See testigo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*tri-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tréyes"
],
[
"*steh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steh₂-"
],
[
"*tristos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/tristos"
],
[
"*terstis",
"Reconstruction:Latin/terstis"
],
[
"testis",
"testis#Latin:_witness"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁k-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁k-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*fakjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fakjō#Proto-Italic:_to_make"
],
[
"faciō",
"facio#Latin"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-ezi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ezi"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Latin"
],
[
"facere",
"facere#Latin"
],
[
"testificor",
"testificor#Latin"
],
[
"*-ḗy",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ḗy"
],
[
"*-ēi(s)",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ēi(s)"
],
[
"-ēs",
"-es#Latin:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin:_dative"
],
[
"-ārī",
"-ari#Latin:_infinitive_suffix"
],
[
"testificārī",
"testificari#Latin"
],
[
"testiguar",
"testiguar#Spanish"
],
[
"testigo",
"testigo#Spanish"
],
[
"testigo",
"testigo#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cbk",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "es:testigo",
"tree": "+"
},
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\"id\" : \"witness\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*trito-sth₂-o-s\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*tri-\", \"gloss\" : \"three\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tréyes\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to stand\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*tristos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"*terstis\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"testis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakjō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*dʰh₁kyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁k-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : 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\"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēi(s)\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ēs\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ī\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"testificārī\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"testiguar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"testigo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Chavacano\", \"term\" : \"testigo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cbk\" }\" data-lang=\"cbk\" data-title=\"testigo\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "es",
"3": "testigo",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish testigo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cbk",
"2": "es",
"3": "testigo"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Spanish testigo",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tri-\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *trito-sth₂-o-s\nProto-Italic *tristos\nLatin *terstis\nLatin testis\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *-ezi\nLatin -ere\nLatin facere\nLatin testificor\nProto-Indo-European *-ḗy\nProto-Italic *-ēi(s)\nLatin -ēs\nLatin -īder.\nLatin -ārī\nLatin testificārīder.\nVulgar Latin *testificāre\nSpanish testiguardeverb.\nSpanish testigo\nChavacano testigo\nInherited from Spanish testigo.",
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "testigo",
"name": "cbk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tes",
"ti",
"go"
]
}
],
"lang": "Chavacano",
"lang_code": "cbk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chavacano entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chavacano entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chavacano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 12 10 4 4 19 10 4 5 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 31 5 2 2 11 5 2 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 28 3 1 1 15 8 1 2 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 6 3 3 10 4 3 4 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 35 4 2 1 8 4 2 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"witness"
],
"id": "en-testigo-cbk-noun-uhxWakut",
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/testiɡo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tes.ti.ɡo]"
},
{
"ipa": "/testiɡu/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tes.ti.ɡu]"
}
],
"word": "testigo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"tl:Law"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*tri-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tréyes"
],
[
"*steh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/steh₂-"
],
[
"*tristos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/tristos"
],
[
"*terstis",
"Reconstruction:Latin/terstis"
],
[
"testis",
"testis#Latin:_witness"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁k-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁k-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*fakjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fakjō#Proto-Italic:_to_make"
],
[
"faciō",
"facio#Latin"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-ezi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ezi"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Latin"
],
[
"facere",
"facere#Latin"
],
[
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"testificor#Latin"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ḗy"
],
[
"*-ēi(s)",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ēi(s)"
],
[
"-ēs",
"-es#Latin:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ī",
"-i#Latin:_dative"
],
[
"-ārī",
"-ari#Latin:_infinitive_suffix"
],
[
"testificārī",
"testificari#Latin"
],
[
"testiguar",
"testiguar#Spanish"
],
[
"testigo",
"testigo#Spanish"
],
[
"testigo",
"testigo#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "es:testigo",
"tree": "+"
},
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\"id\" : \"witness\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*trito-sth₂-o-s\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*tri-\", \"gloss\" : \"three\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*tréyes\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to stand\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*tristos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"*terstis\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"testis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to make\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*θakjō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*dʰh₁kyéti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁k-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fakjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"faciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ezi\", \"status\" 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\"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēi(s)\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ēs\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ī\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"testificārī\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"testiguar\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"deverbal\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"testigo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Chavacano\", \"term\" : \"testigo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cbk\" }\" data-lang=\"cbk\" data-title=\"testigo\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "es",
"3": "testigo",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish testigo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cbk",
"2": "es",
"3": "testigo"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Spanish testigo",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tri-\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *trito-sth₂-o-s\nProto-Italic *tristos\nLatin *terstis\nLatin testis\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti\nProto-Italic *θakjō\nProto-Italic *fakjō\nLatin faciō\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *-ezi\nLatin -ere\nLatin facere\nLatin testificor\nProto-Indo-European *-ḗy\nProto-Italic *-ēi(s)\nLatin -ēs\nLatin -īder.\nLatin -ārī\nLatin testificārīder.\nVulgar Latin *testificāre\nSpanish testiguardeverb.\nSpanish testigo\nChavacano testigo\nInherited from Spanish testigo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "testigo",
"name": "cbk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"tes",
"ti",
"go"
]
}
],
"lang": "Chavacano",
"lang_code": "cbk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chavacano entries with etymology trees",
"Chavacano entries with etymon",
"Chavacano entries with incorrect language header",
"Chavacano lemmas",
"Chavacano nouns",
"Chavacano terms derived from Latin",
"Chavacano terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Chavacano terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Chavacano terms derived from Spanish",
"Chavacano terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Chavacano terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"Chavacano terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-",
"Chavacano terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *tréyes",
"Chavacano terms inherited from Spanish",
"Chavacano terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"witness"
],
"links": [
[
"witness",
"witness"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/testiɡo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tes.ti.ɡo]"
},
{
"ipa": "/testiɡu/"
},
{
"ipa": "[tes.ti.ɡu]"
}
],
"word": "testigo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for testigo meaning in Chavacano (10.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chavacano dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.