"يثرب" meaning in Arabic

See يثرب in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /jaθ.rib/
Etymology: Uncertain, most likely of Ancient North Arabian origin; from his extensive stay in Northwest Arabia, it is listed in the Nabonidus Chronicle (approx. 6th century B.C.E) as Neo-Babylonian 𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍 (ia-at-ri-bu /⁠Iatribu⁠/) among several other familiar and connected city names like تَيْمَاء (taymāʔ, “Tayma”), دَادَان (dādān, “Dedan”), and خَيْبَر (ḵaybar, “Khaybar”). It is also attested in Minaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb) and later in Sabaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb) in the Abraha period, multiple forms exist in Greek, Koine Greek λαθριππα (lathrippa) by Ptolemy, Byzantine Greek ιαθριππα (iathrippa) by Stephanus Byzantinus, as well as an undated Nabataean inscription. The Arabs natively connect it to the root ث ر ب (ṯ-r-b) meaning to complain or accuse, to speak contemptuously, to blame or reproach, to punish or mete out justice, often with a folk attribution to a certain individual's name. Tradition has it that the negative connotations with this root was one of the impetus behind its later change to alternative appellations. The term مَدِينَة (madīna, “Madinah”) is likely borrowed from the Jewish population, meaning a city or province, originally a jurisdiction or place of justice, which was likely just a by-name by its city-going inhabitants, but can possibly also invoke a remnant of the sense "to mete out justice or punishment". Etymology templates: {{unc|ar}} Uncertain, {{der|ar|xna|-}} Ancient North Arabian, {{cog|akk-nbb|𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍||tr=ia-at-ri-bu|ts=Iatribu}} Neo-Babylonian 𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍 (ia-at-ri-bu /⁠Iatribu⁠/), {{cog|inm|𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨|tr=}} Minaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb), {{cog|xsa|𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨|tr=yṯrb}} Sabaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb), {{cog|grc-koi|λαθριππα}} Koine Greek λαθριππα (lathrippa), {{cog|gkm|ιαθριππα}} Byzantine Greek ιαθριππα (iathrippa), {{ar-root|ث ر ب}} ث ر ب (ṯ-r-b) Head templates: {{ar-proper noun|يَثْرِب|f}} يَثْرِب • (yaṯrib) f Inflection templates: {{ar-decl-noun|يَثْرِب:di|state=ind-def}} Forms: يَثْرِب [canonical], yaṯrib [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], - [diptote, indefinite, informal, singular], يَثْرِب [definite, diptote, informal, singular], - [construct, diptote, informal, singular], - [diptote, indefinite, nominative, singular], يَثْرِبُ [definite, diptote, nominative, singular], - [construct, diptote, nominative, singular], - [accusative, diptote, indefinite, singular], يَثْرِبَ [accusative, definite, diptote, singular], - [accusative, construct, diptote, singular], - [diptote, genitive, indefinite, singular], يَثْرِبَ [definite, diptote, genitive, singular], - [construct, diptote, genitive, singular]
  1. (historical) Yathrib/Yethrib (former name of Medina) Tags: historical Synonyms: المَدِينَة, المَدِينَة المُنَوَّرَة, مَدِينَة الرَّسُول
    Sense id: en-يثرب-ar-name-O0bj3ycu Categories (other): Arabic entries with incorrect language header, Arabic nouns with basic diptote singular, Arabic terms belonging to the root ث ر ب, Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations Disambiguation of Arabic entries with incorrect language header: 17 21 12 13 12 12 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

Forms: يَثْرِبُ [canonical], yaṯribu [romanization]
Head templates: {{ar-verb-form|يَثْرِبُ|I}} يَثْرِبُ • (yaṯribu) (form I)
  1. third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba, “to blame someone for guilt”) Tags: active, form-i, form-of, indicative, masculine, non-past, singular, third-person Form of: ثَرَبَ (extra: ṯaraba, “to blame someone for guilt”)
    Sense id: en-يثرب-ar-verb-1MZMlseZ Categories (other): Arabic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Arabic entries with incorrect language header: 17 21 12 13 12 12 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Forms: يَثْرُبَ [canonical], yaṯruba [romanization]
Head templates: {{ar-verb-form|يَثْرُبَ|I}} يَثْرُبَ • (yaṯruba) (form I)
  1. third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba) Tags: active, form-i, form-of, masculine, non-past, singular, subjunctive, third-person Form of: ثَرَبَ (extra: ṯaraba)
    Sense id: en-يثرب-ar-verb-aE2LG520 Categories (other): Arabic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Arabic entries with incorrect language header: 17 21 12 13 12 12 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Forms: تَثْرِبْ [canonical], taṯrib [romanization]
Head templates: {{ar-verb-form|تَثْرِبْ|I}} تَثْرِبْ • (taṯrib) (form I)
  1. third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba) Tags: active, form-i, form-of, jussive, masculine, non-past, singular, third-person Form of: ثَرَبَ (extra: ṯaraba)
    Sense id: en-يثرب-ar-verb-ecQY-3VY Categories (other): Arabic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Arabic entries with incorrect language header: 17 21 12 13 12 12 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Forms: يُثْرَبُ [canonical], yuṯrabu [romanization]
Head templates: {{ar-verb-form|يُثْرَبُ|I}} يُثْرَبُ • (yuṯrabu) (form I)
  1. third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba) Tags: form-i, form-of, indicative, masculine, non-past, passive, singular, third-person Form of: ثَرَبَ (extra: ṯaraba)
    Sense id: en-يثرب-ar-verb-VIMTPZ1B Categories (other): Arabic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Arabic entries with incorrect language header: 17 21 12 13 12 12 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Forms: يُثْرَبَ [canonical], yuṯraba [romanization]
Head templates: {{ar-verb-form|يُثْرَبَ|I}} يُثْرَبَ • (yuṯraba) (form I)
  1. third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba) Tags: form-i, form-of, masculine, non-past, passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person Form of: ثَرَبَ (extra: ṯaraba)
    Sense id: en-يثرب-ar-verb-ME50A229 Categories (other): Arabic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Arabic entries with incorrect language header: 17 21 12 13 12 12 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Forms: يُثْرَبْ [canonical], yuṯrab [romanization]
Head templates: {{ar-verb-form|يُثْرَبْ|I}} يُثْرَبْ • (yuṯrab) (form I)
  1. third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba) Tags: form-i, form-of, jussive, masculine, non-past, passive, singular, third-person Form of: ثَرَبَ (extra: ṯaraba)
    Sense id: en-يثرب-ar-verb-z65FyiGc Categories (other): Arabic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Arabic entries with incorrect language header: 17 21 12 13 12 12 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for يثرب meaning in Arabic (11.0kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "xna",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient North Arabian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk-nbb",
        "2": "𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍",
        "3": "",
        "tr": "ia-at-ri-bu",
        "ts": "Iatribu"
      },
      "expansion": "Neo-Babylonian 𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍 (ia-at-ri-bu /⁠Iatribu⁠/)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "inm",
        "2": "𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Minaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xsa",
        "2": "𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨",
        "tr": "yṯrb"
      },
      "expansion": "Sabaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc-koi",
        "2": "λαθριππα"
      },
      "expansion": "Koine Greek λαθριππα (lathrippa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gkm",
        "2": "ιαθριππα"
      },
      "expansion": "Byzantine Greek ιαθριππα (iathrippa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ث ر ب"
      },
      "expansion": "ث ر ب (ṯ-r-b)",
      "name": "ar-root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, most likely of Ancient North Arabian origin; from his extensive stay in Northwest Arabia, it is listed in the Nabonidus Chronicle (approx. 6th century B.C.E) as Neo-Babylonian 𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍 (ia-at-ri-bu /⁠Iatribu⁠/) among several other familiar and connected city names like تَيْمَاء (taymāʔ, “Tayma”), دَادَان (dādān, “Dedan”), and خَيْبَر (ḵaybar, “Khaybar”). It is also attested in Minaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb) and later in Sabaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb) in the Abraha period, multiple forms exist in Greek, Koine Greek λαθριππα (lathrippa) by Ptolemy, Byzantine Greek ιαθριππα (iathrippa) by Stephanus Byzantinus, as well as an undated Nabataean inscription.\nThe Arabs natively connect it to the root ث ر ب (ṯ-r-b) meaning to complain or accuse, to speak contemptuously, to blame or reproach, to punish or mete out justice, often with a folk attribution to a certain individual's name. Tradition has it that the negative connotations with this root was one of the impetus behind its later change to alternative appellations. The term مَدِينَة (madīna, “Madinah”) is likely borrowed from the Jewish population, meaning a city or province, originally a jurisdiction or place of justice, which was likely just a by-name by its city-going inhabitants, but can possibly also invoke a remnant of the sense \"to mete out justice or punishment\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِب",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yaṯrib",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ar-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "diptote",
        "indefinite",
        "informal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِب",
      "roman": "yaṯrib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "diptote",
        "informal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "diptote",
        "informal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "diptote",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِبُ",
      "roman": "yaṯribu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "diptote",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "diptote",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "diptote",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِبَ",
      "roman": "yaṯriba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "diptote",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "construct",
        "diptote",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "diptote",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِبَ",
      "roman": "yaṯriba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "diptote",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "diptote",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يَثْرِب",
        "2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "يَثْرِب • (yaṯrib) f",
      "name": "ar-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يَثْرِب:di",
        "state": "ind-def"
      },
      "name": "ar-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 21 12 13 12 12 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic nouns with basic diptote singular",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic terms belonging to the root ث ر ب",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Yathrib/Yethrib (former name of Medina)"
      ],
      "id": "en-يثرب-ar-name-O0bj3ycu",
      "links": [
        [
          "Yathrib",
          "Yathrib"
        ],
        [
          "Yethrib",
          "Yethrib"
        ],
        [
          "Medina",
          "Medina#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) Yathrib/Yethrib (former name of Medina)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "المَدِينَة"
        },
        {
          "word": "المَدِينَة المُنَوَّرَة"
        },
        {
          "word": "مَدِينَة الرَّسُول"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jaθ.rib/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِبُ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yaṯribu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يَثْرِبُ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يَثْرِبُ • (yaṯribu) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 21 12 13 12 12 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba, “to blame someone for guilt”",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba, “to blame someone for guilt”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-يثرب-ar-verb-1MZMlseZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يَثْرُبَ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yaṯruba",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يَثْرُبَ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يَثْرُبَ • (yaṯruba) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 21 12 13 12 12 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "id": "en-يثرب-ar-verb-aE2LG520",
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "تَثْرِبْ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taṯrib",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "تَثْرِبْ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "تَثْرِبْ • (taṯrib) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 21 12 13 12 12 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "id": "en-يثرب-ar-verb-ecQY-3VY",
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "jussive",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يُثْرَبُ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yuṯrabu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يُثْرَبُ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يُثْرَبُ • (yuṯrabu) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 21 12 13 12 12 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "id": "en-يثرب-ar-verb-VIMTPZ1B",
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يُثْرَبَ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yuṯraba",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يُثْرَبَ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يُثْرَبَ • (yuṯraba) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 21 12 13 12 12 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "id": "en-يثرب-ar-verb-ME50A229",
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يُثْرَبْ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yuṯrab",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يُثْرَبْ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يُثْرَبْ • (yuṯrab) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 21 12 13 12 12 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "id": "en-يثرب-ar-verb-z65FyiGc",
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "jussive",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Arabic 2-syllable words",
    "Arabic definite nouns",
    "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Arabic feminine nouns",
    "Arabic lemmas",
    "Arabic non-lemma forms",
    "Arabic nouns with basic diptote singular",
    "Arabic proper nouns",
    "Arabic terms belonging to the root ث ر ب",
    "Arabic terms derived from Ancient North Arabian",
    "Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Arabic terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Arabic verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "xna",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient North Arabian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk-nbb",
        "2": "𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍",
        "3": "",
        "tr": "ia-at-ri-bu",
        "ts": "Iatribu"
      },
      "expansion": "Neo-Babylonian 𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍 (ia-at-ri-bu /⁠Iatribu⁠/)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "inm",
        "2": "𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Minaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xsa",
        "2": "𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨",
        "tr": "yṯrb"
      },
      "expansion": "Sabaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc-koi",
        "2": "λαθριππα"
      },
      "expansion": "Koine Greek λαθριππα (lathrippa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gkm",
        "2": "ιαθριππα"
      },
      "expansion": "Byzantine Greek ιαθριππα (iathrippa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ث ر ب"
      },
      "expansion": "ث ر ب (ṯ-r-b)",
      "name": "ar-root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, most likely of Ancient North Arabian origin; from his extensive stay in Northwest Arabia, it is listed in the Nabonidus Chronicle (approx. 6th century B.C.E) as Neo-Babylonian 𒅀𒀜𒊑𒁍 (ia-at-ri-bu /⁠Iatribu⁠/) among several other familiar and connected city names like تَيْمَاء (taymāʔ, “Tayma”), دَادَان (dādān, “Dedan”), and خَيْبَر (ḵaybar, “Khaybar”). It is also attested in Minaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb) and later in Sabaean 𐩺𐩻𐩧𐩨 (yṯrb) in the Abraha period, multiple forms exist in Greek, Koine Greek λαθριππα (lathrippa) by Ptolemy, Byzantine Greek ιαθριππα (iathrippa) by Stephanus Byzantinus, as well as an undated Nabataean inscription.\nThe Arabs natively connect it to the root ث ر ب (ṯ-r-b) meaning to complain or accuse, to speak contemptuously, to blame or reproach, to punish or mete out justice, often with a folk attribution to a certain individual's name. Tradition has it that the negative connotations with this root was one of the impetus behind its later change to alternative appellations. The term مَدِينَة (madīna, “Madinah”) is likely borrowed from the Jewish population, meaning a city or province, originally a jurisdiction or place of justice, which was likely just a by-name by its city-going inhabitants, but can possibly also invoke a remnant of the sense \"to mete out justice or punishment\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِب",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yaṯrib",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ar-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "diptote",
        "indefinite",
        "informal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِب",
      "roman": "yaṯrib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "diptote",
        "informal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "diptote",
        "informal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "diptote",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِبُ",
      "roman": "yaṯribu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "diptote",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "diptote",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "diptote",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِبَ",
      "roman": "yaṯriba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "diptote",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "construct",
        "diptote",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "diptote",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِبَ",
      "roman": "yaṯriba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "diptote",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "diptote",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يَثْرِب",
        "2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "يَثْرِب • (yaṯrib) f",
      "name": "ar-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يَثْرِب:di",
        "state": "ind-def"
      },
      "name": "ar-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Arabic terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Yathrib/Yethrib (former name of Medina)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Yathrib",
          "Yathrib"
        ],
        [
          "Yethrib",
          "Yethrib"
        ],
        [
          "Medina",
          "Medina#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) Yathrib/Yethrib (former name of Medina)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "المَدِينَة"
        },
        {
          "word": "المَدِينَة المُنَوَّرَة"
        },
        {
          "word": "مَدِينَة الرَّسُول"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jaθ.rib/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Arabic non-lemma forms",
    "Arabic verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يَثْرِبُ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yaṯribu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يَثْرِبُ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يَثْرِبُ • (yaṯribu) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba, “to blame someone for guilt”",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba, “to blame someone for guilt”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Arabic non-lemma forms",
    "Arabic verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يَثْرُبَ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yaṯruba",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يَثْرُبَ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يَثْرُبَ • (yaṯruba) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Arabic non-lemma forms",
    "Arabic verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "تَثْرِبْ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "taṯrib",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "تَثْرِبْ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "تَثْرِبْ • (taṯrib) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "jussive",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Arabic non-lemma forms",
    "Arabic verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يُثْرَبُ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yuṯrabu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يُثْرَبُ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يُثْرَبُ • (yuṯrabu) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Arabic non-lemma forms",
    "Arabic verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يُثْرَبَ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yuṯraba",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يُثْرَبَ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يُثْرَبَ • (yuṯraba) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Arabic non-lemma forms",
    "Arabic verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "يُثْرَبْ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yuṯrab",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "يُثْرَبْ",
        "2": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "يُثْرَبْ • (yuṯrab) (form I)",
      "name": "ar-verb-form"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Arabic",
  "lang_code": "ar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ṯaraba",
          "word": "ثَرَبَ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of ثَرَبَ (ṯaraba)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ثَرَبَ",
          "ثرب#Arabic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-i",
        "form-of",
        "jussive",
        "masculine",
        "non-past",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "يثرب"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Arabic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.