See gogortu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"gogor",
"gogor#Basque"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tum",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"-tu",
"-tu#Basque"
],
[
"gogor",
"gogor#Basque"
],
[
"-tu",
"-tu#Basque"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": ":af",
"3": "gogor<t:hard, stiff>",
"4": "-tu",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nBasque gogor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque gogortu\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-tum\", \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Basque\", \"term\" : \"-tu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eu\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Basque\", \"term\" : \"gogortu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eu\" }\" data-lang=\"eu\" data-title=\"gogortu\">\nFrom gogor (“hard, stiff”) + -tu.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": ":af",
"3": "gogor<t:hard, stiff>",
"4": "-tu",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nBasque gogor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque gogortu\nFrom gogor (“hard, stiff”) + -tu.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nBasque gogor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque gogortu\nFrom gogor (“hard, stiff”) + -tu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gogortu da or du",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zaio",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gogortzen",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "gogortuko",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "gogor",
"tags": [
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gogortu",
"tags": [
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gogortze",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da,du,zaio"
},
"expansion": "gogortu da, du, zaio (imperfect participle gogortzen, future participle gogortuko, short form gogor or gogortu, verbal noun gogortze)",
"name": "eu-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧gor‧tu"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"go‧gor‧tu"
]
}
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 23 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "28 23 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 26 0 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 19 15 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 24 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque terms suffixed with -tu",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 22 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 22 27 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 23 25 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to harden, stiffen"
],
"id": "en-gogortu-eu-verb-qemVVBOr",
"links": [
[
"harden",
"harden"
],
[
"stiffen",
"stiffen"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 23 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 26 0 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 24 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque terms suffixed with -tu",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 22 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 22 27 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 23 25 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to desensitize, become numb, become insensitive"
],
"id": "en-gogortu-eu-verb-Y8bZ45JD",
"links": [
[
"desensitize",
"desensitize"
],
[
"numb",
"numb"
],
[
"insensitive",
"insensitive"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 23 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 24 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque terms suffixed with -tu",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 22 24 26",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "27 22 27 24",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "27 23 25 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fortify, reaffirm"
],
"id": "en-gogortu-eu-verb-7yNxdJLx",
"links": [
[
"fortify",
"fortify"
],
[
"reaffirm",
"reaffirm"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 24 21 27",
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"name": "Basque terms suffixed with -tu",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
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{
"_dis": "27 23 25 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to resist, harden against"
],
"id": "en-gogortu-eu-verb-LeR0GiR8",
"links": [
[
"resist",
"resist"
],
[
"harden",
"harden"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡoɡortu/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡo.ɣ̞or.t̪u]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ortu"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "gogortu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Basque 3-syllable words",
"Basque da verbs",
"Basque du verbs",
"Basque entries referencing missing etymons",
"Basque entries with etymology texts",
"Basque entries with etymology trees",
"Basque entries with etymon",
"Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"Basque lemmas",
"Basque terms suffixed with -tu",
"Basque terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Basque verbs",
"Basque zaio verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Basque/ortu",
"Rhymes:Basque/ortu/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:Basque/u",
"Rhymes:Basque/u/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"gogor",
"gogor#Basque"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tos#Proto-Italic:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"-tum",
"-tus#Latin:_past_participle"
],
[
"-tu",
"-tu#Basque"
],
[
"gogor",
"gogor#Basque"
],
[
"-tu",
"-tu#Basque"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": ":af",
"3": "gogor<t:hard, stiff>",
"4": "-tu",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nBasque gogor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque gogortu\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-tum\", \"id\" : \"past participle\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Basque\", \"term\" : \"-tu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eu\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Basque\", \"term\" : \"gogortu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"eu\" }\" data-lang=\"eu\" data-title=\"gogortu\">\nFrom gogor (“hard, stiff”) + -tu.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": ":af",
"3": "gogor<t:hard, stiff>",
"4": "-tu",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nBasque gogor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque gogortu\nFrom gogor (“hard, stiff”) + -tu.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nBasque gogor\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Italic *-tos\nLatin -tumbor.\nBasque -tu\nBasque gogortu\nFrom gogor (“hard, stiff”) + -tu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gogortu da or du",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zaio",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gogortzen",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "gogortuko",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "gogor",
"tags": [
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gogortu",
"tags": [
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gogortze",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da,du,zaio"
},
"expansion": "gogortu da, du, zaio (imperfect participle gogortzen, future participle gogortuko, short form gogor or gogortu, verbal noun gogortze)",
"name": "eu-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"go‧gor‧tu"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"go‧gor‧tu"
]
}
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to harden, stiffen"
],
"links": [
[
"harden",
"harden"
],
[
"stiffen",
"stiffen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to desensitize, become numb, become insensitive"
],
"links": [
[
"desensitize",
"desensitize"
],
[
"numb",
"numb"
],
[
"insensitive",
"insensitive"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to fortify, reaffirm"
],
"links": [
[
"fortify",
"fortify"
],
[
"reaffirm",
"reaffirm"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to resist, harden against"
],
"links": [
[
"resist",
"resist"
],
[
"harden",
"harden"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡoɡortu/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡo.ɣ̞or.t̪u]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ortu"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "gogortu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gogortu meaning in Basque (4.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Basque: 'gogortu da or du', originally 'gogortu da or du'",
"path": [
"gogortu"
],
"section": "Basque",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gogortu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Basque: 'gogortu da or du', originally 'gogortu da or du'",
"path": [
"gogortu"
],
"section": "Basque",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gogortu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'gogortu da or du' in 'gogortu da, du, zaio (imperfect participle gogortzen, future participle gogortuko, short form gogor or gogortu, verbal noun gogortze)'",
"path": [
"gogortu"
],
"section": "Basque",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "gogortu",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Basque dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (f9fe161 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.