"Chinese nouns classified by 支",
"Chinese nouns classified by 隻/只",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dungan lemmas",
"Dungan nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"zh:Jewelry"
],
"glosses": [
"bangle; rigid bracelet (Classifier: 個／个; 對／对; 支; 隻／只)"
],
"links": [
[
"bangle",
"bangle"
],
[
"rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"bracelet",
"bracelet"
],
[
"個",
"個#Chinese"
],
[
"个",
"个#Chinese"
],
[
"對",
"對#Chinese"
],
[
"对",
"对#Chinese"
],
[
"支",
"支#Chinese"
],
[
"隻",
"隻#Chinese"
],
[
"只",
"只#Chinese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zhuózi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄨㄛˊ ˙ㄗ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "җуәзы"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "žuəzɨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "I-II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zuk⁶ zi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhuózi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄨㄛˊ ˙ㄗ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhuózi̊h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "cho²-tzŭ⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jwó-dz"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jwo.tzy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжоцзы"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžoczy"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂuə²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "juhk jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzuk⁹ dzi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zug⁶ ji²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂuə²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː³⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Beijing"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "手鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Lanzhou"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xining"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xining"
],
"word": "手鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "梗子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "圈子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "手鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "手釧"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "手環仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "手鈪"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin"
],
"word": "手鉗"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Jixi"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "手鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "手束"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "手環"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "手圈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "手環"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "手環"
},
{
"word": "手鉗"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "手環"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Chongming",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "鐲子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "鐲兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "鐲頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "手絞"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "手鐐兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "手鐲"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "手圈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Loudi"
],
"word": "手圈子"
}
],
"word": "鐲子"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.