孤立系統 in Chinese

IPA: /ku⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kuː⁵⁵ laːp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kuː⁵⁵ lɐp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ku⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /kuː⁵⁵ laːp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/, /kuː⁵⁵ lɐp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/ Chinese transliterations: gūlì xìtǒng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄍㄨㄌㄧˋ ㄒㄧˋ ㄊㄨㄥˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gu¹ laap⁶ hai⁶ tung² [Cantonese, Jyutping], gu¹ lap⁶ hai⁶ tung² [Cantonese, Jyutping], gūlì xìtǒng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], gulì sìtǒng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], ku¹-li⁴ hsi⁴-tʻung³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], gū-lì syì-tǔng [Mandarin, Yale], gulih shihtoong [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], гули ситун [Mandarin, Palladius], guli situn [Mandarin, Palladius], gū laahp haih túng [Cantonese, Yale], gū lahp haih túng [Cantonese, Yale], gu¹ laap⁹ hai⁶ tung² [Cantonese, Pinyin], gu¹ lap⁹ hai⁶ tung² [Cantonese, Pinyin], gu¹ lab⁶ hei⁶ tung² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], gu¹ leb⁶ hei⁶ tung² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 孤立系統

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "孤立系統",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Physics",
          "orig": "zh:Physics",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "isolated system"
      ],
      "id": "en-孤立系統-zh-noun-EXHro-c1",
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "isolated system",
          "isolated system"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) isolated system"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūlì xìtǒng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄌㄧˋ ㄒㄧˋ ㄊㄨㄥˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ laap⁶ hai⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ lap⁶ hai⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūlì xìtǒng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gulì sìtǒng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku¹-li⁴ hsi⁴-tʻung³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gū-lì syì-tǔng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gulih shihtoong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гули ситун"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guli situn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gū laahp haih túng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gū lahp haih túng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ laap⁹ hai⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ lap⁹ hai⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ lab⁶ hei⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ leb⁶ hei⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ laːp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ lɐp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ laːp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ lɐp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "孤立系統"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "孤立系統",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese nouns",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "zh:Physics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "isolated system"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "isolated system",
          "isolated system"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) isolated system"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūlì xìtǒng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨ ㄌㄧˋ ㄒㄧˋ ㄊㄨㄥˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ laap⁶ hai⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ lap⁶ hai⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūlì xìtǒng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gulì sìtǒng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku¹-li⁴ hsi⁴-tʻung³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gū-lì syì-tǔng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gulih shihtoong"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гули ситун"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guli situn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gū laahp haih túng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gū lahp haih túng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ laap⁹ hai⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ lap⁹ hai⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ lab⁶ hei⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu¹ leb⁶ hei⁶ tung²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ laːp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ lɐp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ laːp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː⁵⁵ lɐp̚² hɐi̯²² tʰʊŋ³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "孤立系統"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "孤立系統"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "孤立系統",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "孤立系統"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "孤立系統",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"孤立系統" meaning in Chinese

Noun