不平等條約 in Chinese

IPA: /pu⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /pɐt̚⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ tɐŋ³⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹ jœːk̚³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiau²³⁻³³ iɔk̚³²/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔk̚³²/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /pu⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵/, /pɐt̚⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ tɐŋ³⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹ jœːk̚³/, /put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiau²³⁻³³ iɔk̚³²/, /put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔk̚³²/ Chinese transliterations: bùpíngděng tiáoyuē [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄅㄨˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄥˇ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄩㄝ [Mandarin, bopomofo], bat¹ ping⁴ dang² tiu⁴ joek³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], put-pêng-téng tiâu-iok, bùpíngděng tiáoyuē [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], bùpíngděng tiáoyue [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], pu⁴-pʻing²-têng³ tʻiao²-yüeh¹ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], bù-píng-děng tyáu-ywē [Mandarin, Yale], bupyngdeeng tyauiue [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], бупиндэн тяоюэ [Mandarin, Palladius], bupindɛn tjaojue [Mandarin, Palladius], bāt pìhng dáng tìuh yeuk [Cantonese, Yale], bat⁷ ping⁴ dang² tiu⁴ joek⁸ [Cantonese, Pinyin], bed¹ ping⁴ deng² tiu⁴ yêg³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], put-pêng-téng tiâu-iok [Hokkien, POJ], put-pîng-tíng tiâu-iok [Hokkien, Tai-lo], putpengdeang diau'iog [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: First attested in volume 73 of 新民叢報 [1906]: : 1906 February 25, 希白, “上海領事裁判及會審制度”, in 新民叢報, volume 73, page 32: :* 一言蔽之，則領事裁判權者，實不平等條約之結果也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]一言蔽之，则领事裁判权者，实不平等条约之结果也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.] Yīyánbìzhī, zé lǐngshì cáipànquán zhě, shí bùpíngděng tiáoyuē zhī jiéguǒ yě. [Pinyin] In short, the granting of extraterritorial jurisdiction to foreign consulates is, in reality, a consequence of unequal treaties. However, the concept of unequal treaty dates back earlier. An instance of referring to treaties (條約／条约) as unequal (不平等) can be found in an article translated from a Japanese newspaper article and published in 時務報 in 1897: : 1897, “日本外交標準”, in 時務報, volume 20, page 28: :* 我國與歐美諸邦訂盟，誤作不平等之條約。邇來實四十餘年，為其所屈，苦已極矣。然我國重邦交之義，守公私交際之法，今也盡行改訂，而所餘者，唯奧國耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]我国与欧美诸邦订盟，误作不平等之条约。迩来实四十余年，为其所屈，苦已极矣。然我国重邦交之义，守公私交际之法，今也尽行改订，而所余者，唯奥国耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.] Wǒguó yǔ ōuměi zhū bāng dìngméng, wù zuò bùpíngděng zhī tiáoyuē. Ěrlái shí sìshí yú nián, wéi qí suǒ qū, kǔ yǐ jí yǐ. Rán wǒguó zhòng bāngjiāo zhī yì, shǒu gōngsī jiāojì zhī fǎ, jīn yě jìnxíng gǎidìng, ér suǒ yú zhě, wéi Àoguó ěr. [Pinyin] (please add an English translation of this quotation) The concept of unequal treaties gained traction towards the conclusion of World War I and was subsequently popularized by Sun Yat-sen in 1923, leading to its widespread usage. Etymology templates: {{l|zh|新民叢報//|lit=|pos=|sc=|t=|tr=}} 新民叢報, {{lw|zh|新民叢報}} 新民叢報, {{defdate|1906}} [1906], {{l|zh|新民叢報//|lit=|pos=|sc=|t=|tr=}} 新民叢報, {{lw|zh|新民叢報}} 新民叢報, {{quote-journal|zh|author=zh:希白|date=Feb 1906|page=32|pageurl=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC404-01J000591-11775_%E6%96%B0%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%A2%E5%A0%B1_1906%E5%B9%B473%E6%9C%9F.pdf&page=48|title=zh:上海領事裁判及會審制度|volume=73|work=新民叢報}} 1906 February 25, 希白, “上海領事裁判及會審制度”, in 新民叢報, volume 73, page 32:, {{zh-q|一言蔽之，則領事裁判權者，實不平等.條約之結果也。|In short, the granting of extraterritorial jurisdiction to foreign consulates is, in reality, a consequence of unequal treaties.|CL|collapsed=y}} 一言蔽之，則領事裁判權者，實不平等條約之結果也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]一言蔽之，则领事裁判权者，实不平等条约之结果也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.] Yīyánbìzhī, zé lǐngshì cáipànquán zhě, shí bùpíngděng tiáoyuē zhī jiéguǒ yě. [Pinyin] In short, the granting of extraterritorial jurisdiction to foreign consulates is, in reality, a consequence of unequal treaties., {{zh-l|條約|tr=-}} 條約／条约, {{zh-l|不平等|tr=-}} 不平等, {{l|zh|時務報//|lit=|pos=|sc=|t=|tr=}} 時務報, {{lw|zh|時務報}} 時務報, {{l|zh|時務報//|lit=|pos=|sc=|t=|tr=}} 時務報, {{lw|zh|時務報}} 時務報, {{quote-journal|zh|page=28|pageurl=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC404-00J004588-106070_%E6%99%82%E5%8B%99%E5%A0%B1_1897%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC20%E6%9C%9F.pdf&page=58|title=zh:日本外交標準|volume=20|work=時務報|year=1897}} 1897, “日本外交標準”, in 時務報, volume 20, page 28:, {{zh-q|我國與歐美諸邦訂盟，誤作不平等之條約。邇來實四十餘年，為{wéi} 其所屈，苦已極矣。然我國重邦交之義，守公私交際之法，今也盡行改訂，而所餘者，唯 ^奧國耳。||CL|collapsed=y}} 我國與歐美諸邦訂盟，誤作不平等之條約。邇來實四十餘年，為其所屈，苦已極矣。然我國重邦交之義，守公私交際之法，今也盡行改訂，而所餘者，唯奧國耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]我国与欧美诸邦订盟，误作不平等之条约。迩来实四十余年，为其所屈，苦已极矣。然我国重邦交之义，守公私交际之法，今也尽行改订，而所余者，唯奥国耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.] Wǒguó yǔ ōuměi zhū bāng dìngméng, wù zuò bùpíngděng zhī tiáoyuē. Ěrlái shí sìshí yú nián, wéi qí suǒ qū, kǔ yǐ jí yǐ. Rán wǒguó zhòng bāngjiāo zhī yì, shǒu gōngsī jiāojì zhī fǎ, jīn yě jìnxíng gǎidìng, ér suǒ yú zhě, wéi Àoguó ěr. [Pinyin] (please add an English translation of this quotation) Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 不平等條約

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        "1": "一言蔽之，則 領事 裁判權 者，實 不平等.條約 之 結果 也。",
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        "title": "zh:日本外交標準",
        "volume": "20",
        "work": "時務報",
        "year": "1897"
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      "args": {
        "1": "我國 與 歐美 諸 邦 訂盟，誤 作 不平等 之 條約。邇來 實 四十 餘 年，為{wéi} 其 所 屈，苦 已 極 矣。然 我國 重 邦交 之 義，守 公私 交際 之 法，今 也 盡行 改訂，而 所 餘 者，唯 ^奧國 耳。",
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      "expansion": "我國與歐美諸邦訂盟，誤作不平等之條約。邇來實四十餘年，為其所屈，苦已極矣。然我國重邦交之義，守公私交際之法，今也盡行改訂，而所餘者，唯奧國耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]我国与欧美诸邦订盟，误作不平等之条约。迩来实四十余年，为其所屈，苦已极矣。然我国重邦交之义，守公私交际之法，今也尽行改订，而所余者，唯奥国耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nWǒguó yǔ ōuměi zhū bāng dìngméng, wù zuò bùpíngděng zhī tiáoyuē. Ěrlái shí sìshí yú nián, wéi qí suǒ qū, kǔ yǐ jí yǐ. Rán wǒguó zhòng bāngjiāo zhī yì, shǒu gōngsī jiāojì zhī fǎ, jīn yě jìnxíng gǎidìng, ér suǒ yú zhě, wéi Àoguó ěr. [Pinyin]\n(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
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  "etymology_text": "First attested in volume 73 of 新民叢報 [1906]:\n:\n1906 February 25, 希白, “上海領事裁判及會審制度”, in 新民叢報, volume 73, page 32:\n:*\n一言蔽之，則領事裁判權者，實不平等條約之結果也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]一言蔽之，则领事裁判权者，实不平等条约之结果也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nYīyánbìzhī, zé lǐngshì cáipànquán zhě, shí bùpíngděng tiáoyuē zhī jiéguǒ yě. [Pinyin]\nIn short, the granting of extraterritorial jurisdiction to foreign consulates is, in reality, a consequence of unequal treaties.\nHowever, the concept of unequal treaty dates back earlier. An instance of referring to treaties (條約／条约) as unequal (不平等) can be found in an article translated from a Japanese newspaper article and published in 時務報 in 1897:\n:\n1897, “日本外交標準”, in 時務報, volume 20, page 28:\n:*\n我國與歐美諸邦訂盟，誤作不平等之條約。邇來實四十餘年，為其所屈，苦已極矣。然我國重邦交之義，守公私交際之法，今也盡行改訂，而所餘者，唯奧國耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]我国与欧美诸邦订盟，误作不平等之条约。迩来实四十余年，为其所屈，苦已极矣。然我国重邦交之义，守公私交际之法，今也尽行改订，而所余者，唯奥国耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nWǒguó yǔ ōuměi zhū bāng dìngméng, wù zuò bùpíngděng zhī tiáoyuē. Ěrlái shí sìshí yú nián, wéi qí suǒ qū, kǔ yǐ jí yǐ. Rán wǒguó zhòng bāngjiāo zhī yì, shǒu gōngsī jiāojì zhī fǎ, jīn yě jìnxíng gǎidìng, ér suǒ yú zhě, wéi Àoguó ěr. [Pinyin]\n(please add an English translation of this quotation)\nThe concept of unequal treaties gained traction towards the conclusion of World War I and was subsequently popularized by Sun Yat-sen in 1923, leading to its widespread usage.",
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        "2": "noun"
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      "expansion": "不平等條約",
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          "name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
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            "Entry maintenance"
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        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "History of Asia",
          "orig": "zh:History of Asia",
          "parents": [
            "Asia",
            "History",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "All topics",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental"
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          "source": "w"
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        {
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          "name": "International law",
          "orig": "zh:International law",
          "parents": [
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            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
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          "source": "w"
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The imperialist powers forced a series of unequal treaties upon China.",
          "ref": "帝國主義列強強加給中國一系列不平等條約。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "帝国主义列强强加给中国一系列不平等条约。 [MSC, simp.]\nDìguózhǔyì lièqiáng qiángjiā gěi Zhōngguó yī xìliè bù píngděng tiáoyuē. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Abrogate all unequal treaties!",
          "ref": "廢除一切不平等條約！ [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "废除一切不平等条约！ [MSC, simp.]\nFèichú yīqiè bù píngděng tiáoyuē! [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Unequal treaties granted extraterritoriality to the citizens of the great powers.",
          "ref": "不平等條約授予列強國民在華的治外法權。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "不平等条约授予列强国民在华的治外法权。 [MSC, simp.]\nBù píngděng tiáoyuē shòuyǔ lièqiáng guómín zài huá de zhìwàifǎquán. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unequal treaty (treaty forced upon weaker nations by imperialist power)"
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      "id": "en-不平等條約-zh-noun-7WLXGto6",
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      "zh-pron": "bùpíngděng tiáoyuē"
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    {
      "tags": [
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        "bopomofo"
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      "zh-pron": "ㄅㄨˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄥˇ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄩㄝ"
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      "zh-pron": "bat¹ ping⁴ dang² tiu⁴ joek³"
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      "tags": [
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        "Mandarin"
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      "zh-pron": "bùpíngděng tiáoyuē"
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    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bùpíngděng tiáoyue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "pu⁴-pʻing²-têng³ tʻiao²-yüeh¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bù-píng-děng tyáu-ywē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bupyngdeeng tyauiue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "бупиндэн тяоюэ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bupindɛn tjaojue"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pu⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bāt pìhng dáng tìuh yeuk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bat⁷ ping⁴ dang² tiu⁴ joek⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bed¹ ping⁴ deng² tiu⁴ yêg³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɐt̚⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ tɐŋ³⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹ jœːk̚³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "put-pêng-téng tiâu-iok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "put-pîng-tíng tiâu-iok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "putpengdeang diau'iog"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiau²³⁻³³ iɔk̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔk̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pu⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɐt̚⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ tɐŋ³⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹ jœːk̚³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiau²³⁻³³ iɔk̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔk̚³²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "不平等條約"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "新民叢報//",
        "lit": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "t": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "新民叢報",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "新民叢報"
      },
      "expansion": "新民叢報",
      "name": "lw"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1906"
      },
      "expansion": "[1906]",
      "name": "defdate"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "新民叢報//",
        "lit": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "t": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "新民叢報",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "新民叢報"
      },
      "expansion": "新民叢報",
      "name": "lw"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "author": "zh:希白",
        "date": "Feb 1906",
        "page": "32",
        "pageurl": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC404-01J000591-11775_%E6%96%B0%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%A2%E5%A0%B1_1906%E5%B9%B473%E6%9C%9F.pdf&page=48",
        "title": "zh:上海領事裁判及會審制度",
        "volume": "73",
        "work": "新民叢報"
      },
      "expansion": "1906 February 25, 希白, “上海領事裁判及會審制度”, in 新民叢報, volume 73, page 32:",
      "name": "quote-journal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "一言蔽之，則 領事 裁判權 者，實 不平等.條約 之 結果 也。",
        "2": "In short, the granting of extraterritorial jurisdiction to foreign consulates is, in reality, a consequence of unequal treaties.",
        "3": "CL",
        "collapsed": "y"
      },
      "expansion": "一言蔽之，則領事裁判權者，實不平等條約之結果也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]一言蔽之，则领事裁判权者，实不平等条约之结果也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nYīyánbìzhī, zé lǐngshì cáipànquán zhě, shí bùpíngděng tiáoyuē zhī jiéguǒ yě. [Pinyin]\nIn short, the granting of extraterritorial jurisdiction to foreign consulates is, in reality, a consequence of unequal treaties.",
      "name": "zh-q"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "條約",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "條約／条约",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "不平等",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "不平等",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "時務報//",
        "lit": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "t": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "時務報",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "時務報"
      },
      "expansion": "時務報",
      "name": "lw"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "時務報//",
        "lit": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "t": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "時務報",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "時務報"
      },
      "expansion": "時務報",
      "name": "lw"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "page": "28",
        "pageurl": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC404-00J004588-106070_%E6%99%82%E5%8B%99%E5%A0%B1_1897%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC20%E6%9C%9F.pdf&page=58",
        "title": "zh:日本外交標準",
        "volume": "20",
        "work": "時務報",
        "year": "1897"
      },
      "expansion": "1897, “日本外交標準”, in 時務報, volume 20, page 28:",
      "name": "quote-journal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "我國 與 歐美 諸 邦 訂盟，誤 作 不平等 之 條約。邇來 實 四十 餘 年，為{wéi} 其 所 屈，苦 已 極 矣。然 我國 重 邦交 之 義，守 公私 交際 之 法，今 也 盡行 改訂，而 所 餘 者，唯 ^奧國 耳。",
        "2": "",
        "3": "CL",
        "collapsed": "y"
      },
      "expansion": "我國與歐美諸邦訂盟，誤作不平等之條約。邇來實四十餘年，為其所屈，苦已極矣。然我國重邦交之義，守公私交際之法，今也盡行改訂，而所餘者，唯奧國耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]我国与欧美诸邦订盟，误作不平等之条约。迩来实四十余年，为其所屈，苦已极矣。然我国重邦交之义，守公私交际之法，今也尽行改订，而所余者，唯奥国耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nWǒguó yǔ ōuměi zhū bāng dìngméng, wù zuò bùpíngděng zhī tiáoyuē. Ěrlái shí sìshí yú nián, wéi qí suǒ qū, kǔ yǐ jí yǐ. Rán wǒguó zhòng bāngjiāo zhī yì, shǒu gōngsī jiāojì zhī fǎ, jīn yě jìnxíng gǎidìng, ér suǒ yú zhě, wéi Àoguó ěr. [Pinyin]\n(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
      "name": "zh-q"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in volume 73 of 新民叢報 [1906]:\n:\n1906 February 25, 希白, “上海領事裁判及會審制度”, in 新民叢報, volume 73, page 32:\n:*\n一言蔽之，則領事裁判權者，實不平等條約之結果也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]一言蔽之，则领事裁判权者，实不平等条约之结果也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nYīyánbìzhī, zé lǐngshì cáipànquán zhě, shí bùpíngděng tiáoyuē zhī jiéguǒ yě. [Pinyin]\nIn short, the granting of extraterritorial jurisdiction to foreign consulates is, in reality, a consequence of unequal treaties.\nHowever, the concept of unequal treaty dates back earlier. An instance of referring to treaties (條約／条约) as unequal (不平等) can be found in an article translated from a Japanese newspaper article and published in 時務報 in 1897:\n:\n1897, “日本外交標準”, in 時務報, volume 20, page 28:\n:*\n我國與歐美諸邦訂盟，誤作不平等之條約。邇來實四十餘年，為其所屈，苦已極矣。然我國重邦交之義，守公私交際之法，今也盡行改訂，而所餘者，唯奧國耳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]我国与欧美诸邦订盟，误作不平等之条约。迩来实四十余年，为其所屈，苦已极矣。然我国重邦交之义，守公私交际之法，今也尽行改订，而所余者，唯奥国耳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nWǒguó yǔ ōuměi zhū bāng dìngméng, wù zuò bùpíngděng zhī tiáoyuē. Ěrlái shí sìshí yú nián, wéi qí suǒ qū, kǔ yǐ jí yǐ. Rán wǒguó zhòng bāngjiāo zhī yì, shǒu gōngsī jiāojì zhī fǎ, jīn yě jìnxíng gǎidìng, ér suǒ yú zhě, wéi Àoguó ěr. [Pinyin]\n(please add an English translation of this quotation)\nThe concept of unequal treaties gained traction towards the conclusion of World War I and was subsequently popularized by Sun Yat-sen in 1923, leading to its widespread usage.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "不平等條約",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese nouns",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien nouns",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "zh:History of Asia",
        "zh:International law"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The imperialist powers forced a series of unequal treaties upon China.",
          "ref": "帝國主義列強強加給中國一系列不平等條約。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "帝国主义列强强加给中国一系列不平等条约。 [MSC, simp.]\nDìguózhǔyì lièqiáng qiángjiā gěi Zhōngguó yī xìliè bù píngděng tiáoyuē. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Abrogate all unequal treaties!",
          "ref": "廢除一切不平等條約！ [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "废除一切不平等条约！ [MSC, simp.]\nFèichú yīqiè bù píngděng tiáoyuē! [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Unequal treaties granted extraterritoriality to the citizens of the great powers.",
          "ref": "不平等條約授予列強國民在華的治外法權。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "不平等条约授予列强国民在华的治外法权。 [MSC, simp.]\nBù píngděng tiáoyuē shòuyǔ lièqiáng guómín zài huá de zhìwàifǎquán. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unequal treaty (treaty forced upon weaker nations by imperialist power)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unequal treaty",
          "unequal treaty"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Sun Yat-sen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bùpíngděng tiáoyuē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄅㄨˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄥˇ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄩㄝ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bat¹ ping⁴ dang² tiu⁴ joek³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "put-pêng-téng tiâu-iok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bùpíngděng tiáoyuē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bùpíngděng tiáoyue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "pu⁴-pʻing²-têng³ tʻiao²-yüeh¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bù-píng-děng tyáu-ywē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bupyngdeeng tyauiue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "бупиндэн тяоюэ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bupindɛn tjaojue"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pu⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bāt pìhng dáng tìuh yeuk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bat⁷ ping⁴ dang² tiu⁴ joek⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bed¹ ping⁴ deng² tiu⁴ yêg³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɐt̚⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ tɐŋ³⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹ jœːk̚³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "put-pêng-téng tiâu-iok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "put-pîng-tíng tiâu-iok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "putpengdeang diau'iog"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiau²³⁻³³ iɔk̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔk̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pu⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɐt̚⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ tɐŋ³⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹ jœːk̚³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiau²³⁻³³ iɔk̚³²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/put̚³²⁻⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiau²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔk̚³²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "不平等條約"
}

"不平等條約" meaning in Chinese

Noun