"牛奶" meaning in Chinese

See 牛奶 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /ŋɐu̯²¹ naːi̯¹³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ᵑɡeu²² ⁿdai²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA, Taicheng, Taishanese], /ŋi̯u¹¹ nen⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Sinological-IPA], /ŋiu⁵⁵ nen¹¹/ [Hakka, Sinological-IPA], /ŋiu¹¹ nɛn⁵³/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /niu³³ naiŋ³³/ [Jian'ou, Sinological-IPA], /ŋu⁵³⁻³³ nˡɛiŋ⁵³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ ni⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Singapore], /ɡu²⁴⁻³³ nĩ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Tainan], /ɡu²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /ɡu²⁴⁻¹² lin⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Kinmen], /ɡu²⁴⁻²² lin³³/ [Hokkien, Jinjiang, Lukang, Philippines, Quanzhou], /ɡu²³⁻²¹ leŋ³³/ [Hokkien, Penang], /ɡu²⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Yilan], /ɡu²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /ɡu¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ni³⁵/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /ŋɐu̯²¹ naːi̯¹³/, /ᵑɡeu²² ⁿdai²¹/, /ŋi̯u¹¹ nen⁵⁵/, /ŋiu⁵⁵ nen¹¹/, /ŋiu¹¹ nɛn⁵³/, /niu³³ naiŋ³³/, /ŋu⁵³⁻³³ nˡɛiŋ⁵³/, /ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ ni⁴⁴/, /ɡu²⁴⁻³³ nĩ⁴⁴/, /ɡu²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁴⁴/, /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/, /ɡu²⁴⁻¹² lin⁴⁴/, /ɡu²⁴⁻²² lin³³/, /ɡu²³⁻²¹ leŋ³³/, /ɡu²⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/, /ɡu²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/, /ɡu¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁴⁴/, /ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ni³⁵/, /n̠ʲiɤ²² na⁴⁴/, /n̠ʲiəu¹³ na³¹/ Chinese transliterations: niúnǎi [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄋㄞˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], ngau⁴ naai⁵ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], ngeu³ nai⁴ [Cantonese, Taishan, Wiktionary-specific], ngiù-nen [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], ngiu nen^ˇ [Hailu, Hakka], ngiu² nên⁴ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], niû-nâing, ngù-nèng, gû-ni [Hokkien, POJ], gû-lin [Hokkien, POJ], gû-leng [Hokkien, POJ], ghu⁵ ni⁶ [Peng'im, Teochew], ⁶gnieu-na₆, ²gnieu-na₄, niúnǎi [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], nióunǎi [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], niu²-nai³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], nyóu-nǎi [Mandarin, Yale], niounae [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], нюнай [Mandarin, Palladius], njunaj [Mandarin, Palladius], ngau⁴ naai⁵ [Cantonese, Jyutping], ngàuh náaih [Cantonese, Yale], ngau⁴ naai⁵ [Cantonese, Pinyin], ngeo⁴ nai⁵ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], ngeu³ nai⁴ [Cantonese, Taicheng, Taishanese, Wiktionary-specific], ngiù-nen [Hakka, Phak-fa-su], ngiu^ˇ nen [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System], ngiu² nen⁴ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka], ngiu nen^ˇ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System], niû-nâing [Jian'ou, Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized], ngù-nèng [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], gû-ni [Hokkien, Tai-lo], guny [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], gû-lin [Hokkien, Tai-lo], gulyn [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], gû-ling [Hokkien, Tai-lo], gulefng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], gû nĭ [POJ, Teochew], ⁶gnieu-na₆ [Northern, Wu], nyeu^去 na^去 [Northern, Wu], ³nyieu-na₃ [Northern, Wu], /n̠ʲiɤ²² na⁴⁴/ [Northern, Wu], ²gnieu-na₄ [Northern, Wu], nyeu^平 na^上 [Northern, Wu], /n̠ʲiəu¹³ na³¹/ [Northern, Wu] Forms: 牛乳, 牛𬂌
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 牛奶
  1. cow's milk Categories (topical): Milk
    Sense id: en-牛奶-zh-noun-tupnQ6m5 Disambiguation of Milk: 65 35 Categories (other): Beginning Mandarin, Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Beginning Mandarin: 54 46 Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 75 25 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 74 26 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 75 25
  2. (Taishanese) condensed milk Tags: Taishanese
    Sense id: en-牛奶-zh-noun-TYGiIkr2 Categories (other): Taishanese Chinese, Beginning Mandarin Disambiguation of Beginning Mandarin: 54 46 Synonyms (condensed milk): 煉乳, Taiwan, Hong Kong, 煉奶, Taishan, Taiyuan, Fuzhou, 牛奶膏, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Tainan, Shanghai, Suzhou, Ningbo Disambiguation of 'condensed milk': 8 92
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: 豆奶 (dòunǎi), 馬奶 (mǎnǎi), 马奶 (mǎnǎi), 乳汁 (rǔzhī), 羊奶 (yángnǎi), 椰奶 (yēnǎi)
Synonyms: 牛乳, Taiwan, Jinan, Hong Kong, Lichuan, Meixian, Miaoli (alt: N. Sixian), Pingtung (alt: Neipu; S. Sixian), Pingtung (alt: Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian), Kaohsiung (alt: Meinong; S. Sixian), Kaohsiung (alt: Shanlin; S. Sixian), Hsinchu County [Hailu, Zhudong], Taichung [Dabu, Dongshi], Hsinchu County [Qionglin, Raoping], Yunlin [Lunbei, Zhao'an], Jian'ou, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangzhou, New Taipei (alt: Tamsui), New Taipei (alt: Pingxi), Kaohsiung (alt: Cijin), Kaohsiung (alt: Siaogang) [Dalinpu], Yilan (alt: Toucheng), Tainan, Tainan (alt: Anping), Penghu (alt: Xiyu), Manila [Hokkien], Nanning [Tingzi], Shanghai, Changsha, 牛唧唧 childish Derived forms: 牛奶喙仔, 牛奶果 (niúnǎiguǒ), 牛奶沙司 (niúnǎi shāsī), 牛奶沫, 牛奶油, 牛奶皮, 牛奶粉, 牛奶糖 (niúnǎitáng), 牛奶膏, 牛奶蕉, 牛奶蛇 (niúnǎishé), 脫脂牛奶 (tuōzhī niúnǎi), 脱脂牛奶 (tuōzhī niúnǎi), 酸牛奶 (suānniúnǎi)

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛奶喙仔"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "niúnǎiguǒ",
      "word": "牛奶果"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "niúnǎi shāsī",
      "word": "牛奶沙司"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛奶沫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛奶油"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛奶皮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛奶粉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "niúnǎitáng",
      "word": "牛奶糖"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛奶膏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛奶蕉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "niúnǎishé",
      "word": "牛奶蛇"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tuōzhī niúnǎi",
      "word": "脫脂牛奶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "tuōzhī niúnǎi",
      "word": "脱脂牛奶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "suānniúnǎi",
      "word": "酸牛奶"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pwn",
            "2": "guling",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Paiwan: guling",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Paiwan: guling"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "牛乳",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hakka; Hokkien"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "牛𬂌",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Northern Min"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "牛奶",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "dòunǎi",
      "word": "豆奶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "mǎnǎi",
      "word": "馬奶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "mǎnǎi",
      "word": "马奶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "rǔzhī",
      "word": "乳汁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yángnǎi",
      "word": "羊奶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "yēnǎi",
      "word": "椰奶"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Beginning Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "75 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "75 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Milk",
          "orig": "zh:Milk",
          "parents": [
            "Beverages",
            "Bodily fluids",
            "Dairy products",
            "Drinking",
            "Food and drink",
            "Liquids",
            "Body parts",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Matter",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cow's milk"
      ],
      "id": "en-牛奶-zh-noun-tupnQ6m5",
      "links": [
        [
          "cow's milk",
          "cow's milk"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Taishanese Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Beginning Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "condensed milk"
      ],
      "id": "en-牛奶-zh-noun-TYGiIkr2",
      "links": [
        [
          "condensed milk",
          "condensed milk"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Taishanese) condensed milk"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "煉乳"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Taiwan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Hong Kong"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "煉奶"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Taishan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Taiyuan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Fuzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "牛奶膏"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Xiamen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Quanzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Zhangzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Tainan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Shanghai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Suzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 92",
          "sense": "condensed milk",
          "word": "Ningbo"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niúnǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄋㄞˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngau⁴ naai⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngeu³ nai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiù-nen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu nen^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu² nên⁴"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "niû-nâing"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "ngù-nèng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-ni"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-lin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-leng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ghu⁵ ni⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶gnieu-na₆"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "²gnieu-na₄"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niúnǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nióunǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niu²-nai³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nyóu-nǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niounae"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "нюнай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "njunaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngau⁴ naai⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngàuh náaih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngau⁴ naai⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngeo⁴ nai⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐu̯²¹ naːi̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngeu³ nai⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ᵑɡeu²² ⁿdai²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiù-nen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu^ˇ nen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu² nen⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋi̯u¹¹ nen⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu nen^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋiu⁵⁵ nen¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋiu¹¹ nɛn⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niû-nâing"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/niu³³ naiŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngù-nèng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ nˡɛiŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-ni"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guny"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ ni⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ nĩ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tainan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-lin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gulyn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹² lin⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kinmen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² lin³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Jinjiang",
        "Lukang",
        "Philippines",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-ling"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gulefng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻²¹ leŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Yilan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû nĭ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ni³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶gnieu-na₆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nyeu^去 na^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³nyieu-na₃"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/n̠ʲiɤ²² na⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²gnieu-na₄"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nyeu^平 na^上"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/n̠ʲiəu¹³ na³¹/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ gû-lin /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐu̯²¹ naːi̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ᵑɡeu²² ⁿdai²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋi̯u¹¹ nen⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋiu⁵⁵ nen¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋiu¹¹ nɛn⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/niu³³ naiŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ nˡɛiŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ ni⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ nĩ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹² lin⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² lin³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻²¹ leŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ni³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/n̠ʲiɤ²² na⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/n̠ʲiəu¹³ na³¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛乳"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Taiwan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Jinan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Hong Kong"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Lichuan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Meixian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "N. Sixian",
      "word": "Miaoli"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Neipu; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Pingtung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Pingtung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Meinong; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Kaohsiung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Shanlin; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Kaohsiung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong"
      ],
      "word": "Hsinchu County"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Dabu",
        "Dongshi"
      ],
      "word": "Taichung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Qionglin",
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "Hsinchu County"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Lunbei",
        "Zhao'an"
      ],
      "word": "Yunlin"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Jian'ou"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Fuzhou"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Xiamen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Quanzhou"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Jinjiang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Zhangzhou"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Tamsui",
      "word": "New Taipei"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Pingxi",
      "word": "New Taipei"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Cijin",
      "word": "Kaohsiung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Siaogang",
      "tags": [
        "Dalinpu"
      ],
      "word": "Kaohsiung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Toucheng",
      "word": "Yilan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Tainan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Anping",
      "word": "Tainan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "alt": "Xiyu",
      "word": "Penghu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "Manila"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "Nanning"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Shanghai"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Changsha"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "牛唧唧 childish"
    }
  ],
  "word": "牛奶"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Beginning Mandarin",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 奶",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 牛",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Northern Min lemmas",
    "Northern Min nouns",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "zh:Milk"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "牛奶喙仔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "niúnǎiguǒ",
      "word": "牛奶果"
    },
    {
      "roman": "niúnǎi shāsī",
      "word": "牛奶沙司"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛奶沫"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛奶油"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛奶皮"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛奶粉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "niúnǎitáng",
      "word": "牛奶糖"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛奶膏"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛奶蕉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "niúnǎishé",
      "word": "牛奶蛇"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuōzhī niúnǎi",
      "word": "脫脂牛奶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuōzhī niúnǎi",
      "word": "脱脂牛奶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "suānniúnǎi",
      "word": "酸牛奶"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pwn",
            "2": "guling",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Paiwan: guling",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Paiwan: guling"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "牛乳",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hakka; Hokkien"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "牛𬂌",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Northern Min"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "牛奶",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "dòunǎi",
      "word": "豆奶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mǎnǎi",
      "word": "馬奶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mǎnǎi",
      "word": "马奶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rǔzhī",
      "word": "乳汁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yángnǎi",
      "word": "羊奶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yēnǎi",
      "word": "椰奶"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cow's milk"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cow's milk",
          "cow's milk"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Taishanese Chinese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "condensed milk"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "condensed milk",
          "condensed milk"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Taishanese) condensed milk"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niúnǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄋㄞˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngau⁴ naai⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngeu³ nai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiù-nen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu nen^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu² nên⁴"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "niû-nâing"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "ngù-nèng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-ni"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-lin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-leng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ghu⁵ ni⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶gnieu-na₆"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "²gnieu-na₄"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niúnǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nióunǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niu²-nai³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nyóu-nǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niounae"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "нюнай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "njunaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngau⁴ naai⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngàuh náaih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngau⁴ naai⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngeo⁴ nai⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐu̯²¹ naːi̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngeu³ nai⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ᵑɡeu²² ⁿdai²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiù-nen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu^ˇ nen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu² nen⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋi̯u¹¹ nen⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngiu nen^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋiu⁵⁵ nen¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋiu¹¹ nɛn⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "niû-nâing"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/niu³³ naiŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngù-nèng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ nˡɛiŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-ni"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guny"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ ni⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Singapore"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ nĩ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tainan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-lin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gulyn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹² lin⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kinmen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² lin³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Jinjiang",
        "Lukang",
        "Philippines",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû-ling"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gulefng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻²¹ leŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Yilan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gû nĭ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ni³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶gnieu-na₆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nyeu^去 na^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³nyieu-na₃"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/n̠ʲiɤ²² na⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²gnieu-na₄"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nyeu^平 na^上"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/n̠ʲiəu¹³ na³¹/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ gû-lin /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐu̯²¹ naːi̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ᵑɡeu²² ⁿdai²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋi̯u¹¹ nen⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋiu⁵⁵ nen¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋiu¹¹ nɛn⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/niu³³ naiŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ nˡɛiŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ ni⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ nĩ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹² lin⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² lin³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻²¹ leŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻³³ liɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu¹³⁻²² liɪŋ⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ni³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/n̠ʲiɤ²² na⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/n̠ʲiəu¹³ na³¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "牛乳"
    },
    {
      "word": "Taiwan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jinan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hong Kong"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lichuan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Meixian"
    },
    {
      "alt": "N. Sixian",
      "word": "Miaoli"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Neipu; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Pingtung"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Pingtung"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Meinong; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Kaohsiung"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Shanlin; S. Sixian",
      "word": "Kaohsiung"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong"
      ],
      "word": "Hsinchu County"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Dabu",
        "Dongshi"
      ],
      "word": "Taichung"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Qionglin",
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "Hsinchu County"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lunbei",
        "Zhao'an"
      ],
      "word": "Yunlin"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jian'ou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Fuzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Xiamen"
    },
    {
      "word": "Quanzhou"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jinjiang"
    },
    {
      "word": "Zhangzhou"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Tamsui",
      "word": "New Taipei"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Pingxi",
      "word": "New Taipei"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Cijin",
      "word": "Kaohsiung"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Siaogang",
      "tags": [
        "Dalinpu"
      ],
      "word": "Kaohsiung"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Toucheng",
      "word": "Yilan"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tainan"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Anping",
      "word": "Tainan"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Xiyu",
      "word": "Penghu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "Manila"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "Nanning"
    },
    {
      "word": "Shanghai"
    },
    {
      "word": "Changsha"
    },
    {
      "word": "牛唧唧 childish"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "煉乳"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Taiwan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Hong Kong"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "煉奶"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Taishan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Taiyuan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Fuzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "牛奶膏"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Xiamen"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Quanzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Zhangzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Tainan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Shanghai"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Suzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "condensed milk",
      "word": "Ningbo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "牛奶"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 牛奶 meaning in Chinese (8.9kB)

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  "section": "Chinese",
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  "title": "牛奶",
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  "title": "牛奶",
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.