See 匈奴 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "匈奴"
},
"expansion": "匈奴",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "匈%奴",
"2": "^きょう%ど",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "匈(きょう)奴(ど) (Kyōdo)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^흉노(匈奴)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "匈奴",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 흉노(匈奴) (Hyungno)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Hung Nô",
"bor": "1",
"id": "匈奴",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "匈奴"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Hung Nô (匈奴)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "匈奴",
"2": "^きょう%ど",
"3": "^흉노",
"4": "Hung Nô",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "匈奴",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "匈奴",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "匈%奴",
"v": "匈奴",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (匈奴):\n* → Japanese: 匈(きょう)奴(ど) (Kyōdo)\n* → Korean: 흉노(匈奴) (Hyungno)\n* → Vietnamese: Hung Nô (匈奴)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "^きょう%ど",
"3": "^흉노",
"4": "Hung Nô",
"j": "匈%奴"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (匈奴):\n* → Japanese: 匈(きょう)奴(ど) (Kyōdo)\n* → Korean: 흉노(匈奴) (Hyungno)\n* → Vietnamese: Hung Nô (匈奴)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (匈奴):\n* → Japanese: 匈(きょう)奴(ど) (Kyōdo)\n* → Korean: 흉노(匈奴) (Hyungno)\n* → Vietnamese: Hung Nô (匈奴)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Xiongnu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Xiongnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Xiongnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сю́нну",
"3": "сюнну́",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: сю́нну (sjúnnu), сюнну́ (sjunnú)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: сю́нну (sjúnnu), сюнну́ (sjunnú)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler (2014)"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler (2014)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हूण"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हूण (hūṇa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Hunni"
},
"expansion": "Latin Hunni",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Οὗννος",
"3": "Οὗννοι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Οὗννοι (Hoûnnoi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Pulleyblank, 2000"
},
"expansion": "Pulleyblank, 2000",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Schuessler (2014) reconstructs its 318 BCE pronunciation as *hoŋ-nâ and later *hɨoŋ-nɑ, which he suggests to be a Han or pre-Han transcription of foreign *Hŏna or *Hŭna, which may be connected to Sanskrit हूण (hūṇa), Huns, Latin Hunni, Ancient Greek Οὗννοι (Hoûnnoi) (ibid.; Pulleyblank, 2000).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "匈奴",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Tribes",
"orig": "zh:Tribes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
117,
124
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
34
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Zhanguo Ce, circa 5ᵗʰ – 3ʳᵈ centuries BCE",
"roman": "Fú Fán jiāngjūn kùnqióng yú tiānxià, guīshēn yú Dān, Dān zhōng bù pò yú qiáng Qín, ér qì suǒ āilián zhī jiāo zhì zhī Xiōngnú, shì Dān mìng gù zú zhī shí yě.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "夫樊將軍困窮於天下，歸身於丹，丹終不迫於強秦，而棄所哀憐之交置之匈奴，是丹命固卒之時也。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
117,
124
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
34
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Zhanguo Ce, circa 5ᵗʰ – 3ʳᵈ centuries BCE",
"roman": "Fú Fán jiāngjūn kùnqióng yú tiānxià, guīshēn yú Dān, Dān zhōng bù pò yú qiáng Qín, ér qì suǒ āilián zhī jiāo zhì zhī Xiōngnú, shì Dān mìng gù zú zhī shí yě.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "夫樊将军困穷于天下，归身于丹，丹终不迫于强秦，而弃所哀怜之交置之匈奴，是丹命固卒之时也。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Xiongnu (ancient nomadic-based people that formed a state or confederation north of the agriculture-based empire of the Han dynasty)"
],
"id": "en-匈奴-zh-name-DbxdX~Xn",
"links": [
[
"Xiongnu",
"Xiongnu"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Xiongnu (ancient nomadic-based people that formed a state or confederation north of the agriculture-based empire of the Han dynasty)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Gōngnú",
"sense": "Xin dynasty",
"word": "恭奴"
},
{
"sense": "Zhou dynasty",
"word": "獫狁"
},
{
"sense": "Zhou dynasty",
"word": "猃狁"
},
{
"word": "玁狁"
},
{
"word": "𤞤狁"
},
{
"word": "葷粥"
},
{
"word": "荤粥"
},
{
"roman": "Guǐfāng",
"sense": "Shang dynasty",
"word": "鬼方"
},
{
"roman": "Xūnyù",
"sense": "Xia dynasty",
"word": "獯鬻"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Xiōngnú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄩㄥ ㄋㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hung¹ nou⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Hiûng-nù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Hiong-lô͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hiong¹ nou¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Xiōngnú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄩㄥ ㄋㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Syongnú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Hsiung¹-nu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Syūng-nú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Shiongnu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Сюнну"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Sjunnu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ nu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hūng nòuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hung¹ nou⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "hung¹ nou⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/hʊŋ⁵⁵ nou̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Hiûng-nù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hiung^ˊ nu^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hiung¹ nu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hi̯uŋ²⁴ nu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Hiong-lôo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "hiongloo"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ³³ lɔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hiong nou"
},
{
"ipa": "/hioŋ³³⁻²³ nou³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "xjowng nu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*qʰoŋ naː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ nu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hʊŋ⁵⁵ nou̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hi̯uŋ²⁴ nu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ³³ lɔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hioŋ³³⁻²³ nou³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*qʰoŋ naː/"
}
],
"word": "匈奴"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "匈奴"
},
"expansion": "匈奴",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "匈%奴",
"2": "^きょう%ど",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "匈(きょう)奴(ど) (Kyōdo)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^흉노(匈奴)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "匈奴",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 흉노(匈奴) (Hyungno)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Hung Nô",
"bor": "1",
"id": "匈奴",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "匈奴"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Hung Nô (匈奴)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "匈奴",
"2": "^きょう%ど",
"3": "^흉노",
"4": "Hung Nô",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "匈奴",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "匈奴",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "匈%奴",
"v": "匈奴",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (匈奴):\n* → Japanese: 匈(きょう)奴(ど) (Kyōdo)\n* → Korean: 흉노(匈奴) (Hyungno)\n* → Vietnamese: Hung Nô (匈奴)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "^きょう%ど",
"3": "^흉노",
"4": "Hung Nô",
"j": "匈%奴"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (匈奴):\n* → Japanese: 匈(きょう)奴(ど) (Kyōdo)\n* → Korean: 흉노(匈奴) (Hyungno)\n* → Vietnamese: Hung Nô (匈奴)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (匈奴):\n* → Japanese: 匈(きょう)奴(ど) (Kyōdo)\n* → Korean: 흉노(匈奴) (Hyungno)\n* → Vietnamese: Hung Nô (匈奴)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Xiongnu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Xiongnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Xiongnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сю́нну",
"3": "сюнну́",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: сю́нну (sjúnnu), сюнну́ (sjunnú)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: сю́нну (sjúnnu), сюнну́ (sjunnú)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler (2014)"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler (2014)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हूण"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हूण (hūṇa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Hunni"
},
"expansion": "Latin Hunni",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Οὗννος",
"3": "Οὗννοι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Οὗννοι (Hoûnnoi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Pulleyblank, 2000"
},
"expansion": "Pulleyblank, 2000",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Schuessler (2014) reconstructs its 318 BCE pronunciation as *hoŋ-nâ and later *hɨoŋ-nɑ, which he suggests to be a Han or pre-Han transcription of foreign *Hŏna or *Hŭna, which may be connected to Sanskrit हूण (hūṇa), Huns, Latin Hunni, Ancient Greek Οὗννοι (Hoûnnoi) (ibid.; Pulleyblank, 2000).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "匈奴",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese proper nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 匈",
"Chinese terms spelled with 奴",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with historical senses",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka proper nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien proper nouns",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin proper nouns",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese proper nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Literary Chinese quotations",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew proper nouns",
"zh:Tribes"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
117,
124
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
34
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Zhanguo Ce, circa 5ᵗʰ – 3ʳᵈ centuries BCE",
"roman": "Fú Fán jiāngjūn kùnqióng yú tiānxià, guīshēn yú Dān, Dān zhōng bù pò yú qiáng Qín, ér qì suǒ āilián zhī jiāo zhì zhī Xiōngnú, shì Dān mìng gù zú zhī shí yě.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "夫樊將軍困窮於天下，歸身於丹，丹終不迫於強秦，而棄所哀憐之交置之匈奴，是丹命固卒之時也。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
117,
124
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
34
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese poetry",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Zhanguo Ce, circa 5ᵗʰ – 3ʳᵈ centuries BCE",
"roman": "Fú Fán jiāngjūn kùnqióng yú tiānxià, guīshēn yú Dān, Dān zhōng bù pò yú qiáng Qín, ér qì suǒ āilián zhī jiāo zhì zhī Xiōngnú, shì Dān mìng gù zú zhī shí yě.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "夫樊将军困穷于天下，归身于丹，丹终不迫于强秦，而弃所哀怜之交置之匈奴，是丹命固卒之时也。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Xiongnu (ancient nomadic-based people that formed a state or confederation north of the agriculture-based empire of the Han dynasty)"
],
"links": [
[
"Xiongnu",
"Xiongnu"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Xiongnu (ancient nomadic-based people that formed a state or confederation north of the agriculture-based empire of the Han dynasty)"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Xiōngnú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄩㄥ ㄋㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hung¹ nou⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Hiûng-nù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Hiong-lô͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hiong¹ nou¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Xiōngnú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄩㄥ ㄋㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Syongnú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Hsiung¹-nu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Syūng-nú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Shiongnu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Сюнну"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Sjunnu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ nu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hūng nòuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hung¹ nou⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "hung¹ nou⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/hʊŋ⁵⁵ nou̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Hiûng-nù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hiung^ˊ nu^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hiung¹ nu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hi̯uŋ²⁴ nu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Hiong-lôo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "hiongloo"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ³³ lɔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hiong nou"
},
{
"ipa": "/hioŋ³³⁻²³ nou³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "xjowng nu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*qʰoŋ naː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ nu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hʊŋ⁵⁵ nou̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hi̯uŋ²⁴ nu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ³³ lɔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hioŋ³³⁻²³ nou³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*qʰoŋ naː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Gōngnú",
"sense": "Xin dynasty",
"word": "恭奴"
},
{
"sense": "Zhou dynasty",
"word": "獫狁"
},
{
"sense": "Zhou dynasty",
"word": "猃狁"
},
{
"word": "玁狁"
},
{
"word": "𤞤狁"
},
{
"roman": "Guǐfāng",
"sense": "Shang dynasty",
"word": "鬼方"
},
{
"roman": "Xūnyù",
"sense": "Xia dynasty",
"word": "獯鬻"
},
{
"word": "葷粥"
},
{
"word": "荤粥"
}
],
"word": "匈奴"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 匈奴 meaning in Chinese (9.0kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"匈奴"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "匈奴",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.