"zigortu" meaning in Basque

See zigortu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /s̻iɡortu/, [s̻i.ɣ̞or.t̪u], /s̻iɡortu/ [dialectal], [s̻i.ɣ̞or.t̪u] [dialectal], /s̺iɡortu/ [Biscayan], [s̺i.ɣ̞or.t̪u] [Biscayan] Forms: zigortu du [canonical], zigortzen [imperfect, participle], zigortuko [future, participle], zigor [short-form], zigortu [short-form], zigortze [noun-from-verb]
Rhymes: -ortu, -u Etymology: Etymology tree Basque zigor Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Italic *-tos Latin -tumbor. Basque -tu Basque zigortu From zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu. Etymology templates: {{ety|eu|:af|zigor<t:whip, punishment>|-tu|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Basque zigor Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Italic *-tos Latin -tumbor. Basque -tu Basque zigortu [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "-tum", "id" : "past participle", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-tós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-tos", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-tus", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Basque", "term" : "-tu", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "eu" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Basque", "term" : "zigortu", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "eu" }" data-lang="eu" data-title="zigortu"> From zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu., {{ety|eu|:af|zigor<t:whip, punishment>|-tu|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Basque zigor Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Italic *-tos Latin -tumbor. Basque -tu Basque zigortu From zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu. Head templates: {{eu-verb|du}} zigortu du (imperfect participle zigortzen, future participle zigortuko, short form zigor or zigortu, verbal noun zigortze)
  1. to whip
    Sense id: en-zigortu-eu-verb-XsBSZIvJ Categories (other): Basque entries with etymology texts, Basque entries with etymology trees, Basque terms suffixed with -tu, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Basque entries with etymology texts: 45 55 Disambiguation of Basque entries with etymology trees: 45 55 Disambiguation of Basque terms suffixed with -tu: 45 55 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 45 55 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 45 55 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 51 49 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 52 48 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 52 48
  2. to punish, to sanction
    Sense id: en-zigortu-eu-verb-7aELffJ0 Categories (other): Basque entries referencing missing etymons, Basque entries with etymology texts, Basque entries with etymology trees, Basque entries with etymon, Basque entries with incorrect language header, Basque terms suffixed with -tu, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Basque entries referencing missing etymons: 43 57 Disambiguation of Basque entries with etymology texts: 45 55 Disambiguation of Basque entries with etymology trees: 45 55 Disambiguation of Basque entries with etymon: 0 100 Disambiguation of Basque entries with incorrect language header: 40 60 Disambiguation of Basque terms suffixed with -tu: 45 55 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 45 55 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 45 55 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 51 49 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 52 48 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 52 48
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: zigortzaile (english: punisher) 
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "punisher",
      "translation": "punisher",
      "word": "zigortzaile"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "zigor",
      "zigor#Basque"
    ],
    [
      "*-tós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
    ],
    [
      "*-tos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
    ],
    [
      "-tum",
      "-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
    ],
    [
      "-tu",
      "-tu#Basque"
    ],
    [
      "zigor",
      "zigor#Basque"
    ],
    [
      "-tu",
      "-tu#Basque"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "zigor<t:whip, punishment>",
        "4": "-tu",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nBasque zigor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque zigortu\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-tum\", \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Basque\", \"term\" : \"-tu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eu\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Basque\", \"term\" : \"zigortu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eu\" }\" data-lang=\"eu\" data-title=\"zigortu\">\nFrom zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu.",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "zigor<t:whip, punishment>",
        "4": "-tu",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nBasque zigor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque zigortu\nFrom zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nBasque zigor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque zigortu\nFrom zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zigortu du",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigortzen",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigortuko",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigor",
      "tags": [
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigortu",
      "tags": [
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigortze",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "du"
      },
      "expansion": "zigortu du (imperfect participle zigortzen, future participle zigortuko, short form zigor or zigortu, verbal noun zigortze)",
      "name": "eu-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zi‧gor‧tu"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "zi‧gor‧tu"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Basque",
  "lang_code": "eu",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque terms suffixed with -tu",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to whip"
      ],
      "id": "en-zigortu-eu-verb-XsBSZIvJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "whip",
          "whip"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque terms suffixed with -tu",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to punish, to sanction"
      ],
      "id": "en-zigortu-eu-verb-7aELffJ0",
      "links": [
        [
          "punish",
          "punish"
        ],
        [
          "sanction",
          "sanction"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/s̻iɡortu/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[s̻i.ɣ̞or.t̪u]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̻iɡortu/",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[s̻i.ɣ̞or.t̪u]",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̺iɡortu/",
      "tags": [
        "Biscayan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[s̺i.ɣ̞or.t̪u]",
      "tags": [
        "Biscayan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ortu"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-u"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zigortu"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Basque 3-syllable words",
    "Basque du verbs",
    "Basque entries referencing missing etymons",
    "Basque entries with etymology texts",
    "Basque entries with etymology trees",
    "Basque entries with etymon",
    "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
    "Basque lemmas",
    "Basque terms suffixed with -tu",
    "Basque terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Basque terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Basque verbs",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Rhymes:Basque/ortu",
    "Rhymes:Basque/ortu/3 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Basque/u",
    "Rhymes:Basque/u/3 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "punisher",
      "translation": "punisher",
      "word": "zigortzaile"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "zigor",
      "zigor#Basque"
    ],
    [
      "*-tós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
    ],
    [
      "*-tos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
    ],
    [
      "-tum",
      "-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
    ],
    [
      "-tu",
      "-tu#Basque"
    ],
    [
      "zigor",
      "zigor#Basque"
    ],
    [
      "-tu",
      "-tu#Basque"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "zigor<t:whip, punishment>",
        "4": "-tu",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nBasque zigor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque zigortu\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-tum\", \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Basque\", \"term\" : \"-tu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eu\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Basque\", \"term\" : \"zigortu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eu\" }\" data-lang=\"eu\" data-title=\"zigortu\">\nFrom zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu.",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "zigor<t:whip, punishment>",
        "4": "-tu",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nBasque zigor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque zigortu\nFrom zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nBasque zigor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque zigortu\nFrom zigor (“whip, punishment”) + -tu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zigortu du",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigortzen",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigortuko",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigor",
      "tags": [
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigortu",
      "tags": [
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zigortze",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "du"
      },
      "expansion": "zigortu du (imperfect participle zigortzen, future participle zigortuko, short form zigor or zigortu, verbal noun zigortze)",
      "name": "eu-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zi‧gor‧tu"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "zi‧gor‧tu"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Basque",
  "lang_code": "eu",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to whip"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "whip",
          "whip"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to punish, to sanction"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "punish",
          "punish"
        ],
        [
          "sanction",
          "sanction"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/s̻iɡortu/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[s̻i.ɣ̞or.t̪u]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̻iɡortu/",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[s̻i.ɣ̞or.t̪u]",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s̺iɡortu/",
      "tags": [
        "Biscayan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[s̺i.ɣ̞or.t̪u]",
      "tags": [
        "Biscayan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ortu"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-u"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zigortu"
}

Download raw JSONL data for zigortu meaning in Basque (4.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Basque: 'zigortu du', originally 'zigortu du'",
  "path": [
    "zigortu"
  ],
  "section": "Basque",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "zigortu",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Basque: 'zigortu du', originally 'zigortu du'",
  "path": [
    "zigortu"
  ],
  "section": "Basque",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "zigortu",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Basque dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (f9fe161 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.