"母語" meaning in Chinese

See 母語 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /mou̯¹³ jyː¹³/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /mu²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/ [Hakka, Sinological-IPA], /mu⁵³ ŋi⁵³/ [Hakka, Sinological-IPA], /mu³³⁻³⁵ ŋy³³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei, Xiamen], /bɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /bio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /mou̯¹³ jyː¹³/, /mu²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/, /mu⁵³ ŋi⁵³/, /mu³³⁻³⁵ ŋy³³/, /bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/, /bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/, /bɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/, /bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁵³/, /bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/, /bio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/, /mu²² n̠ʲy⁴⁴/ Chinese transliterations: mǔyǔ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄇㄨˇ ㄩˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], mou⁵ jyu⁵ [Cantonese, Jyutping], mû-ngî [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], mu^ˋ ngi^ˋ [Hailu, Hakka], mū-ngṳ̄, bú-gí, bú-gú, bó-gí, bó-gú, bió-gír, ⁶mu-gniu, mǔyǔ [Phonetic:múyǔ] [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], mǔyǔ [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], mu³-yü³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], mǔ-yǔ [Mandarin, Yale], muuyeu [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], муюй [Mandarin, Palladius], mujuj [Mandarin, Palladius], mou⁵ jyu⁵ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], móuh yúh [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], mou⁵ jy⁵ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], mou⁵ yu⁵ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong], mû-ngî [Hakka, Phak-fa-su], mu^ˊ ngi^ˊ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System], mu¹ ngi¹ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka], mu^ˋ ngi^ˋ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System], mū-ngṳ̄ [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], bú-gí [Hokkien, POJ], bú-gí [Hokkien, Tai-lo], bw'gie [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], bú-gú [Hokkien, POJ], bú-gú [Hokkien, Tai-lo], bw'guo [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], bó-gí [Hokkien, POJ], bó-gí [Hokkien, Tai-lo], boy'gie [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], bó-gú [Hokkien, POJ], bó-gú [Hokkien, Tai-lo], boy'guo [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], bió-gír [Hokkien, POJ], bió-gír [Hokkien, Tai-lo], ⁶mu-gniu [Northern, Wu], mu^去 nyu [Northern, Wu], ³mu-nyy [Northern, Wu], /mu²² n̠ʲy⁴⁴/ [Northern, Wu] Forms: 母语
Etymology: Calque of English mother tongue. Etymology templates: {{calque|zh|en|mother tongue}} Calque of English mother tongue Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 母語
  1. mother tongue; native language; first language Categories (topical): Languages, Linguistics
    Sense id: en-母語-zh-noun-YZ3ZbfI7 Disambiguation of Languages: 59 23 18 Disambiguation of Linguistics: 44 34 21
  2. ancestral language
    Sense id: en-母語-zh-noun-ZUwM42VC Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 26 45 29
  3. official mandated language of one's ethnic group
    Sense id: en-母語-zh-noun-9ZhOQULI
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 母語人士 (mǔyǔ rénshì), 母语人士 (mǔyǔ rénshì), 非母語人士 (fēi-mǔyǔ rénshì), 非母语人士 (fēi-mǔyǔ rénshì)
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "wàiyǔ",
      "word": "外語"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wàiyǔ",
      "word": "外语"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mǔyǔ rénshì",
      "word": "母語人士"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mǔyǔ rénshì",
      "word": "母语人士"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "fēi-mǔyǔ rénshì",
      "word": "非母語人士"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "fēi-mǔyǔ rénshì",
      "word": "非母语人士"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "母語"
          },
          "expansion": "母語",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "母語",
            "2": "ぼご",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "母語(ぼご) (bogo)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "모어(母語)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 모어(母語) (mo'eo)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "母語",
            "2": "ぼご",
            "3": "모어",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "母語",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "母語",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "母語",
            "v": "母語",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (母語):\n* → Japanese: 母語(ぼご) (bogo)\n* → Korean: 모어(母語) (mo'eo)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "ぼご",
            "3": "모어"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (母語):\n* → Japanese: 母語(ぼご) (bogo)\n* → Korean: 모어(母語) (mo'eo)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (母語):\n* → Japanese: 母語(ぼご) (bogo)\n* → Korean: 모어(母語) (mo'eo)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "mother tongue"
      },
      "expansion": "Calque of English mother tongue",
      "name": "calque"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Calque of English mother tongue.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "母语",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "母語",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 23 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Languages",
          "orig": "zh:Languages",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Names",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 34 21",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "zh:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "first-language interference",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "mǔyǔ gānrǎo",
          "text": "母語干擾",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "first-language interference",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "mǔyǔ gānrǎo",
          "text": "母语干扰",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "native English speaker",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "yǐ yīngyǔ wéi mǔyǔ de rén",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "以英語為母語的人",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "native English speaker",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "yǐ yīngyǔ wéi mǔyǔ de rén",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "以英语为母语的人",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Not all native speakers speak their first language well.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Mǔyǔ bù dàibiǎo shuō de jiù yīdìng hǎo.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "母語不代表說得就一定好。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Not all native speakers speak their first language well.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Mǔyǔ bù dàibiǎo shuō de jiù yīdìng hǎo.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "母语不代表说得就一定好。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "This student is a native speaker of Taiwanese Hokkien.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Pe̍h-ōe-jī",
            "Taiwanese Hokkien",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Chit ê ha̍k-seng ê bú-gú sī Tâi-gú.",
          "text": "這個學生的母語是臺語。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "This student is a native speaker of Taiwanese Hokkien.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Pe̍h-ōe-jī",
            "Taiwanese Hokkien",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Chit ê ha̍k-seng ê bú-gú sī Tâi-gú.",
          "text": "这个学生的母语是台语。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mother tongue; native language; first language"
      ],
      "id": "en-母語-zh-noun-YZ3ZbfI7",
      "links": [
        [
          "mother tongue",
          "mother tongue"
        ],
        [
          "native language",
          "native language"
        ],
        [
          "first language",
          "first language"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 45 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It is said that during the 1990 formation of the All-Soviet Dungan Association, Hui of Osh in southern Kyrgyzstan, unable to speak their Shaan-Gan-Ning dialect, cried most terribly, lamenting the loss of their native language.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": "2003, 林濤, 中亞東干語研究, page 20:",
          "roman": "Jùshuō zài 1990 nián chénglì quánsū dōnggānzú xiéhuì shí, jí'ěrjísīsītǎn nánfāng de àoshén huíhuí yīnwèi bùhuì jiǎng shǎngānníng fāngyán ér háotáodàkū, tòngxī zìjǐ diūshī le mǔyǔ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "據說在1990年成立全蘇東干族協會時,吉爾吉斯斯坦南方的奧什回回因爲不會講陝甘寧方言而嚎啕大哭,痛惜自己丟失了母語。",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "It is said that during the 1990 formation of the All-Soviet Dungan Association, Hui of Osh in southern Kyrgyzstan, unable to speak their Shaan-Gan-Ning dialect, cried most terribly, lamenting the loss of their native language.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": "2003, 林濤, 中亞東干語研究, page 20:",
          "roman": "Jùshuō zài 1990 nián chénglì quánsū dōnggānzú xiéhuì shí, jí'ěrjísīsītǎn nánfāng de àoshén huíhuí yīnwèi bùhuì jiǎng shǎngānníng fāngyán ér háotáodàkū, tòngxī zìjǐ diūshī le mǔyǔ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "据说在1990年成立全苏东干族协会时,吉尔吉斯斯坦南方的奥什回回因为不会讲陕甘宁方言而嚎啕大哭,痛惜自己丢失了母语。",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ancestral language"
      ],
      "id": "en-母語-zh-noun-ZUwM42VC",
      "links": [
        [
          "ancestral",
          "ancestral"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "official mandated language of one's ethnic group"
      ],
      "id": "en-母語-zh-noun-9ZhOQULI",
      "links": [
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ],
        [
          "mandated",
          "mandated"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ],
        [
          "ethnic",
          "ethnic"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mǔyǔ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄨˇ ㄩˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mou⁵ jyu⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mû-ngî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu^ˋ ngi^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "mū-ngṳ̄"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bú-gí"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bú-gú"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bó-gí"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bó-gú"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bió-gír"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶mu-gniu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mǔyǔ [Phonetic:múyǔ]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mǔyǔ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu³-yü³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mǔ-yǔ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "muuyeu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "муюй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mujuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mou⁵ jyu⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "móuh yúh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mou⁵ jy⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mou⁵ yu⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯¹³ jyː¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mû-ngî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu^ˊ ngi^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu¹ ngi¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu^ˋ ngi^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu⁵³ ŋi⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mū-ngṳ̄"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu³³⁻³⁵ ŋy³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bú-gí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bú-gí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bw'gie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bú-gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bú-gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bw'guo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bó-gí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bó-gí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "boy'gie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bó-gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bó-gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "boy'guo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bió-gír"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bió-gír"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶mu-gniu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu^去 nyu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³mu-nyy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/mu²² n̠ʲy⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ bú-gú /"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ bó-gú /"
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: múyǔ]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯¹³ jyː¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu⁵³ ŋi⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu³³⁻³⁵ ŋy³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²² n̠ʲy⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "母語"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "wàiyǔ",
      "word": "外語"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wàiyǔ",
      "word": "外语"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms calqued from English",
    "Chinese terms derived from English",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 母",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 語",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "zh:Languages",
    "zh:Linguistics"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "mǔyǔ rénshì",
      "word": "母語人士"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mǔyǔ rénshì",
      "word": "母语人士"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fēi-mǔyǔ rénshì",
      "word": "非母語人士"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fēi-mǔyǔ rénshì",
      "word": "非母语人士"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "母語"
          },
          "expansion": "母語",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "母語",
            "2": "ぼご",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "母語(ぼご) (bogo)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "모어(母語)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 모어(母語) (mo'eo)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "母語",
            "2": "ぼご",
            "3": "모어",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "母語",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "母語",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "母語",
            "v": "母語",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (母語):\n* → Japanese: 母語(ぼご) (bogo)\n* → Korean: 모어(母語) (mo'eo)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "ぼご",
            "3": "모어"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (母語):\n* → Japanese: 母語(ぼご) (bogo)\n* → Korean: 모어(母語) (mo'eo)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (母語):\n* → Japanese: 母語(ぼご) (bogo)\n* → Korean: 모어(母語) (mo'eo)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "mother tongue"
      },
      "expansion": "Calque of English mother tongue",
      "name": "calque"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Calque of English mother tongue.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "母语",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "母語",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hokkien terms with usage examples",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "first-language interference",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "mǔyǔ gānrǎo",
          "text": "母語干擾",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "first-language interference",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "mǔyǔ gānrǎo",
          "text": "母语干扰",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "native English speaker",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "yǐ yīngyǔ wéi mǔyǔ de rén",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "以英語為母語的人",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "native English speaker",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "yǐ yīngyǔ wéi mǔyǔ de rén",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "以英语为母语的人",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Not all native speakers speak their first language well.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Mǔyǔ bù dàibiǎo shuō de jiù yīdìng hǎo.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "母語不代表說得就一定好。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Not all native speakers speak their first language well.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Mǔyǔ bù dàibiǎo shuō de jiù yīdìng hǎo.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "母语不代表说得就一定好。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "This student is a native speaker of Taiwanese Hokkien.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Pe̍h-ōe-jī",
            "Taiwanese Hokkien",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Chit ê ha̍k-seng ê bú-gú sī Tâi-gú.",
          "text": "這個學生的母語是臺語。",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "This student is a native speaker of Taiwanese Hokkien.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Pe̍h-ōe-jī",
            "Taiwanese Hokkien",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "Chit ê ha̍k-seng ê bú-gú sī Tâi-gú.",
          "text": "这个学生的母语是台语。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mother tongue; native language; first language"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mother tongue",
          "mother tongue"
        ],
        [
          "native language",
          "native language"
        ],
        [
          "first language",
          "first language"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It is said that during the 1990 formation of the All-Soviet Dungan Association, Hui of Osh in southern Kyrgyzstan, unable to speak their Shaan-Gan-Ning dialect, cried most terribly, lamenting the loss of their native language.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": "2003, 林濤, 中亞東干語研究, page 20:",
          "roman": "Jùshuō zài 1990 nián chénglì quánsū dōnggānzú xiéhuì shí, jí'ěrjísīsītǎn nánfāng de àoshén huíhuí yīnwèi bùhuì jiǎng shǎngānníng fāngyán ér háotáodàkū, tòngxī zìjǐ diūshī le mǔyǔ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "據說在1990年成立全蘇東干族協會時,吉爾吉斯斯坦南方的奧什回回因爲不會講陝甘寧方言而嚎啕大哭,痛惜自己丟失了母語。",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "It is said that during the 1990 formation of the All-Soviet Dungan Association, Hui of Osh in southern Kyrgyzstan, unable to speak their Shaan-Gan-Ning dialect, cried most terribly, lamenting the loss of their native language.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": "2003, 林濤, 中亞東干語研究, page 20:",
          "roman": "Jùshuō zài 1990 nián chénglì quánsū dōnggānzú xiéhuì shí, jí'ěrjísīsītǎn nánfāng de àoshén huíhuí yīnwèi bùhuì jiǎng shǎngānníng fāngyán ér háotáodàkū, tòngxī zìjǐ diūshī le mǔyǔ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "据说在1990年成立全苏东干族协会时,吉尔吉斯斯坦南方的奥什回回因为不会讲陕甘宁方言而嚎啕大哭,痛惜自己丢失了母语。",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ancestral language"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ancestral",
          "ancestral"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "official mandated language of one's ethnic group"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ],
        [
          "mandated",
          "mandated"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ],
        [
          "ethnic",
          "ethnic"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mǔyǔ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄨˇ ㄩˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mou⁵ jyu⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mû-ngî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu^ˋ ngi^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "mū-ngṳ̄"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bú-gí"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bú-gú"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bó-gí"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bó-gú"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bió-gír"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶mu-gniu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mǔyǔ [Phonetic:múyǔ]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mǔyǔ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu³-yü³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mǔ-yǔ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "muuyeu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "муюй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mujuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mou⁵ jyu⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "móuh yúh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mou⁵ jy⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mou⁵ yu⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯¹³ jyː¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mû-ngî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu^ˊ ngi^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu¹ ngi¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu^ˋ ngi^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu⁵³ ŋi⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mū-ngṳ̄"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu³³⁻³⁵ ŋy³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bú-gí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bú-gí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bw'gie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bú-gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bú-gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bw'guo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bó-gí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bó-gí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "boy'gie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bó-gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bó-gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "boy'guo"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bió-gír"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bió-gír"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶mu-gniu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mu^去 nyu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³mu-nyy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/mu²² n̠ʲy⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ bú-gú /"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ bó-gú /"
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: múyǔ]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯¹³ jyː¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu⁵³ ŋi⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu³³⁻³⁵ ŋy³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mu²² n̠ʲy⁴⁴/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "母語"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 母語 meaning in Chinese (10.6kB)

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.