See ة in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 3 4 22 18 18 19 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 4 19 20 16 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic script characters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 7 21 17 16 16 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ة (tāʔ marbūṭa) is a variant of the letter ت (tāʔ) used at the end of words. It is formed from the letter ه (hāʔ) with the addition of the two overdots of ت (tāʔ)."
],
"id": "en-ة-ar-character-zajDQbCg",
"links": [
[
"ة",
"ة#Arabic"
],
[
"ت",
"ت#Arabic"
],
[
"ه",
"ه#Arabic"
],
[
"ت",
"ت#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"letter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/taːʔ mar.buː.tˤa/"
}
],
"word": "ة"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gulf Arabic",
"lang_code": "afb",
"roman": "-a",
"word": "ـة"
},
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Classical Persian",
"lang_code": "fa-cls",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-a",
"word": "ـَه"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sem-pro:*-at-<id:feminine>",
"id": "feminine"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*-at-\", \"lang\" : \"sem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ة\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" }\" data-id=\"feminine\" data-lang=\"ar\" data-title=\"ة\" id=\"Arabic:_feminine\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*-at-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *-at-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*-t",
"4": "*-t, *-Vt",
"pos": "feminine suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *-t, *-Vt (feminine suffix)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "-t"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian -t",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Semitic *-at-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *-t, *-Vt (feminine suffix). See also Egyptian -t.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـَة",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "ـَة"
},
"expansion": "ـَة • (-a)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form feminine adjectives from masculine adjectives."
],
"id": "en-ة-ar-suffix-ERMQUJIV",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form feminine nouns from masculine nouns referring to people."
],
"id": "en-ة-ar-suffix-r8JRUpHZ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 3 4 22 18 18 19 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 4 19 20 16 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 7 21 17 16 16 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 4 11 9 8 8 3 2 4 4 2 5 2 2 1 11 2 2 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 2 11 9 9 9 2 2 4 4 2 6 1 2 1 13 1 2 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 1 11 9 9 9 1 1 4 5 1 7 1 1 1 14 1 1 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 9 9 7 7 3 4 4 4 2 5 2 3 3 10 2 3 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 11 9 8 8 2 2 4 4 2 5 2 2 2 12 2 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 2 11 9 9 9 2 2 4 4 1 6 1 1 2 13 1 1 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Levantine Arabic entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 2 11 9 9 9 2 2 4 4 1 6 1 1 2 13 1 1 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Levantine Arabic entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 2 11 9 9 9 2 2 4 4 1 6 1 1 2 13 1 1 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Levantine Arabic entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 1 12 9 9 9 1 1 4 4 1 7 1 1 1 14 1 1 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Levantine Arabic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 1 11 9 8 9 2 2 4 4 1 6 1 1 2 13 1 1 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "بَقَر (baqar, “cattle”) + ـَة (-a) → بَقَرَة (baqara, “a cow”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "شَجَر (šajar, “trees”) + ـَة (-a) → شَجَرَة (šajara, “tree”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form singulative nouns (referring to one item) from collective nouns (referring to a collection of items)."
],
"id": "en-ة-ar-suffix-xAp6rt1T",
"links": [
[
"singulative",
"singulative#English"
],
[
"collective",
"collective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 3 4 22 18 18 19 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 4 19 20 16 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 7 21 17 16 16 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 9 9 7 7 3 4 4 4 2 5 2 3 3 10 2 3 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "اِبْتِسَام (ibtisām, “smiling”) + ـَة (-a) → اِبْتِسَامَة (ibtisāma, “a smile”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "اِنْتِفَاض (intifāḍ, “rising up, shaking off”) + ـَة (-a) → اِنْتِفَاضَة (intifāḍa, “an uprising, an intifada”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix used to form instance nouns (nomina vicis, referring to a single instance of an action) from verbal nouns."
],
"id": "en-ة-ar-suffix-ar:instance_noun",
"links": [
[
"instance noun",
"instance noun#English"
],
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ar:instance noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 3 4 22 18 18 19 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 4 19 20 16 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 7 21 17 16 16 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "اِشْتِرَاكِيّ (ištirākiyy, “socialist”) + ـَة (-a) → اِشْتِرَاكِيَّة (ištirākiyya, “socialism”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form abstract nouns from nisba adjectives in ـِيّ (-iyy). Alternatively, the combination of the two suffixes can be viewed as a single suffix ـِيَّة (-iyya)."
],
"id": "en-ة-ar-suffix-3rU9CBjJ",
"links": [
[
"abstract noun",
"abstract noun#English"
],
[
"nisba",
"nisba#English"
],
[
"ـِيّ",
"ي#Arabic"
],
[
"ـِيَّة",
"ية#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 3 4 22 18 18 19 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 4 19 20 16 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 7 21 17 16 16 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns referring to devices from occupational/characteristic nouns and adjectives (e.g. دَبَّابَة (dabbāba, “tank”) from دَبَّاب (dabbāb, “crawling, crawler”)) and from active participles (e.g. طَابِعَة (ṭābiʕa, “printer (computing device)”) from طَابِع (ṭābiʕ, “printer (person)”))."
],
"id": "en-ة-ar-suffix-oZfV-wzK",
"links": [
[
"دَبَّابَة",
"دبابة#Arabic"
],
[
"tank",
"tank#English"
],
[
"دَبَّاب",
"دباب#Arabic"
],
[
"crawling",
"crawling#English"
],
[
"crawler",
"crawler#English"
],
[
"طَابِعَة",
"طابعة#Arabic"
],
[
"printer",
"printer#English"
],
[
"طَابِع",
"طابع#Arabic"
],
[
"printer",
"printer#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns of various sorts from adjectives: for instance, قَرِينَة (qarīna, “connection”) from قَرِين (qarīn, “connected”) or مُعَلَّقَة (muʕallaqa, “poster, placard”) from مُعَلَّق (muʕallaq, “suspended”)."
],
"id": "en-ة-ar-suffix-9Kloxacp",
"links": [
[
"قَرِينَة",
"قرينة#Arabic"
],
[
"connection",
"connection#English"
],
[
"قَرِين",
"قرين#Arabic"
],
[
"connected",
"connected#English"
],
[
"مُعَلَّقَة",
"معلقة#Arabic"
],
[
"poster",
"poster#English"
],
[
"placard",
"placard#English"
],
[
"مُعَلَّق",
"معلق#Arabic"
],
[
"suspended",
"suspended#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-a/",
"tags": [
"informal",
"pausal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ah/",
"tags": [
"informal",
"pausal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-e/",
"tags": [
"Levantine-Arabic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ə/",
"note": "Gulf"
}
],
"word": "ة"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic entries with etymon",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic feminine suffixes",
"Arabic inflectional suffixes",
"Arabic informal terms",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic letters",
"Arabic noun-forming suffixes",
"Arabic nouns",
"Arabic script characters",
"Arabic suffixes",
"Arabic terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Arabic terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Semitic",
"Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"South Levantine Arabic entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with etymology texts",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with etymology trees",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with etymon",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"South Levantine Arabic feminine suffixes",
"South Levantine Arabic lemmas",
"South Levantine Arabic suffixes",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Semitic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Arabic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"ة (tāʔ marbūṭa) is a variant of the letter ت (tāʔ) used at the end of words. It is formed from the letter ه (hāʔ) with the addition of the two overdots of ت (tāʔ)."
],
"links": [
[
"ة",
"ة#Arabic"
],
[
"ت",
"ت#Arabic"
],
[
"ه",
"ه#Arabic"
],
[
"ت",
"ت#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"letter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/taːʔ mar.buː.tˤa/"
}
],
"word": "ة"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic entries with etymon",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic feminine suffixes",
"Arabic inflectional suffixes",
"Arabic informal terms",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic noun-forming suffixes",
"Arabic suffixes",
"Arabic terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Arabic terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Semitic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"South Levantine Arabic entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with etymology texts",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with etymology trees",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with etymon",
"South Levantine Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"South Levantine Arabic feminine suffixes",
"South Levantine Arabic lemmas",
"South Levantine Arabic suffixes",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Semitic",
"South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gulf Arabic",
"lang_code": "afb",
"roman": "-a",
"word": "ـة"
},
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Classical Persian",
"lang_code": "fa-cls",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-a",
"word": "ـَه"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sem-pro:*-at-<id:feminine>",
"id": "feminine"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*-at-\", \"lang\" : \"sem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Arabic\", \"term\" : \"ة\", \"lang\" : \"ar\" }\" data-id=\"feminine\" data-lang=\"ar\" data-title=\"ة\" id=\"Arabic:_feminine\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*-at-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *-at-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*-t",
"4": "*-t, *-Vt",
"pos": "feminine suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *-t, *-Vt (feminine suffix)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "-t"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian -t",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Semitic *-at-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *-t, *-Vt (feminine suffix). See also Egyptian -t.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـَة",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "ـَة"
},
"expansion": "ـَة • (-a)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form feminine adjectives from masculine adjectives."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form feminine nouns from masculine nouns referring to people."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "بَقَر (baqar, “cattle”) + ـَة (-a) → بَقَرَة (baqara, “a cow”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "شَجَر (šajar, “trees”) + ـَة (-a) → شَجَرَة (šajara, “tree”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form singulative nouns (referring to one item) from collective nouns (referring to a collection of items)."
],
"links": [
[
"singulative",
"singulative#English"
],
[
"collective",
"collective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "اِبْتِسَام (ibtisām, “smiling”) + ـَة (-a) → اِبْتِسَامَة (ibtisāma, “a smile”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "اِنْتِفَاض (intifāḍ, “rising up, shaking off”) + ـَة (-a) → اِنْتِفَاضَة (intifāḍa, “an uprising, an intifada”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix used to form instance nouns (nomina vicis, referring to a single instance of an action) from verbal nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"instance noun",
"instance noun#English"
],
[
"verbal noun",
"verbal noun#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ar:instance noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "اِشْتِرَاكِيّ (ištirākiyy, “socialist”) + ـَة (-a) → اِشْتِرَاكِيَّة (ištirākiyya, “socialism”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form abstract nouns from nisba adjectives in ـِيّ (-iyy). Alternatively, the combination of the two suffixes can be viewed as a single suffix ـِيَّة (-iyya)."
],
"links": [
[
"abstract noun",
"abstract noun#English"
],
[
"nisba",
"nisba#English"
],
[
"ـِيّ",
"ي#Arabic"
],
[
"ـِيَّة",
"ية#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns referring to devices from occupational/characteristic nouns and adjectives (e.g. دَبَّابَة (dabbāba, “tank”) from دَبَّاب (dabbāb, “crawling, crawler”)) and from active participles (e.g. طَابِعَة (ṭābiʕa, “printer (computing device)”) from طَابِع (ṭābiʕ, “printer (person)”))."
],
"links": [
[
"دَبَّابَة",
"دبابة#Arabic"
],
[
"tank",
"tank#English"
],
[
"دَبَّاب",
"دباب#Arabic"
],
[
"crawling",
"crawling#English"
],
[
"crawler",
"crawler#English"
],
[
"طَابِعَة",
"طابعة#Arabic"
],
[
"printer",
"printer#English"
],
[
"طَابِع",
"طابع#Arabic"
],
[
"printer",
"printer#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns of various sorts from adjectives: for instance, قَرِينَة (qarīna, “connection”) from قَرِين (qarīn, “connected”) or مُعَلَّقَة (muʕallaqa, “poster, placard”) from مُعَلَّق (muʕallaq, “suspended”)."
],
"links": [
[
"قَرِينَة",
"قرينة#Arabic"
],
[
"connection",
"connection#English"
],
[
"قَرِين",
"قرين#Arabic"
],
[
"connected",
"connected#English"
],
[
"مُعَلَّقَة",
"معلقة#Arabic"
],
[
"poster",
"poster#English"
],
[
"placard",
"placard#English"
],
[
"مُعَلَّق",
"معلق#Arabic"
],
[
"suspended",
"suspended#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-a/",
"tags": [
"informal",
"pausal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ah/",
"tags": [
"informal",
"pausal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-e/",
"tags": [
"Levantine-Arabic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ə/",
"note": "Gulf"
}
],
"word": "ة"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ة meaning in Arabic (8.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: no case",
"path": [
"ة"
],
"section": "Arabic",
"subsection": "letter",
"title": "ة",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: تَاء مَرْبُوطَة (tāʔ marbūṭa)",
"path": [
"ة"
],
"section": "Arabic",
"subsection": "letter",
"title": "ة",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Arabic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.