See llum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for llum meaning in Catalan (4.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "lum",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan lum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Catalan lum",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "lūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin lūmen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish lumbre",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*léwksmn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*lewk-",
"3": "",
"4": "bright"
},
"expansion": "*lewk- (“bright”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Occitan lum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish lumbre",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Catalan lum, from Latin lūmen (compare Spanish lumbre), from Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”). Compare Occitan lum, Spanish lumbre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "llums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "llum f (plural llums)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "ca:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "any llum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"light"
],
"id": "en-llum-ca-noun-macCYXLU",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈʎum]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "llum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "lum",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan lum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Catalan lum",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "lūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin lūmen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish lumbre",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*léwksmn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*lewk-",
"3": "",
"4": "bright"
},
"expansion": "*lewk- (“bright”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Occitan lum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish lumbre",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Catalan lum, from Latin lūmen (compare Spanish lumbre), from Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”). Compare Occitan lum, Spanish lumbre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "llums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "llum m (plural llums)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "enllumenar"
},
{
"word": "llum posterior"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lamp"
],
"id": "en-llum-ca-noun-yY6F8kkA",
"links": [
[
"lamp",
"lamp"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "lluir"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈʎum]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "llum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan feminine nouns",
"Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Old Catalan",
"Catalan terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
"Catalan terms inherited from Old Catalan",
"Catalan terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Catalan/um",
"Rhymes:Catalan/um/1 syllable",
"ca:Light"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "any llum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "lum",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan lum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Catalan lum",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "lūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin lūmen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish lumbre",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*léwksmn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*lewk-",
"3": "",
"4": "bright"
},
"expansion": "*lewk- (“bright”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Occitan lum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish lumbre",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Catalan lum, from Latin lūmen (compare Spanish lumbre), from Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”). Compare Occitan lum, Spanish lumbre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "llums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "llum f (plural llums)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"light"
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈʎum]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "llum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan feminine nouns",
"Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Old Catalan",
"Catalan terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
"Catalan terms inherited from Old Catalan",
"Catalan terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Catalan/um",
"Rhymes:Catalan/um/1 syllable",
"ca:Light"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "enllumenar"
},
{
"word": "llum posterior"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "lum",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan lum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "roa-oca",
"3": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Catalan lum",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "lūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin lūmen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish lumbre",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*léwksmn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*lewk-",
"3": "",
"4": "bright"
},
"expansion": "*lewk- (“bright”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lum"
},
"expansion": "Occitan lum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish lumbre",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Catalan lum, from Latin lūmen (compare Spanish lumbre), from Proto-Indo-European *léwksmn̥, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”). Compare Occitan lum, Spanish lumbre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "llums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "llum m (plural llums)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lluir"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lamp"
],
"links": [
[
"lamp",
"lamp"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈʎum]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-llum.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "llum"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Catalan dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.