See 混凝土 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-",
"nocap": "1",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "混%凝%土",
"2": "コン%クリー%ト",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "混(コン)凝(クリー)土(ト) (konkurīto)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "混%凝%土",
"2": "コン%クリー%ト"
},
"expansion": "Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 混(コン)凝(クリー)土(ト) (konkurīto)",
"name": "wasei kango"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "concrete"
},
"expansion": "English concrete",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 混(コン)凝(クリー)土(ト) (konkurīto), in turn from English concrete.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "混凝土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Building materials",
"orig": "zh:Building materials",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"concrete (building material)"
],
"id": "en-混凝土-zh-noun-~koKaDxQ",
"links": [
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "shuǐní",
"word": "水泥"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "lime-sand-clay mixture",
"roman": "sānhétǔ",
"word": "三合土"
},
{
"roman": "Shanghainese",
"word": "三和土"
},
{
"english": "lime-sand-clay mixture",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "灰塗"
},
{
"english": "lime-sand-clay mixture",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "灰涂"
},
{
"roman": "shíshǐ",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "石屎"
},
{
"roman": "tóng",
"topics": [
"technical",
"engineering",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "砼"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hùnníngtǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hǔnníngtǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄏㄨㄣˇ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "wan⁶ jing⁴ tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "hūn-gêng-thó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng-ku-lí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hùnníngtǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hùnníngtǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "hun⁴-ning²-tʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "hwùn-níng-tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "huennningtuu"
},
{
"roman": "xunʹnintu",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "хуньнинту"
},
{
"ipa": "/xu̯ən⁵¹ niŋ³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hǔnníngtǔ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄏㄨㄣˇ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hǔnníngtǔ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "hun³-ning²-tʻu³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "hwǔn-níng-tǔ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "hoenningtuu"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"roman": "xunʹnintu",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "хуньнинту"
},
{
"ipa": "/xu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "wan⁶ jing⁴ tou²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "wahn yìhng tóu"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "wan⁶ jing⁴ tou²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "wen⁶ ying⁴ tou²"
},
{
"ipa": "/wɐn²² jɪŋ²¹ tʰou̯³⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "hūn-gêng-thó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "hūn-gîng-thóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "huxn'gengtor"
},
{
"ipa": "/hun²²⁻²¹ ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hun²²⁻²¹ ɡiɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hun⁴¹⁻²² ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng-ku-lí"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng-ku-lí"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "qoxngkulie"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ku⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ku⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
}
],
"word": "混凝土"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-",
"nocap": "1",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "混%凝%土",
"2": "コン%クリー%ト",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "混(コン)凝(クリー)土(ト) (konkurīto)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "混%凝%土",
"2": "コン%クリー%ト"
},
"expansion": "Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 混(コン)凝(クリー)土(ト) (konkurīto)",
"name": "wasei kango"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "concrete"
},
"expansion": "English concrete",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 混(コン)凝(クリー)土(ト) (konkurīto), in turn from English concrete.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "混凝土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "shuǐní",
"word": "水泥"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from English",
"Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from wasei kango",
"Chinese terms spelled with 凝",
"Chinese terms spelled with 土",
"Chinese terms spelled with 混",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Intermediate Mandarin",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Building materials"
],
"glosses": [
"concrete (building material)"
],
"links": [
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hùnníngtǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hǔnníngtǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄏㄨㄣˇ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "wan⁶ jing⁴ tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "hūn-gêng-thó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng-ku-lí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hùnníngtǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hùnníngtǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "hun⁴-ning²-tʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "hwùn-níng-tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "huennningtuu"
},
{
"roman": "xunʹnintu",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "хуньнинту"
},
{
"ipa": "/xu̯ən⁵¹ niŋ³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hǔnníngtǔ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄏㄨㄣˇ ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "hǔnníngtǔ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "hun³-ning²-tʻu³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "hwǔn-níng-tǔ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "hoenningtuu"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"roman": "xunʹnintu",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "хуньнинту"
},
{
"ipa": "/xu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"raw_tags": [
"variant or dialectal"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "wan⁶ jing⁴ tou²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "wahn yìhng tóu"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "wan⁶ jing⁴ tou²"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "wen⁶ ying⁴ tou²"
},
{
"ipa": "/wɐn²² jɪŋ²¹ tʰou̯³⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "hūn-gêng-thó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "hūn-gîng-thóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "huxn'gengtor"
},
{
"ipa": "/hun²²⁻²¹ ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hun²²⁻²¹ ɡiɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hun⁴¹⁻²² ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng-ku-lí"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "khōng-ku-lí"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "qoxngkulie"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ku⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ku⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "lime-sand-clay mixture",
"roman": "sānhétǔ",
"word": "三合土"
},
{
"roman": "Shanghainese",
"word": "三和土"
},
{
"english": "lime-sand-clay mixture",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "灰塗"
},
{
"english": "lime-sand-clay mixture",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "灰涂"
},
{
"roman": "shíshǐ",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "石屎"
},
{
"roman": "tóng",
"topics": [
"technical",
"engineering",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences"
],
"word": "砼"
}
],
"word": "混凝土"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 混凝土 meaning in Chinese (6.6kB)
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"混凝土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "混凝土",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (fb173d2 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.