See 民初 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "民初",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
36,
60
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "the end of the Qing dynasty and the beginning of the ROC era",
"roman": "qīngmò mínchū",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "清末民初",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning of the Republic of China era"
],
"id": "en-民初-zh-noun-M85VAEZD",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"Republic of China",
"Republic of China"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) beginning of the Republic of China era"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"roman": "Mínguó chūnián",
"sense": "beginning of the Republic of China era",
"word": "民國初年"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mainland China Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "zh:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"civil case of first instance"
],
"id": "en-民初-zh-noun-W5mrSApd",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"civil",
"civil"
],
[
"case",
"case"
],
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, Mainland China) civil case of first instance"
],
"tags": [
"Mainland-China"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "mínchū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "man⁴ co¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "bîn-chho͘"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "⁶min-tshu₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "mínchū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "mínchu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "min²-chʻu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "mín-chū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "minchu"
},
{
"roman": "minʹču",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "миньчу"
},
{
"ipa": "/min³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "man⁴ co¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "màhn chō"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "man⁴ tso¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "men⁴ co¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹ t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "bîn-chho͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "bîn-tshoo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "binzhof"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³⁻²² t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²³⁻³³ t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "⁶min-tshu₁"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "min^去 tshu^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "³min-tshu₁"
},
{
"ipa": "/min²² t͡sʰu⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "民初"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 初",
"Chinese terms spelled with 民",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "民初",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with historical senses",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
36,
60
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"english": "the end of the Qing dynasty and the beginning of the ROC era",
"roman": "qīngmò mínchū",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "清末民初",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning of the Republic of China era"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"Republic of China",
"Republic of China"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) beginning of the Republic of China era"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mainland China Chinese",
"zh:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"civil case of first instance"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"civil",
"civil"
],
[
"case",
"case"
],
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, Mainland China) civil case of first instance"
],
"tags": [
"Mainland-China"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "mínchū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "man⁴ co¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "bîn-chho͘"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "⁶min-tshu₁"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "mínchū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "mínchu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "min²-chʻu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "mín-chū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "minchu"
},
{
"roman": "minʹču",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "миньчу"
},
{
"ipa": "/min³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "man⁴ co¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "màhn chō"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "man⁴ tso¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "men⁴ co¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐn²¹ t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "bîn-chho͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "bîn-tshoo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "binzhof"
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin¹³⁻²² t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bin²³⁻³³ t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "⁶min-tshu₁"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "min^去 tshu^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "³min-tshu₁"
},
{
"ipa": "/min²² t͡sʰu⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Mínguó chūnián",
"sense": "beginning of the Republic of China era",
"word": "民國初年"
}
],
"word": "民初"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 民初 meaning in Chinese (4.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (7cef23e and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.