"ܗܠ" meaning in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

See ܗܠ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Preposition

IPA: [hal.] [Standard], [ħal.] (note: Nineveh Plains), [hal.] (note: Nineveh Plains), [hɪl.] (note: Nineveh Plains), [wɪl.] (note: Nineveh Plains), [hal.] (note: Urmia) Forms: ܗܲܠ [canonical], hal [romanization]
Etymology: Disputed: * Related to Classical Syriac ܠܗܲܠ (l-hal, “afar, beyond”). * Also proposed is a Univerbation of ܗܵܐ (hā) + ܠ- (l-). * Also proposed to be derived from ܗܵܠܵܐ (hālā, “still”), ultimately Arabic. Etymology templates: {{cog|syc|ܠܗܲܠ|t=afar, beyond|tr=l-hal}} Classical Syriac ܠܗܲܠ (l-hal, “afar, beyond”), {{univerbation|aii|ܗܵܐ|ܠ-}} Univerbation of ܗܵܐ (hā) + ܠ- (l-) Head templates: {{aii-prep|ܗܲܠ}} ܗܲܠ • (hal)
  1. until, till, up until
    Sense id: en-ܗܠ-aii-prep-abP3tfCk Categories (other): Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header: 95 1 4 Disambiguation of Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions: 86 6 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 97 1 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 97 1 2
  2. by (a time): before or on.
    Sense id: en-ܗܠ-aii-prep-jwaJZ2zT
  3. to used in expressing a range.
    Sense id: en-ܗܠ-aii-prep-~7SOWAaF
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: ܥܲܕ (ˁad)
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܠܗܲܠ",
        "t": "afar, beyond",
        "tr": "l-hal"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܠܗܲܠ (l-hal, “afar, beyond”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "ܗܵܐ",
        "3": "ܠ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Univerbation of ܗܵܐ (hā) + ܠ- (l-)",
      "name": "univerbation"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Disputed:\n* Related to Classical Syriac ܠܗܲܠ (l-hal, “afar, beyond”).\n* Also proposed is a Univerbation of ܗܵܐ (hā) + ܠ- (l-).\n* Also proposed to be derived from ܗܵܠܵܐ (hālā, “still”), ultimately Arabic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ܗܲܠ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hal",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܗܲܠ"
      },
      "expansion": "ܗܲܠ • (hal)",
      "name": "aii-prep"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
  "lang_code": "aii",
  "pos": "prep",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "ˁad",
      "word": "ܥܲܕ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "95 1 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 6 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "97 1 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "97 1 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              30
            ]
          ],
          "english": "When is the voucher valid till?",
          "roman": "hal īman piṯqā ìlēh qayyāmā?",
          "text": "ܗܲܠ ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܦܸܬ݂ܩܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܩܲܝܵܡܵܐ؟",
          "translation": "When is the voucher valid till?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "until, till, up until"
      ],
      "id": "en-ܗܠ-aii-prep-abP3tfCk",
      "links": [
        [
          "until",
          "until"
        ],
        [
          "till",
          "till"
        ],
        [
          "up until",
          "up until"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              28,
              30
            ]
          ],
          "english": "When do I have to submit it by?",
          "roman": "hal īman wālē d-maqriḇ lāh?",
          "text": "ܗܲܠ ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܡܲܩܪܸܒ݂ ܠܵܗ̇؟",
          "translation": "When do I have to submit it by?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "by (a time): before or on."
      ],
      "id": "en-ܗܠ-aii-prep-jwaJZ2zT",
      "links": [
        [
          "by",
          "by"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ],
        [
          "on",
          "on"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Count from one to ten.",
          "roman": "mnī min ḥa hal ˁisrā.",
          "text": "ܡܢܝܼ ܡܸܢ ܚܲܕ݇ ܗܲܠ ܥܸܣܪܵܐ.",
          "translation": "Count from one to ten.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              36,
              39
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              46,
              49
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              49,
              51
            ]
          ],
          "english": "There are books all over the room from the floor to the roof.",
          "roman": "īṯ kṯāḇē bēpalgā d-tawwānā min arˁā hal gārē.",
          "text": "ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܒܹܝܦܲܠܓܵܐ ܕܬܲܘܵܢܵܐ ܡܸܢ ܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܗܲܠ ܐ݇ܓܵܪܹܐ.",
          "translation": "There are books all over the room from the floor to the roof.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to used in expressing a range."
      ],
      "id": "en-ܗܠ-aii-prep-~7SOWAaF",
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hal.]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ħal.]",
      "note": "Nineveh Plains"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hal.]",
      "note": "Nineveh Plains"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hɪl.]",
      "note": "Nineveh Plains"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[wɪl.]",
      "note": "Nineveh Plains"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hal.]",
      "note": "Urmia"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ܗܠ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܠܗܲܠ",
        "t": "afar, beyond",
        "tr": "l-hal"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܠܗܲܠ (l-hal, “afar, beyond”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "ܗܵܐ",
        "3": "ܠ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Univerbation of ܗܵܐ (hā) + ܠ- (l-)",
      "name": "univerbation"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Disputed:\n* Related to Classical Syriac ܠܗܲܠ (l-hal, “afar, beyond”).\n* Also proposed is a Univerbation of ܗܵܐ (hā) + ܠ- (l-).\n* Also proposed to be derived from ܗܵܠܵܐ (hālā, “still”), ultimately Arabic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ܗܲܠ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hal",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܗܲܠ"
      },
      "expansion": "ܗܲܠ • (hal)",
      "name": "aii-prep"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
  "lang_code": "aii",
  "pos": "prep",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "ˁad",
      "word": "ܥܲܕ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              30
            ]
          ],
          "english": "When is the voucher valid till?",
          "roman": "hal īman piṯqā ìlēh qayyāmā?",
          "text": "ܗܲܠ ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܦܸܬ݂ܩܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܩܲܝܵܡܵܐ؟",
          "translation": "When is the voucher valid till?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "until, till, up until"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "until",
          "until"
        ],
        [
          "till",
          "till"
        ],
        [
          "up until",
          "up until"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              28,
              30
            ]
          ],
          "english": "When do I have to submit it by?",
          "roman": "hal īman wālē d-maqriḇ lāh?",
          "text": "ܗܲܠ ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܡܲܩܪܸܒ݂ ܠܵܗ̇؟",
          "translation": "When do I have to submit it by?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "by (a time): before or on."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "by",
          "by"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ],
        [
          "on",
          "on"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Count from one to ten.",
          "roman": "mnī min ḥa hal ˁisrā.",
          "text": "ܡܢܝܼ ܡܸܢ ܚܲܕ݇ ܗܲܠ ܥܸܣܪܵܐ.",
          "translation": "Count from one to ten.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              36,
              39
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              46,
              49
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              49,
              51
            ]
          ],
          "english": "There are books all over the room from the floor to the roof.",
          "roman": "īṯ kṯāḇē bēpalgā d-tawwānā min arˁā hal gārē.",
          "text": "ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܒܹܝܦܲܠܓܵܐ ܕܬܲܘܵܢܵܐ ܡܸܢ ܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܗܲܠ ܐ݇ܓܵܪܹܐ.",
          "translation": "There are books all over the room from the floor to the roof.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to used in expressing a range."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[hal.]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ħal.]",
      "note": "Nineveh Plains"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hal.]",
      "note": "Nineveh Plains"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hɪl.]",
      "note": "Nineveh Plains"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[wɪl.]",
      "note": "Nineveh Plains"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[hal.]",
      "note": "Urmia"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ܗܠ"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Assyrian Neo-Aramaic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.