See ἴουλος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ἴουλος meaning in Ancient Greek (8.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ioulízō",
"word": "ἰουλίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ioulís",
"word": "ἰουλίς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ioulópezos",
"word": "ἰουλόπεζος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ioulophóros",
"word": "ἰουλοφόρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Ioulṓ",
"word": "Ἰουλώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ioulṓdēs",
"word": "ἰουλώδης"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ίουλος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: ίουλος (íoulos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: ίουλος (íoulos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iūlus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: iūlus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: iūlus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-",
"t": "to turn, wind, round"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, round”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "οὖλος",
"3": "",
"4": "wooly, fuzzy"
},
"expansion": "οὖλος (oûlos, “wooly, fuzzy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰλέω",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn, wind"
},
"expansion": "εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, wind”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "phn",
"3": "*𐤉𐤋",
"tr": "*yūl"
},
"expansion": "Phoenician *𐤉𐤋 (*yūl)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*waral-"
},
"expansion": "*waral-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arc-jla",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Jewish Literary Aramaic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arc",
"2": "יָלָא",
"tr": "yālā"
},
"expansion": "יָלָא (yālā)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arc",
"2": "יַלָּא",
"tr": "yallā"
},
"expansion": "יַלָּא (yallā)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Phoenician",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Punic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpu",
"2": "𐤓𐤀𐤔",
"t": "head",
"ts": "rūš"
},
"expansion": "𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /rūš/, “head”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*raʾš-",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "*raʾš- (“head”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, round”), the same root of οὖλος (oûlos, “wooly, fuzzy”) and εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, wind”). However according to targum exegetes it could be borrowed from Phoenician *𐤉𐤋 (*yūl) from the Proto-Semitic lizard name *waral-. This form and similar meanings can be reconstructed on the basis of the animal name’s Jewish Literary Aramaic measure יָלָא (yālā), alternating with יַלָּא (yallā), since /aː/ regularly comes out /uː/ in Phoenician-Punic (like 𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /rūš/, “head”) from *raʾš- (“head”)). In Jewish Aramaic it also meant a kind of blood-sucking animal, and even closer to the original meaning of a worral would be the Greek senses of certain earth-graving insects. “The first growth of the whiskers and beard” would then be transferred from the image of the undersides of the throats of certain lizards; corn-sheaves afford a similar picture. From any of these meanings the sense of a catkin can be transferred.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "íoulos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἰούλου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ ἴουλος",
"roman": "ho íoulos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ἰούλω",
"roman": "tṑ ioúlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ ἴουλοι",
"roman": "hoi íouloi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἰούλου",
"roman": "toû ioúlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ἰούλοιν",
"roman": "toîn ioúloin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ἰούλων",
"roman": "tôn ioúlōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἰούλῳ",
"roman": "tôi ioúlōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ἰούλοιν",
"roman": "toîn ioúloin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ἰούλοις",
"roman": "toîs ioúlois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν ἴουλον",
"roman": "tòn íoulon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ἰούλω",
"roman": "tṑ ioúlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς ἰούλους",
"roman": "toùs ioúlous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἴουλε",
"roman": "íoule",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἰούλω",
"roman": "ioúlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἴουλοι",
"roman": "íouloi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἰούλου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "ἴουλος • (íoulos) m (genitive ἰούλου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἴουλος",
"2": "ου",
"form": "M"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 37 39 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, the first growth of the whiskers and beard"
],
"id": "en-ἴουλος-grc-noun-ntLbgMas",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"whisker",
"whisker"
],
[
"beard",
"beard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 37 39 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"corn sheaf"
],
"id": "en-ἴουλος-grc-noun-Te4lRhFb",
"links": [
[
"corn",
"corn"
],
[
"sheaf",
"sheaf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 95 3 0",
"roman": "oûlos",
"sense": "corn sheaf",
"word": "οὖλος"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "grc:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 54 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 37 39 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 25 52 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 18 49 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Arthropods",
"orig": "grc:Arthropods",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 12 61 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "grc:Hair",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"catkin; tendril"
],
"id": "en-ἴουλος-grc-noun-XWk2n~JQ",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"catkin",
"catkin"
],
[
"tendril",
"tendril"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) catkin; tendril"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "21 7 67 4",
"roman": "ioulís",
"sense": "rainbow wrasse",
"word": "ἰουλίς"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"creature like the centipede, perhaps the woodlouse or the earthworm"
],
"id": "en-ἴουλος-grc-noun-Pcbu0eqg",
"links": [
[
"creature",
"creature"
],
[
"centipede",
"centipede"
],
[
"woodlouse",
"woodlouse"
],
[
"earthworm",
"earthworm"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/í.uː.los/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/"
},
{
"ipa": "/í.uː.los/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἴουλος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Phoenician",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Phoenician",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"grc:Arthropods",
"grc:Hair"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ioulízō",
"word": "ἰουλίζω"
},
{
"roman": "ioulís",
"word": "ἰουλίς"
},
{
"roman": "ioulópezos",
"word": "ἰουλόπεζος"
},
{
"roman": "ioulophóros",
"word": "ἰουλοφόρος"
},
{
"roman": "Ioulṓ",
"word": "Ἰουλώ"
},
{
"roman": "ioulṓdēs",
"word": "ἰουλώδης"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "ίουλος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: ίουλος (íoulos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: ίουλος (íoulos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iūlus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: iūlus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: iūlus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-",
"t": "to turn, wind, round"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, round”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "οὖλος",
"3": "",
"4": "wooly, fuzzy"
},
"expansion": "οὖλος (oûlos, “wooly, fuzzy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰλέω",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn, wind"
},
"expansion": "εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, wind”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "phn",
"3": "*𐤉𐤋",
"tr": "*yūl"
},
"expansion": "Phoenician *𐤉𐤋 (*yūl)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*waral-"
},
"expansion": "*waral-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arc-jla",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Jewish Literary Aramaic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arc",
"2": "יָלָא",
"tr": "yālā"
},
"expansion": "יָלָא (yālā)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arc",
"2": "יַלָּא",
"tr": "yallā"
},
"expansion": "יַלָּא (yallā)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Phoenician",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Punic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpu",
"2": "𐤓𐤀𐤔",
"t": "head",
"ts": "rūš"
},
"expansion": "𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /rūš/, “head”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*raʾš-",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "*raʾš- (“head”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, round”), the same root of οὖλος (oûlos, “wooly, fuzzy”) and εἰλέω (eiléō, “to turn, wind”). However according to targum exegetes it could be borrowed from Phoenician *𐤉𐤋 (*yūl) from the Proto-Semitic lizard name *waral-. This form and similar meanings can be reconstructed on the basis of the animal name’s Jewish Literary Aramaic measure יָלָא (yālā), alternating with יַלָּא (yallā), since /aː/ regularly comes out /uː/ in Phoenician-Punic (like 𐤓𐤀𐤔 (rʾš /rūš/, “head”) from *raʾš- (“head”)). In Jewish Aramaic it also meant a kind of blood-sucking animal, and even closer to the original meaning of a worral would be the Greek senses of certain earth-graving insects. “The first growth of the whiskers and beard” would then be transferred from the image of the undersides of the throats of certain lizards; corn-sheaves afford a similar picture. From any of these meanings the sense of a catkin can be transferred.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "íoulos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἰούλου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ ἴουλος",
"roman": "ho íoulos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ἰούλω",
"roman": "tṑ ioúlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ ἴουλοι",
"roman": "hoi íouloi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἰούλου",
"roman": "toû ioúlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ἰούλοιν",
"roman": "toîn ioúloin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν ἰούλων",
"roman": "tôn ioúlōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἰούλῳ",
"roman": "tôi ioúlōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν ἰούλοιν",
"roman": "toîn ioúloin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ἰούλοις",
"roman": "toîs ioúlois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν ἴουλον",
"roman": "tòn íoulon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ ἰούλω",
"roman": "tṑ ioúlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς ἰούλους",
"roman": "toùs ioúlous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἴουλε",
"roman": "íoule",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἰούλω",
"roman": "ioúlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἴουλοι",
"roman": "íouloi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἰούλου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "ἴουλος • (íoulos) m (genitive ἰούλου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἴουλος",
"2": "ου",
"form": "M"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"down, the first growth of the whiskers and beard"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"whisker",
"whisker"
],
[
"beard",
"beard"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"corn sheaf"
],
"links": [
[
"corn",
"corn"
],
[
"sheaf",
"sheaf"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"catkin; tendril"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"catkin",
"catkin"
],
[
"tendril",
"tendril"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) catkin; tendril"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"creature like the centipede, perhaps the woodlouse or the earthworm"
],
"links": [
[
"creature",
"creature"
],
[
"centipede",
"centipede"
],
[
"woodlouse",
"woodlouse"
],
[
"earthworm",
"earthworm"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/í.uː.los/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/"
},
{
"ipa": "/í.uː.los/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi.u.los/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "oûlos",
"sense": "corn sheaf",
"word": "οὖλος"
},
{
"roman": "ioulís",
"sense": "rainbow wrasse",
"word": "ἰουλίς"
}
],
"word": "ἴουλος"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.