"mzimu" meaning in Chichewa

See mzimu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /mˈzí.mu/ Forms: mzímu [canonical, class-3], mizímu [class-4, plural]
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”), from Proto-Atlantic-Congo *-dim- (“spirit”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ny|bnt-pro|*mʊ̀dímʊ̀||spirit - zone N|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”), {{inh+|ny|bnt-pro|*mʊ̀dímʊ̀||spirit - zone N}} Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”), {{inh|ny|alv-pro|*-dim-||spirit}} Proto-Atlantic-Congo *-dim- (“spirit”) Head templates: {{ny-noun|mzímu|3}} mzímu class 3 (plural mizímu class 4)
  1. spirit
    Sense id: en-mzimu-ny-noun-pomZrdMl
  2. ghost Synonyms: chiŵanda, mzukwa, chidude
    Sense id: en-mzimu-ny-noun-6tbvA9Ye
  3. soul
    Sense id: en-mzimu-ny-noun-rg-szPCj
  4. apparition Synonyms: chiŵanda, mzukwa
    Sense id: en-mzimu-ny-noun-cY4JDWX6
  5. psyche
    Sense id: en-mzimu-ny-noun-ENPf7OKl Categories (other): Chichewa entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chichewa entries with incorrect language header: 7 7 7 32 40 7
  6. demon Synonyms: chiŵanda
    Sense id: en-mzimu-ny-noun-vxQeszUG
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: Mzimu Woyera (english: Holy Spirit), mzimu wa makolo (english: ancestral spirit), mzimu wa mbwebwe (english: soothsayer), mzimuzimu (english: in the true spirit), -zimuka (english: to be spiritual)

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Holy Spirit",
      "translation": "Holy Spirit",
      "word": "Mzimu Woyera"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "ancestral spirit",
      "translation": "ancestral spirit",
      "word": "mzimu wa makolo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "soothsayer",
      "translation": "soothsayer",
      "word": "mzimu wa mbwebwe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "in the true spirit",
      "translation": "in the true spirit",
      "word": "mzimuzimu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to be spiritual",
      "translation": "to be spiritual",
      "word": "-zimuka"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ny",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*mʊ̀dímʊ̀",
        "4": "",
        "5": "spirit - zone N",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ny",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*mʊ̀dímʊ̀",
        "4": "",
        "5": "spirit - zone N"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ny",
        "2": "alv-pro",
        "3": "*-dim-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Atlantic-Congo *-dim- (“spirit”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”), from Proto-Atlantic-Congo *-dim- (“spirit”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mzímu",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "class-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mizímu",
      "tags": [
        "class-4",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mzímu",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "mzímu class 3 (plural mizímu class 4)",
      "name": "ny-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chichewa",
  "lang_code": "ny",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "spirit"
      ],
      "id": "en-mzimu-ny-noun-pomZrdMl",
      "links": [
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ghost"
      ],
      "id": "en-mzimu-ny-noun-6tbvA9Ye",
      "links": [
        [
          "ghost",
          "ghost"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "chiŵanda"
        },
        {
          "word": "mzukwa"
        },
        {
          "word": "chidude"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "soul"
      ],
      "id": "en-mzimu-ny-noun-rg-szPCj",
      "links": [
        [
          "soul",
          "soul"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "apparition"
      ],
      "id": "en-mzimu-ny-noun-cY4JDWX6",
      "links": [
        [
          "apparition",
          "apparition"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "chiŵanda"
        },
        {
          "word": "mzukwa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 32 40 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "psyche"
      ],
      "id": "en-mzimu-ny-noun-ENPf7OKl",
      "links": [
        [
          "psyche",
          "psyche"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "demon"
      ],
      "id": "en-mzimu-ny-noun-vxQeszUG",
      "links": [
        [
          "demon",
          "demon"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "chiŵanda"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/mˈzí.mu/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mzimu"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chichewa class 3 nouns",
    "Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chichewa lemmas",
    "Chichewa nouns",
    "Chichewa terms derived from Proto-Atlantic-Congo",
    "Chichewa terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Chichewa terms inherited from Proto-Atlantic-Congo",
    "Chichewa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
    "Chichewa terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ziw:Ghosts"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "Holy Spirit",
      "translation": "Holy Spirit",
      "word": "Mzimu Woyera"
    },
    {
      "english": "ancestral spirit",
      "translation": "ancestral spirit",
      "word": "mzimu wa makolo"
    },
    {
      "english": "soothsayer",
      "translation": "soothsayer",
      "word": "mzimu wa mbwebwe"
    },
    {
      "english": "in the true spirit",
      "translation": "in the true spirit",
      "word": "mzimuzimu"
    },
    {
      "english": "to be spiritual",
      "translation": "to be spiritual",
      "word": "-zimuka"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ny",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*mʊ̀dímʊ̀",
        "4": "",
        "5": "spirit - zone N",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ny",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*mʊ̀dímʊ̀",
        "4": "",
        "5": "spirit - zone N"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ny",
        "2": "alv-pro",
        "3": "*-dim-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Atlantic-Congo *-dim- (“spirit”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀dímʊ̀ (“spirit - zone N”), from Proto-Atlantic-Congo *-dim- (“spirit”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mzímu",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "class-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mizímu",
      "tags": [
        "class-4",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mzímu",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "mzímu class 3 (plural mizímu class 4)",
      "name": "ny-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chichewa",
  "lang_code": "ny",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "spirit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ghost"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ghost",
          "ghost"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "chiŵanda"
        },
        {
          "word": "mzukwa"
        },
        {
          "word": "chidude"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "soul"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soul",
          "soul"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "apparition"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "apparition",
          "apparition"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "chiŵanda"
        },
        {
          "word": "mzukwa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "psyche"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "psyche",
          "psyche"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "demon"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "demon",
          "demon"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "chiŵanda"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/mˈzí.mu/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mzimu"
}

Download raw JSONL data for mzimu meaning in Chichewa (2.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chichewa dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-21 using wiktextract (4c3c609 and 24bdde4). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.