See 暹羅 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "暹羅"
},
"expansion": "暹羅",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^섬라(暹羅)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "暹羅",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 섬라(暹羅) (Seomna)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Xiêm La",
"bor": "1",
"id": "暹羅",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "暹羅"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Xiêm La (暹羅)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暹羅",
"2": "",
"3": "^섬라",
"4": "Xiêm La",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "暹羅",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "暹羅",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "暹羅",
"v": "暹羅",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (暹羅):\n* → Korean: 섬라(暹羅) (Seomna)\n* → Vietnamese: Xiêm La (暹羅)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "^섬라",
"4": "Xiêm La"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (暹羅):\n* → Korean: 섬라(暹羅) (Seomna)\n* → Vietnamese: Xiêm La (暹羅)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (暹羅):\n* → Korean: 섬라(暹羅) (Seomna)\n* → Vietnamese: Xiêm La (暹羅)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "暹羅斛"
},
"expansion": "Short for 暹羅斛／暹罗斛",
"name": "zh-etym-short"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暹",
"tr": "Xiān"
},
"expansion": "暹 (Xiān)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暹"
},
"expansion": "暹 (MC sjem)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "羅斛"
},
"expansion": "羅斛／罗斛",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "暹羅"
},
"expansion": "暹羅",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Short for 暹羅斛／暹罗斛 (as recorded in the History of Ming), which was a combined name for two states in modern-day Thailand:\n* 暹 (Xiān) is derived from 暹 (MC sjem), referring to the kingdom of Siam, likely the kingdom of Suvarnabhumi; and\n* 羅斛／罗斛, the kingdom of Lavo (now called Lopburi).\nThe two kingdoms merged in the mid-14ᵗʰ century to become the Ayutthaya Kingdom, and the combined Chinese name 暹羅 remained in use to refer to subsequent Thai kingdoms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "暹罗",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "暹邏"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "暹羅",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Countries in Asia",
"orig": "zh:Countries in Asia",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Former names of countries",
"orig": "zh:Former names of countries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Thailand",
"orig": "zh:Thailand",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Xiānluórén",
"word": "暹羅人"
},
{
"roman": "Xiānluórén",
"word": "暹罗人"
},
{
"roman": "Xiānluówān",
"word": "暹羅灣"
},
{
"roman": "Xiānluówān",
"word": "暹罗湾"
},
{
"roman": "xiānluómāo",
"word": "暹羅貓"
},
{
"roman": "xiānluómāo",
"word": "暹罗猫"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
127,
134
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
59
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"ref": "c. 15th century, 馬歡, “蒲剌加國”, in 瀛涯勝覽; quoted in 三寶征夷集, late Ming:",
"roman": "Cǐchù jiù bù chēng guó, yīn hǎi yǒu wǔ yǔ zhī míng, suì míng yuē wǔ yǔ. Guó wú wáng, zhǐ yǒu tóumù zhǎngguǎn zhūshì. Cǐ yě shǔ Xiānluó suǒ xiá, suì shū jīn sìshí liǎng, fǒuzé chāi rén zhēngfá.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "此處舊不稱國，因海有五嶼之名，遂名曰五嶼。國無王，止有頭目掌管諸事。此也^([sic – meaning 地])屬暹羅所轄，歲輸金四十兩，否則差人征伐。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
127,
134
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
59
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"ref": "c. 15th century, 馬歡, “蒲剌加國”, in 瀛涯勝覽; quoted in 三寶征夷集, late Ming:",
"roman": "Cǐchù jiù bù chēng guó, yīn hǎi yǒu wǔ yǔ zhī míng, suì míng yuē wǔ yǔ. Guó wú wáng, zhǐ yǒu tóumù zhǎngguǎn zhūshì. Cǐ yě shǔ Xiānluó suǒ xiá, suì shū jīn sìshí liǎng, fǒuzé chāi rén zhēngfá.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "此处旧不称国，因海有五屿之名，遂名曰五屿。国无王，止有头目掌管诸事。此也^([sic – meaning 地])属暹罗所辖，岁输金四十两，否则差人征伐。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
60,
67
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
71,
81
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"english": "When shall we get Amoy pumeloes? I like them very much. The Siamese ones are not as good, and the Cantonese are very bad.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"ref": "1902, James Dyer Ball, How to Speak Cantonese, second edition, Hongkong: Kelly & Walsh, pages 76–77:",
"roman": "gei² si⁴⁻² jau⁵ haa⁶ mun⁴ bo¹ luk¹ ni¹? ngo⁵ hou² zung¹ ji³ sik⁶ gaa³. cim³ lo⁴⁻² ge³ mou⁵ gam³ hou², bun² dei⁶⁻² jau⁶ hou² jai⁴ ge³.",
"tags": [
"Jyutping",
"Cantonese"
],
"text": "幾時有厦門波碌呢？我好中意食𡃉。暹羅嘅冇咁好、本地又好𠯋嘅。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
60,
67
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
71,
81
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"english": "When shall we get Amoy pumeloes? I like them very much. The Siamese ones are not as good, and the Cantonese are very bad.",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"ref": "1902, James Dyer Ball, How to Speak Cantonese, second edition, Hongkong: Kelly & Walsh, pages 76–77:",
"roman": "gei² si⁴⁻² jau⁵ haa⁶ mun⁴ bo¹ luk¹ ni¹? ngo⁵ hou² zung¹ ji³ sik⁶ gaa³. cim³ lo⁴⁻² ge³ mou⁵ gam³ hou², bun² dei⁶⁻² jau⁶ hou² jai⁴ ge³.",
"tags": [
"Jyutping",
"Cantonese"
],
"text": "几时有厦门波碌呢？我好中意食𡃉。暹罗嘅冇咁好、本地又好𠯋嘅。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
49,
53
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
43,
50
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "Moreover, Japan wants to occupy the Philippines, Siam, Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and the Dutch East Indies in order to cut off other countries from China and monopolize the southwestern Pacific.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1938, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《論持久戰》 (On Protracted War), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition",
"roman": "Bìngqiě Rìběn hái xiǎng zhànlǐng Fēilǜbīn, Xiānluó, Yuènán, Mǎlái Bàndǎo hé Héshǔ Dōng Yìndù, bǎ wàiguó hé Zhōngguó qiēkāi, dúzhàn xīnán Tàipíngyáng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "並且日本還想佔領菲律賓、暹羅、越南、馬來半島和荷屬東印度，把外國和中國切開，獨佔西南太平洋。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
49,
53
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
43,
50
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "Moreover, Japan wants to occupy the Philippines, Siam, Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and the Dutch East Indies in order to cut off other countries from China and monopolize the southwestern Pacific.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1938, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《論持久戰》 (On Protracted War), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition",
"roman": "Bìngqiě Rìběn hái xiǎng zhànlǐng Fēilǜbīn, Xiānluó, Yuènán, Mǎlái Bàndǎo hé Héshǔ Dōng Yìndù, bǎ wàiguó hé Zhōngguó qiēkāi, dúzhàn xīnán Tàipíngyáng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "并且日本还想占领菲律宾、暹罗、越南、马来半岛和荷属东印度，把外国和中国切开，独占西南太平洋。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Siam (former name of Thailand: a country in Southeast Asia)"
],
"id": "en-暹羅-zh-name-Lg0s9JNW",
"links": [
[
"Siam",
"Siam#English:_Q869"
],
[
"Thailand",
"Thailand#English"
],
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"Southeast Asia",
"Southeast Asia#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Siam (former name of Thailand: a country in Southeast Asia)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Malaysia"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Bangkok",
"Guangfu"
],
"word": "暹羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Jiexi"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Bangkok",
"Jiexi"
],
"word": "暹羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "暹地"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chaozhou"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bangkok",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "暹羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "暹羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wenchang"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"word": "Taiwan"
},
{
"word": "Malaysia"
},
{
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"alt": "Maliba",
"word": "Dagudi"
},
{
"alt": "Longling",
"word": "Reshuitang"
},
{
"alt": "Lancang",
"word": "Mae Salong"
},
{
"alt": "Tengchong",
"word": "Mae Sai"
},
{
"word": "Guangzhou"
},
{
"word": "Hong Kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangfu"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taishan"
],
"word": "Mandalay"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangfu"
],
"word": "Bangkok"
},
{
"alt": "Rongxian",
"word": "Betong"
},
{
"word": "Meixian"
},
{
"word": "Jiexi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiexi"
],
"word": "Bangkok"
},
{
"word": "Xiamen"
},
{
"word": "Quanzhou"
},
{
"word": "Zhangzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "Penang"
},
{
"word": "暹地"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "Manila"
},
{
"word": "Chaozhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "Bangkok"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "Chiang Mai"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "Hat Yai"
},
{
"word": "Wenchang"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Ming",
"Lavo Kingdom",
"Lopburi",
"Suvarnabhumi#Thailand theory"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Xiānluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄢ ㄌㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³ lo⁴⁻²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tiam¹ lo^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "3*"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Siàm-lò"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "siam lo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Siam-lô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Siām-lô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "siam⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Xiānluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄢ ㄌㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Sianluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Hsien¹-lo²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Syān-lwó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Shianluo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Сяньло"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Sjanʹlo"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³ lo⁴⁻²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chim ló"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chim lòh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsim³ lo⁴⁻²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsim³ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "qim³ lo⁴⁻²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "qim³ lo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³ lɔː²¹⁻³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³ lɔː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tiam¹ lo^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "3*"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰiam³³ lᵘɔ²²⁻²²⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Siàm-lò"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xiam^ˇ lo^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xiam² lo²"
},
{
"ipa": "/si̯am¹¹ lo¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "siam lo"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁵⁵ lo⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Siam-lô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "siamlooi"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Siām-lô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "siaxmlooi"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam²²⁻²¹ lo²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siam³³⁻²¹ lɤ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siam³³⁻¹¹ lo²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "siâm lô"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³ lɔː²¹⁻³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³ lɔː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰiam³³ lᵘɔ²²⁻²²⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/si̯am¹¹ lo¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁵⁵ lo⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam²²⁻²¹ lo²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam³³⁻²¹ lɤ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam³³⁻¹¹ lo²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "暹羅"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Xiānluórén",
"word": "暹羅人"
},
{
"roman": "Xiānluórén",
"word": "暹罗人"
},
{
"roman": "Xiānluówān",
"word": "暹羅灣"
},
{
"roman": "Xiānluówān",
"word": "暹罗湾"
},
{
"roman": "xiānluómāo",
"word": "暹羅貓"
},
{
"roman": "xiānluómāo",
"word": "暹罗猫"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "暹羅"
},
"expansion": "暹羅",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^섬라(暹羅)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "暹羅",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 섬라(暹羅) (Seomna)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Xiêm La",
"bor": "1",
"id": "暹羅",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "暹羅"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Xiêm La (暹羅)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暹羅",
"2": "",
"3": "^섬라",
"4": "Xiêm La",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "暹羅",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "暹羅",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "暹羅",
"v": "暹羅",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (暹羅):\n* → Korean: 섬라(暹羅) (Seomna)\n* → Vietnamese: Xiêm La (暹羅)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "^섬라",
"4": "Xiêm La"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (暹羅):\n* → Korean: 섬라(暹羅) (Seomna)\n* → Vietnamese: Xiêm La (暹羅)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (暹羅):\n* → Korean: 섬라(暹羅) (Seomna)\n* → Vietnamese: Xiêm La (暹羅)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "暹羅斛"
},
"expansion": "Short for 暹羅斛／暹罗斛",
"name": "zh-etym-short"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暹",
"tr": "Xiān"
},
"expansion": "暹 (Xiān)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "暹"
},
"expansion": "暹 (MC sjem)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "羅斛"
},
"expansion": "羅斛／罗斛",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "暹羅"
},
"expansion": "暹羅",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Short for 暹羅斛／暹罗斛 (as recorded in the History of Ming), which was a combined name for two states in modern-day Thailand:\n* 暹 (Xiān) is derived from 暹 (MC sjem), referring to the kingdom of Siam, likely the kingdom of Suvarnabhumi; and\n* 羅斛／罗斛, the kingdom of Lavo (now called Lopburi).\nThe two kingdoms merged in the mid-14ᵗʰ century to become the Ayutthaya Kingdom, and the combined Chinese name 暹羅 remained in use to refer to subsequent Thai kingdoms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "暹罗",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "暹邏"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "暹羅",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese proper nouns",
"Cantonese terms with quotations",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese short forms",
"Chinese terms spelled with 暹",
"Chinese terms spelled with 羅",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with historical senses",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka proper nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien proper nouns",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin proper nouns",
"Mandarin terms with quotations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Literary Chinese quotations",
"Taishanese lemmas",
"Taishanese proper nouns",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew proper nouns",
"zh:Countries in Asia",
"zh:Former names of countries",
"zh:Thailand"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
127,
134
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
59
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"ref": "c. 15th century, 馬歡, “蒲剌加國”, in 瀛涯勝覽; quoted in 三寶征夷集, late Ming:",
"roman": "Cǐchù jiù bù chēng guó, yīn hǎi yǒu wǔ yǔ zhī míng, suì míng yuē wǔ yǔ. Guó wú wáng, zhǐ yǒu tóumù zhǎngguǎn zhūshì. Cǐ yě shǔ Xiānluó suǒ xiá, suì shū jīn sìshí liǎng, fǒuzé chāi rén zhēngfá.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "此處舊不稱國，因海有五嶼之名，遂名曰五嶼。國無王，止有頭目掌管諸事。此也^([sic – meaning 地])屬暹羅所轄，歲輸金四十兩，否則差人征伐。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
127,
134
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
59
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"ref": "c. 15th century, 馬歡, “蒲剌加國”, in 瀛涯勝覽; quoted in 三寶征夷集, late Ming:",
"roman": "Cǐchù jiù bù chēng guó, yīn hǎi yǒu wǔ yǔ zhī míng, suì míng yuē wǔ yǔ. Guó wú wáng, zhǐ yǒu tóumù zhǎngguǎn zhūshì. Cǐ yě shǔ Xiānluó suǒ xiá, suì shū jīn sìshí liǎng, fǒuzé chāi rén zhēngfá.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "此处旧不称国，因海有五屿之名，遂名曰五屿。国无王，止有头目掌管诸事。此也^([sic – meaning 地])属暹罗所辖，岁输金四十两，否则差人征伐。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
60,
67
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
71,
81
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"english": "When shall we get Amoy pumeloes? I like them very much. The Siamese ones are not as good, and the Cantonese are very bad.",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"ref": "1902, James Dyer Ball, How to Speak Cantonese, second edition, Hongkong: Kelly & Walsh, pages 76–77:",
"roman": "gei² si⁴⁻² jau⁵ haa⁶ mun⁴ bo¹ luk¹ ni¹? ngo⁵ hou² zung¹ ji³ sik⁶ gaa³. cim³ lo⁴⁻² ge³ mou⁵ gam³ hou², bun² dei⁶⁻² jau⁶ hou² jai⁴ ge³.",
"tags": [
"Jyutping",
"Cantonese"
],
"text": "幾時有厦門波碌呢？我好中意食𡃉。暹羅嘅冇咁好、本地又好𠯋嘅。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
60,
67
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
71,
81
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"english": "When shall we get Amoy pumeloes? I like them very much. The Siamese ones are not as good, and the Cantonese are very bad.",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"ref": "1902, James Dyer Ball, How to Speak Cantonese, second edition, Hongkong: Kelly & Walsh, pages 76–77:",
"roman": "gei² si⁴⁻² jau⁵ haa⁶ mun⁴ bo¹ luk¹ ni¹? ngo⁵ hou² zung¹ ji³ sik⁶ gaa³. cim³ lo⁴⁻² ge³ mou⁵ gam³ hou², bun² dei⁶⁻² jau⁶ hou² jai⁴ ge³.",
"tags": [
"Jyutping",
"Cantonese"
],
"text": "几时有厦门波碌呢？我好中意食𡃉。暹罗嘅冇咁好、本地又好𠯋嘅。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
49,
53
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
43,
50
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "Moreover, Japan wants to occupy the Philippines, Siam, Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and the Dutch East Indies in order to cut off other countries from China and monopolize the southwestern Pacific.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1938, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《論持久戰》 (On Protracted War), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition",
"roman": "Bìngqiě Rìběn hái xiǎng zhànlǐng Fēilǜbīn, Xiānluó, Yuènán, Mǎlái Bàndǎo hé Héshǔ Dōng Yìndù, bǎ wàiguó hé Zhōngguó qiēkāi, dúzhàn xīnán Tàipíngyáng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "並且日本還想佔領菲律賓、暹羅、越南、馬來半島和荷屬東印度，把外國和中國切開，獨佔西南太平洋。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
49,
53
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
43,
50
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
14
]
],
"english": "Moreover, Japan wants to occupy the Philippines, Siam, Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and the Dutch East Indies in order to cut off other countries from China and monopolize the southwestern Pacific.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1938, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《論持久戰》 (On Protracted War), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition",
"roman": "Bìngqiě Rìběn hái xiǎng zhànlǐng Fēilǜbīn, Xiānluó, Yuènán, Mǎlái Bàndǎo hé Héshǔ Dōng Yìndù, bǎ wàiguó hé Zhōngguó qiēkāi, dúzhàn xīnán Tàipíngyáng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "并且日本还想占领菲律宾、暹罗、越南、马来半岛和荷属东印度，把外国和中国切开，独占西南太平洋。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Siam (former name of Thailand: a country in Southeast Asia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Siam",
"Siam#English:_Q869"
],
[
"Thailand",
"Thailand#English"
],
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"Southeast Asia",
"Southeast Asia#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Siam (former name of Thailand: a country in Southeast Asia)"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ayutthaya Kingdom",
"History of Ming",
"Lavo Kingdom",
"Lopburi",
"Suvarnabhumi#Thailand theory"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Xiānluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄢ ㄌㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³ lo⁴⁻²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tiam¹ lo^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "3*"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Siàm-lò"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "siam lo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Siam-lô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Siām-lô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "siam⁵ lo⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Xiānluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄢ ㄌㄨㄛˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Sianluó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Hsien¹-lo²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Syān-lwó"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Shianluo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Сяньло"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Sjanʹlo"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³ lo⁴⁻²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cim³ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chim ló"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chim lòh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsim³ lo⁴⁻²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsim³ lo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "qim³ lo⁴⁻²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "qim³ lo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³ lɔː²¹⁻³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³ lɔː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tiam¹ lo^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "3*"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰiam³³ lᵘɔ²²⁻²²⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Siàm-lò"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xiam^ˇ lo^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "xiam² lo²"
},
{
"ipa": "/si̯am¹¹ lo¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Zhudong"
],
"zh-pron": "siam lo"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁵⁵ lo⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hailu",
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhudong"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Siam-lô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "siamlooi"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Siām-lô"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "siaxmlooi"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam²²⁻²¹ lo²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Singapore",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siam³³⁻²¹ lɤ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/siam³³⁻¹¹ lo²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "siâm lô"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³ lɔː²¹⁻³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiːm³³ lɔː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰiam³³ lᵘɔ²²⁻²²⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/si̯am¹¹ lo¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁵⁵ lo⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam²²⁻²¹ lo²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam³³⁻²¹ lɤ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam³³⁻¹¹ lo²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/siam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Malaysia"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Bangkok",
"Guangfu"
],
"word": "暹羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Jiexi"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Bangkok",
"Jiexi"
],
"word": "暹羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "暹地"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chaozhou"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bangkok",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "暹羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "暹羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wenchang"
],
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"word": "泰國"
},
{
"word": "Taiwan"
},
{
"word": "Malaysia"
},
{
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"alt": "Maliba",
"word": "Dagudi"
},
{
"alt": "Longling",
"word": "Reshuitang"
},
{
"alt": "Lancang",
"word": "Mae Salong"
},
{
"alt": "Tengchong",
"word": "Mae Sai"
},
{
"word": "Guangzhou"
},
{
"word": "Hong Kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangfu"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taishan"
],
"word": "Mandalay"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangfu"
],
"word": "Bangkok"
},
{
"alt": "Rongxian",
"word": "Betong"
},
{
"word": "Meixian"
},
{
"word": "Jiexi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiexi"
],
"word": "Bangkok"
},
{
"word": "Xiamen"
},
{
"word": "Quanzhou"
},
{
"word": "Zhangzhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "Penang"
},
{
"word": "暹地"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "Singapore"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "Manila"
},
{
"word": "Chaozhou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "Bangkok"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "Chiang Mai"
},
{
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "Hat Yai"
},
{
"word": "Wenchang"
}
],
"word": "暹羅"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 暹羅 meaning in Chinese (15.6kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"暹羅"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "暹羅",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (8b3c49c and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.