See топам in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tópvam",
"tags": [
"semelfactive"
],
"word": "то́пвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zatópam",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зато́пам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zatópvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зато́пвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "iztópam",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изто́пам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "iztópvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "изто́пвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "natópam",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "нато́пам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "natópvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "нато́пвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "potópam",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пото́пам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "potópvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пото́пвам"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*topati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *topati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*topati",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Proto-Slavic *topati",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tāpati",
"3": "",
"4": "to step, to tread quietly"
},
"expansion": "Slovene tāpati (“to step, to tread quietly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "то́пать",
"3": "",
"4": "to stomp"
},
"expansion": "Russian то́пать (tópatʹ, “to stomp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "топ",
"3": "-ам",
"t1": "cannonball"
},
"expansion": "топ (top, “cannonball”) + -ам (-am)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Partially onomatopoeic, possibly inherited from Proto-Slavic *topati (cf. Slovene tāpati (“to step, to tread quietly”), Russian то́пать (tópatʹ, “to stomp”));\n* Partially denominal factitive from топ (top, “cannonball”) + -ам (-am) (of Turkish origin).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "то́пам",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tópam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пна",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective intransitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащ",
"roman": "tópašt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пал",
"roman": "tópal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́л",
"roman": "topál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пал",
"roman": "tópal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащият",
"roman": "tópaštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палият",
"roman": "tópalijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лият",
"roman": "topálijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащия",
"roman": "tópaštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палия",
"roman": "tópalija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лия",
"roman": "topálija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паща",
"roman": "tópašta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пала",
"roman": "tópala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ла",
"roman": "topála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пала",
"roman": "tópala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащата",
"roman": "tópaštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палата",
"roman": "tópalata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лата",
"roman": "topálata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащо",
"roman": "tópašto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пало",
"roman": "tópalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ло",
"roman": "topálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пало",
"roman": "tópalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пане",
"roman": "tópane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащото",
"roman": "tópaštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палото",
"roman": "tópaloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лото",
"roman": "topáloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пането",
"roman": "tópaneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащи",
"roman": "tópašti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пали",
"roman": "tópali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ли",
"roman": "topáli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пали",
"roman": "tópali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пания",
"roman": "tópanija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панета",
"roman": "tópaneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащите",
"roman": "tópaštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палите",
"roman": "tópalite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лите",
"roman": "topálite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панията",
"roman": "tópanijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панетата",
"roman": "tópanetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective intransitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пам",
"roman": "tópam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паш",
"roman": "tópaš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паме",
"roman": "tópame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пате",
"roman": "tópate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пат",
"roman": "tópat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пах",
"roman": "tópah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паше",
"roman": "tópaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паше",
"roman": "tópaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахме",
"roman": "tópahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахте",
"roman": "tópahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паха",
"roman": "tópaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пах",
"roman": "tópah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́х",
"roman": "topáh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́",
"roman": "topá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́",
"roman": "topá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахме",
"roman": "tópahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́хме",
"roman": "topáhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахте",
"roman": "tópahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́хте",
"roman": "topáhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паха",
"roman": "tópaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ха",
"roman": "topáha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пай",
"roman": "tópaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайте",
"roman": "tópajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащ",
"roman": "tópašt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пал",
"roman": "tópal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́л",
"roman": "topál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пал",
"roman": "tópal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пан",
"roman": "tópan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащият",
"roman": "tópaštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палият",
"roman": "tópalijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лият",
"roman": "topálijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паният",
"roman": "tópanijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащия",
"roman": "tópaštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палия",
"roman": "tópalija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лия",
"roman": "topálija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пания",
"roman": "tópanija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паща",
"roman": "tópašta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пала",
"roman": "tópala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ла",
"roman": "topála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пала",
"roman": "tópala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пана",
"roman": "tópana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащата",
"roman": "tópaštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палата",
"roman": "tópalata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лата",
"roman": "topálata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паната",
"roman": "tópanata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащо",
"roman": "tópašto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пало",
"roman": "tópalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ло",
"roman": "topálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пало",
"roman": "tópalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пано",
"roman": "tópano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пане",
"roman": "tópane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащото",
"roman": "tópaštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палото",
"roman": "tópaloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лото",
"roman": "topáloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паното",
"roman": "tópanoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пането",
"roman": "tópaneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащи",
"roman": "tópašti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пали",
"roman": "tópali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ли",
"roman": "topáli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пали",
"roman": "tópali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пани",
"roman": "tópani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пания",
"roman": "tópanija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панета",
"roman": "tópaneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащите",
"roman": "tópaštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палите",
"roman": "tópalite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лите",
"roman": "topálite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паните",
"roman": "tópanite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панията",
"roman": "tópanijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панетата",
"roman": "tópanetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пам",
"roman": "tópam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паш",
"roman": "tópaš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паме",
"roman": "tópame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пате",
"roman": "tópate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пат",
"roman": "tópat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пах",
"roman": "tópah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паше",
"roman": "tópaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паше",
"roman": "tópaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахме",
"roman": "tópahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахте",
"roman": "tópahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паха",
"roman": "tópaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пах",
"roman": "tópah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́х",
"roman": "topáh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́",
"roman": "topá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́",
"roman": "topá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахме",
"roman": "tópahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́хме",
"roman": "topáhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахте",
"roman": "tópahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́хте",
"roman": "topáhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паха",
"roman": "tópaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ха",
"roman": "topáha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пай",
"roman": "tópaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайте",
"roman": "tópajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "то́пам",
"2": "impf",
"pf": "то́пна"
},
"expansion": "то́пам • (tópam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective то́пна)",
"name": "bg-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "colloquial"
},
"expansion": "(colloquial)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "то́пам<impf.intr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "то́пам<impf.tr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to strike",
"roman": "tépam",
"word": "те́пам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to submerge, to dip",
"roman": "topjá",
"word": "топя́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to thwack",
"roman": "túpam",
"word": "ту́пам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to stuff, to trample",
"roman": "tǎ́pča",
"word": "тъ́пча"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to stomp with [one's] foot",
"roman": "tópam s krak",
"text": "то́пам с крак",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, to tramp, to pound"
],
"id": "en-топам-bg-verb-C2bUeISZ",
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"tramp",
"tramp"
],
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) to beat, to tramp, to pound"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to dribble a ball",
"roman": "tópam tópka",
"text": "то́пам то́пка",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bounce, to jolt"
],
"id": "en-топам-bg-verb-EEabEf1F",
"links": [
[
"bounce",
"bounce"
],
[
"jolt",
"jolt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to bounce, to jolt"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "топам"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian colloquialisms",
"Bulgarian conjugation 3 verbs",
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian imperfective verbs",
"Bulgarian intransitive verbs",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs",
"Bulgarian verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tópvam",
"tags": [
"semelfactive"
],
"word": "то́пвам"
},
{
"roman": "zatópam",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зато́пам"
},
{
"roman": "zatópvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зато́пвам"
},
{
"roman": "iztópam",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изто́пам"
},
{
"roman": "iztópvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "изто́пвам"
},
{
"roman": "natópam",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "нато́пам"
},
{
"roman": "natópvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "нато́пвам"
},
{
"roman": "potópam",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пото́пам"
},
{
"roman": "potópvam",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пото́пвам"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*topati",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *topati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*topati",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Proto-Slavic *topati",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tāpati",
"3": "",
"4": "to step, to tread quietly"
},
"expansion": "Slovene tāpati (“to step, to tread quietly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "то́пать",
"3": "",
"4": "to stomp"
},
"expansion": "Russian то́пать (tópatʹ, “to stomp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "топ",
"3": "-ам",
"t1": "cannonball"
},
"expansion": "топ (top, “cannonball”) + -ам (-am)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Partially onomatopoeic, possibly inherited from Proto-Slavic *topati (cf. Slovene tāpati (“to step, to tread quietly”), Russian то́пать (tópatʹ, “to stomp”));\n* Partially denominal factitive from топ (top, “cannonball”) + -ам (-am) (of Turkish origin).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "то́пам",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tópam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пна",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective intransitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащ",
"roman": "tópašt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пал",
"roman": "tópal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́л",
"roman": "topál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пал",
"roman": "tópal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащият",
"roman": "tópaštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палият",
"roman": "tópalijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лият",
"roman": "topálijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащия",
"roman": "tópaštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палия",
"roman": "tópalija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лия",
"roman": "topálija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паща",
"roman": "tópašta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пала",
"roman": "tópala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ла",
"roman": "topála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пала",
"roman": "tópala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащата",
"roman": "tópaštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палата",
"roman": "tópalata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лата",
"roman": "topálata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащо",
"roman": "tópašto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пало",
"roman": "tópalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ло",
"roman": "topálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пало",
"roman": "tópalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пане",
"roman": "tópane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащото",
"roman": "tópaštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палото",
"roman": "tópaloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лото",
"roman": "topáloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пането",
"roman": "tópaneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащи",
"roman": "tópašti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пали",
"roman": "tópali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ли",
"roman": "topáli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пали",
"roman": "tópali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пания",
"roman": "tópanija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панета",
"roman": "tópaneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащите",
"roman": "tópaštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палите",
"roman": "tópalite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лите",
"roman": "topálite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панията",
"roman": "tópanijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панетата",
"roman": "tópanetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective intransitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пам",
"roman": "tópam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паш",
"roman": "tópaš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паме",
"roman": "tópame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пате",
"roman": "tópate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пат",
"roman": "tópat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пах",
"roman": "tópah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паше",
"roman": "tópaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паше",
"roman": "tópaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахме",
"roman": "tópahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахте",
"roman": "tópahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паха",
"roman": "tópaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пах",
"roman": "tópah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́х",
"roman": "topáh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́",
"roman": "topá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́",
"roman": "topá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахме",
"roman": "tópahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́хме",
"roman": "topáhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахте",
"roman": "tópahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́хте",
"roman": "topáhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паха",
"roman": "tópaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ха",
"roman": "topáha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пай",
"roman": "tópaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайте",
"roman": "tópajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащ",
"roman": "tópašt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пал",
"roman": "tópal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́л",
"roman": "topál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пал",
"roman": "tópal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пан",
"roman": "tópan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащият",
"roman": "tópaštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палият",
"roman": "tópalijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лият",
"roman": "topálijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паният",
"roman": "tópanijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащия",
"roman": "tópaštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палия",
"roman": "tópalija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лия",
"roman": "topálija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пания",
"roman": "tópanija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паща",
"roman": "tópašta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пала",
"roman": "tópala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ла",
"roman": "topála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пала",
"roman": "tópala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пана",
"roman": "tópana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащата",
"roman": "tópaštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палата",
"roman": "tópalata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лата",
"roman": "topálata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паната",
"roman": "tópanata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащо",
"roman": "tópašto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пало",
"roman": "tópalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ло",
"roman": "topálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пало",
"roman": "tópalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пано",
"roman": "tópano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пане",
"roman": "tópane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащото",
"roman": "tópaštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палото",
"roman": "tópaloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лото",
"roman": "topáloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паното",
"roman": "tópanoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пането",
"roman": "tópaneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащи",
"roman": "tópašti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пали",
"roman": "tópali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ли",
"roman": "topáli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пали",
"roman": "tópali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пани",
"roman": "tópani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пания",
"roman": "tópanija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панета",
"roman": "tópaneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пащите",
"roman": "tópaštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́палите",
"roman": "tópalite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́лите",
"roman": "topálite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паните",
"roman": "tópanite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панията",
"roman": "tópanijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́панетата",
"roman": "tópanetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайки",
"roman": "tópajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пам",
"roman": "tópam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паш",
"roman": "tópaš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паме",
"roman": "tópame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пате",
"roman": "tópate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пат",
"roman": "tópat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пах",
"roman": "tópah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паше",
"roman": "tópaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паше",
"roman": "tópaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахме",
"roman": "tópahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахте",
"roman": "tópahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паха",
"roman": "tópaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пах",
"roman": "tópah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́х",
"roman": "topáh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́",
"roman": "topá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́па",
"roman": "tópa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́",
"roman": "topá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахме",
"roman": "tópahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́хме",
"roman": "topáhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пахте",
"roman": "tópahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́хте",
"roman": "topáhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "то́паха",
"roman": "tópaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "топа́ха",
"roman": "topáha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пай",
"roman": "tópaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "то́пайте",
"roman": "tópajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "то́пам",
"2": "impf",
"pf": "то́пна"
},
"expansion": "то́пам • (tópam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective то́пна)",
"name": "bg-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "colloquial"
},
"expansion": "(colloquial)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "то́пам<impf.intr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "то́пам<impf.tr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "to strike",
"roman": "tépam",
"word": "те́пам"
},
{
"english": "to submerge, to dip",
"roman": "topjá",
"word": "топя́"
},
{
"english": "to thwack",
"roman": "túpam",
"word": "ту́пам"
},
{
"english": "to stuff, to trample",
"roman": "tǎ́pča",
"word": "тъ́пча"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian intransitive verbs",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to stomp with [one's] foot",
"roman": "tópam s krak",
"text": "то́пам с крак",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, to tramp, to pound"
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"tramp",
"tramp"
],
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) to beat, to tramp, to pound"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to dribble a ball",
"roman": "tópam tópka",
"text": "то́пам то́пка",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bounce, to jolt"
],
"links": [
[
"bounce",
"bounce"
],
[
"jolt",
"jolt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to bounce, to jolt"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "топам"
}
Download raw JSONL data for топам meaning in Bulgarian (28.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: топам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'c', 'm', 'first-person', 'singular', 'f', 'r', 'conditional', 'v', 't', 'imperative', 'a', 's', 'i', 'p', 'n', 'e'}",
"path": [
"топам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "топам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: топам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'c', 'third-person', 'm', 'singular', 'f', 'r', 'conditional', 'v', 't', 'imperative', 'a', 's', 'i', 'p', 'n', 'e'}",
"path": [
"топам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "топам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: топам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'c', 'm', 'first-person', 'plural', 'f', 'r', 'conditional', 'v', 't', 'imperative', 'a', 's', 'i', 'p', 'n', 'e'}",
"path": [
"топам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "топам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: топам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'c', 'third-person', 'm', 'plural', 'f', 'r', 'conditional', 'v', 't', 'imperative', 'a', 's', 'i', 'p', 'n', 'e'}",
"path": [
"топам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "топам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: топам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'c', 'm', 'first-person', 'singular', 'f', 'r', 'conditional', 'v', 't', 'imperative', 'a', 's', 'i', 'p', 'n', 'e'}",
"path": [
"топам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "топам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: топам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'c', 'third-person', 'm', 'singular', 'f', 'r', 'conditional', 'v', 't', 'imperative', 'a', 's', 'i', 'p', 'n', 'e'}",
"path": [
"топам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "топам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: топам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'c', 'm', 'first-person', 'plural', 'f', 'r', 'conditional', 'v', 't', 'imperative', 'a', 's', 'i', 'p', 'n', 'e'}",
"path": [
"топам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "топам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: топам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'c', 'third-person', 'm', 'plural', 'f', 'r', 'conditional', 'v', 't', 'imperative', 'a', 's', 'i', 'p', 'n', 'e'}",
"path": [
"топам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "топам",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Bulgarian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.