See 牡 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 牡 meaning in Chinese (11.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "四牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "堅牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "坚牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "松葉牡丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "松叶牡丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "求牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牝牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牝牡驪黃"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牝牡骊黄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牝雞牡鳴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牝鸡牡鸣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mǔdān",
"word": "牡丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牡丹亭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Mǔdānjiāng",
"word": "牡丹江"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牡丹花"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牡菣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牡𬜤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mǔhāo",
"word": "牡蒿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mǔlì",
"word": "牡蠣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mǔlì",
"word": "牡蛎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牡鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "báimǔdān",
"word": "白牡丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "秋牡丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "野牡丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "門牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "门牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "關牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "关牡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "雉求牡匹"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ic",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牛",
"2": "丄",
"ls": "ic",
"t1": "cattle",
"t2": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 牛 (“cattle”) + 丄",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*上"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*土"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "aav"
},
"expansion": "Austroasiatic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*ɟm(oo)l",
"3": "",
"4": "male"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟm(oo)l (“male”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "ឈ្មោល",
"3": "",
"4": "to be male"
},
"expansion": "Khmer ឈ្មោល (chmool, “to be male”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "omx",
"2": "jmur",
"3": "jmūr ~ jmur",
"4": "male (elephant)"
},
"expansion": "Old Mon jmūr ~ jmur (“male (elephant)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*mɔːlʔ",
"3": "",
"4": "person; human being"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *mɔːlʔ (“person; human being”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mọi",
"3": "",
"4": "savage; barbarian"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese mọi (“savage; barbarian”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "mõl",
"3": "",
"4": "human being"
},
"expansion": "Muong mõl (“human being”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*c-mɔːlʔ",
"3": "",
"4": "digging stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *c-mɔːlʔ (“digging stick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okz",
"2": "cval",
"3": "",
"4": "to enter; to penetrate; (of animals) to copulate"
},
"expansion": "Old Khmer cval (“to enter; to penetrate; (of animals) to copulate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kjg",
"t": "to plant (rice) with a digging stick",
"tr": "cmɔɔl"
},
"expansion": "Khmu [script needed] (cmɔɔl, “to plant (rice) with a digging stick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Ferlus, 1987"
},
"expansion": "Ferlus, 1987",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler (2007)"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler (2007)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "畝",
"2": "cropland; mu (a Chinese measuring unit for area)"
},
"expansion": "畝 (OC *mɯʔ, “cropland; mu (a Chinese measuring unit for area)”)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 牛 (“cattle”) + 丄. Various explanations exist, some propose 丄 (here unrelated to 上) depicts a penis to represent “male”. Later 丄 came to be written 土. See also the etymology of this character.\nAustroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟm(oo)l (“male”) (whence Khmer ឈ្មោល (chmool, “to be male”)), Old Mon jmūr ~ jmur (“male (elephant)”), Proto-Waic *(k)mɔj (“(wild) ox; buffalo”), Proto-Vietic *mɔːlʔ (“person; human being”) (whence Vietnamese mọi (“savage; barbarian”), Muong mõl (“human being”)).\nAn oracle bone graph for this word shows a vertical stick on a horizontal ground, possibly because it had been intended for an obsolete homophone cognate with Proto-Vietic *c-mɔːlʔ (“digging stick”), which alongside \"male\" may derive from a stem represented in Old Khmer cval (“to enter; to penetrate; (of animals) to copulate”), Khmu [script needed] (cmɔɔl, “to plant (rice) with a digging stick”), [script needed] (crmɔɔl, “digging stick”) (ibid.; Ferlus, 1987). Schuessler (2007) further proposes a relationship with 畝 (OC *mɯʔ, “cropland; mu (a Chinese measuring unit for area)”) (ibid.); see there for more.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "牡",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "牝"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 50 0 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Fat and large are the stallions [/ male horses],On the plains of the far-distant borders.",
"ref": "From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Jiōngjiōng mǔ mǎ, zài jiōng zhī yě. [Pinyin]",
"text": "駉駉牡馬，在坰之野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]\n𬳶𬳶牡马，在坰之野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "From: Shuoyuan, circa 1ˢᵗ century BCE",
"roman": "Zài shòu zé mǔ wéi yáng ér pìn wéi yīn;....... [Pinyin]Among quadrupeds, male are yang and female are yin; ….",
"text": "在獸則牡為陽而牝為陰；……。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]\n在兽则牡为阳而牝为阴；……。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "animals"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male of animals"
],
"id": "en-牡-zh-character-hhEUNEMz",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"animals",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) male of animals"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "雄"
},
{
"word": "公"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 50 0 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male genitals"
],
"id": "en-牡-zh-character-nru-aVRQ",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"genitals",
"genitals"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) male genitals"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"bolt of door"
],
"id": "en-牡-zh-character-VhNoUDaC",
"links": [
[
"bolt",
"bolt"
],
[
"door",
"door"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) bolt of door"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"hill; hump"
],
"id": "en-牡-zh-character-n9EXSKQK",
"links": [
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"hump",
"hump"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) hill; hump"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used in 牡蠣／牡蛎 (mǔlì, “oyster”)."
],
"id": "en-牡-zh-character-zjNdARYY",
"links": [
[
"牡蠣",
"牡蠣#Chinese"
],
[
"牡蛎",
"牡蛎#Chinese"
],
[
"oyster",
"oyster"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "maau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "méu"
},
{
"zh-pron": "mū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "mēu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bhou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "mu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "muu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "му"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "mu"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "maau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "máauh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "máuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "maau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "mao⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "meo⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/maːu̯¹³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐu̯¹³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "méu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "meu`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "meu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/meu̯³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "mū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "mēu"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛu³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "bor"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/bou⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "muwX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*m(r)uʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯwʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/maːu̯¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐu̯¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/meu̯³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bou⁵²/"
},
{
"other": "/*m(r)uʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯwʔ/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Waic languages",
"oracle bone script"
],
"word": "牡"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Austroasiatic languages",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Requests for native script for Khmu terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "四牡"
},
{
"word": "堅牡"
},
{
"word": "坚牡"
},
{
"word": "松葉牡丹"
},
{
"word": "松叶牡丹"
},
{
"word": "求牡"
},
{
"word": "牝牡"
},
{
"word": "牝牡驪黃"
},
{
"word": "牝牡骊黄"
},
{
"word": "牝雞牡鳴"
},
{
"word": "牝鸡牡鸣"
},
{
"roman": "mǔdān",
"word": "牡丹"
},
{
"word": "牡丹亭"
},
{
"roman": "Mǔdānjiāng",
"word": "牡丹江"
},
{
"word": "牡丹花"
},
{
"word": "牡菣"
},
{
"word": "牡𬜤"
},
{
"roman": "mǔhāo",
"word": "牡蒿"
},
{
"roman": "mǔlì",
"word": "牡蠣"
},
{
"roman": "mǔlì",
"word": "牡蛎"
},
{
"word": "牡鹿"
},
{
"roman": "báimǔdān",
"word": "白牡丹"
},
{
"word": "秋牡丹"
},
{
"word": "野牡丹"
},
{
"word": "門牡"
},
{
"word": "门牡"
},
{
"word": "關牡"
},
{
"word": "关牡"
},
{
"word": "雉求牡匹"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ic",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牛",
"2": "丄",
"ls": "ic",
"t1": "cattle",
"t2": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 牛 (“cattle”) + 丄",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*上"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*土"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "aav"
},
"expansion": "Austroasiatic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*ɟm(oo)l",
"3": "",
"4": "male"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟm(oo)l (“male”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "ឈ្មោល",
"3": "",
"4": "to be male"
},
"expansion": "Khmer ឈ្មោល (chmool, “to be male”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "omx",
"2": "jmur",
"3": "jmūr ~ jmur",
"4": "male (elephant)"
},
"expansion": "Old Mon jmūr ~ jmur (“male (elephant)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*mɔːlʔ",
"3": "",
"4": "person; human being"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *mɔːlʔ (“person; human being”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mọi",
"3": "",
"4": "savage; barbarian"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese mọi (“savage; barbarian”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "mõl",
"3": "",
"4": "human being"
},
"expansion": "Muong mõl (“human being”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*c-mɔːlʔ",
"3": "",
"4": "digging stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *c-mɔːlʔ (“digging stick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okz",
"2": "cval",
"3": "",
"4": "to enter; to penetrate; (of animals) to copulate"
},
"expansion": "Old Khmer cval (“to enter; to penetrate; (of animals) to copulate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kjg",
"t": "to plant (rice) with a digging stick",
"tr": "cmɔɔl"
},
"expansion": "Khmu [script needed] (cmɔɔl, “to plant (rice) with a digging stick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Ferlus, 1987"
},
"expansion": "Ferlus, 1987",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler (2007)"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler (2007)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "畝",
"2": "cropland; mu (a Chinese measuring unit for area)"
},
"expansion": "畝 (OC *mɯʔ, “cropland; mu (a Chinese measuring unit for area)”)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 牛 (“cattle”) + 丄. Various explanations exist, some propose 丄 (here unrelated to 上) depicts a penis to represent “male”. Later 丄 came to be written 土. See also the etymology of this character.\nAustroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟm(oo)l (“male”) (whence Khmer ឈ្មោល (chmool, “to be male”)), Old Mon jmūr ~ jmur (“male (elephant)”), Proto-Waic *(k)mɔj (“(wild) ox; buffalo”), Proto-Vietic *mɔːlʔ (“person; human being”) (whence Vietnamese mọi (“savage; barbarian”), Muong mõl (“human being”)).\nAn oracle bone graph for this word shows a vertical stick on a horizontal ground, possibly because it had been intended for an obsolete homophone cognate with Proto-Vietic *c-mɔːlʔ (“digging stick”), which alongside \"male\" may derive from a stem represented in Old Khmer cval (“to enter; to penetrate; (of animals) to copulate”), Khmu [script needed] (cmɔɔl, “to plant (rice) with a digging stick”), [script needed] (crmɔɔl, “digging stick”) (ibid.; Ferlus, 1987). Schuessler (2007) further proposes a relationship with 畝 (OC *mɯʔ, “cropland; mu (a Chinese measuring unit for area)”) (ibid.); see there for more.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "牡",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "牝"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Fat and large are the stallions [/ male horses],On the plains of the far-distant borders.",
"ref": "From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
"roman": "Jiōngjiōng mǔ mǎ, zài jiōng zhī yě. [Pinyin]",
"text": "駉駉牡馬，在坰之野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]\n𬳶𬳶牡马，在坰之野。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "From: Shuoyuan, circa 1ˢᵗ century BCE",
"roman": "Zài shòu zé mǔ wéi yáng ér pìn wéi yīn;....... [Pinyin]Among quadrupeds, male are yang and female are yin; ….",
"text": "在獸則牡為陽而牝為陰；……。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]\n在兽则牡为阳而牝为阴；……。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "animals"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male of animals"
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"animals",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) male of animals"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "雄"
},
{
"word": "公"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"male genitals"
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"genitals",
"genitals"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) male genitals"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"bolt of door"
],
"links": [
[
"bolt",
"bolt"
],
[
"door",
"door"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) bolt of door"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"hill; hump"
],
"links": [
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"hump",
"hump"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) hill; hump"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used in 牡蠣／牡蛎 (mǔlì, “oyster”)."
],
"links": [
[
"牡蠣",
"牡蠣#Chinese"
],
[
"牡蛎",
"牡蛎#Chinese"
],
[
"oyster",
"oyster"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "maau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "méu"
},
{
"zh-pron": "mū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "mēu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "bó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bhou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "mu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "muu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "му"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "mu"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "maau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "máauh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "máuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "maau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mau⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "mao⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "meo⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/maːu̯¹³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐu̯¹³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "méu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "meu`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "meu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/meu̯³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "mū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "mēu"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛu³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "bóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "bor"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/bou⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "muwX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*m(r)uʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯwʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/maːu̯¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐu̯¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/meu̯³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bou⁵²/"
},
{
"other": "/*m(r)uʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯwʔ/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Waic languages",
"oracle bone script"
],
"word": "牡"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"牡"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "牡",
"trace": "started on line 43, detected on line 57"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"牡"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "牡",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"牡"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "牡",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"牡"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "牡",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"牡"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "牡",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.