See ἔτος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wet-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*wétos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *wétos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wétos",
"t": "year"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wétos (“year”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vetus"
},
"expansion": "Latin vetus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वत्स",
"tr": "vatsá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वत्स (vatsá)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ϝέτος (wétos), from Proto-Hellenic *wétos, from Proto-Indo-European *wétos (“year”). Cognates include Latin vetus and Sanskrit वत्स (vatsá). See also Ancient Greek πέρυσι (pérusi).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "étos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔτος",
"roman": "tò étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔτη",
"roman": "tằ étē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἔτους",
"roman": "toû étous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτοῖν",
"roman": "etoîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτῶν",
"roman": "etôn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἔτῃ",
"roman": "tôi étēi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτοῖν",
"roman": "etoîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ἔτεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs étesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs étesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔτος",
"roman": "tò étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔτη",
"roman": "tằ étē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτος",
"roman": "étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτη",
"roman": "étē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Epic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτος",
"roman": "étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
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},
{
"form": "ἔτεε",
"roman": "étee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεᾰ",
"roman": "éteă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεος",
"roman": "éteos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτευς",
"roman": "éteus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτέοιν",
"roman": "etéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτέων",
"roman": "etéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεῐ̈",
"roman": "éteĭ̈",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτέοιν",
"roman": "etéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "étesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "étesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτος",
"roman": "étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεε",
"roman": "étee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεᾰ",
"roman": "éteă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτος",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεε",
"roman": "étee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεᾰ",
"roman": "éteă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"gen2": "ἔτους"
},
"expansion": "ἔτος • (étos) n (genitive ἔτεος or ἔτους); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔτος",
"2": "ἔτους",
"DS": "ἔτῃ, ἔτει",
"notes": "Note the irregular singular dative."
},
"name": "grc-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔτος",
"2": "ἔτεος",
"dial": "epi"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Calendar",
"orig": "grc:Calendar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "euetērĭ́ā",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "εὐετηρῐ́ᾱ"
},
{
"roman": "tetraetērís",
"word": "τετραετηρίς"
},
{
"roman": "triākontaétēs",
"word": "τριᾱκονταέτης"
}
],
"glosses": [
"year"
],
"id": "en-ἔτος-grc-noun-TLTqJVg8",
"links": [
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "têtes",
"word": "τῆτες"
},
{
"roman": "sêtes",
"word": "σῆτες"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/é.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/é.tos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἔτος"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "euetērĭ́ā",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "εὐετηρῐ́ᾱ"
},
{
"roman": "tetraetērís",
"word": "τετραετηρίς"
},
{
"roman": "triākontaétēs",
"word": "τριᾱκονταέτης"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wet-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*wétos"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wétos",
"t": "year"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wétos (“year”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vetus"
},
"expansion": "Latin vetus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वत्स",
"tr": "vatsá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वत्स (vatsá)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ϝέτος (wétos), from Proto-Hellenic *wétos, from Proto-Indo-European *wétos (“year”). Cognates include Latin vetus and Sanskrit वत्स (vatsá). See also Ancient Greek πέρυσι (pérusi).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "étos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔτος",
"roman": "tò étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔτη",
"roman": "tằ étē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ἔτους",
"roman": "toû étous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτοῖν",
"roman": "etoîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτῶν",
"roman": "etôn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ἔτῃ",
"roman": "tôi étēi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτοῖν",
"roman": "etoîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ἔτεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs étesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs étesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἔτος",
"roman": "tò étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ἔτη",
"roman": "tằ étē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτος",
"roman": "étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτη",
"roman": "étē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Epic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτος",
"roman": "étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεε",
"roman": "étee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεᾰ",
"roman": "éteă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεος",
"roman": "éteos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτευς",
"roman": "éteus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτέοιν",
"roman": "etéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτέων",
"roman": "etéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεῐ̈",
"roman": "éteĭ̈",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐτέοιν",
"roman": "etéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "étesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "étesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτος",
"roman": "étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεε",
"roman": "étee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεᾰ",
"roman": "éteă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτος",
"roman": "étos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτει",
"roman": "étei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεε",
"roman": "étee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔτεᾰ",
"roman": "éteă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔτεος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"gen2": "ἔτους"
},
"expansion": "ἔτος • (étos) n (genitive ἔτεος or ἔτους); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔτος",
"2": "ἔτους",
"DS": "ἔτῃ, ἔτει",
"notes": "Note the irregular singular dative."
},
"name": "grc-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ἔτος",
"2": "ἔτεος",
"dial": "epi"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "têtes",
"word": "τῆτες"
},
{
"roman": "sêtes",
"word": "σῆτες"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wet-",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"grc:Calendar"
],
"glosses": [
"year"
],
"links": [
[
"year",
"year"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/é.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/é.tos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.tos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἔτος"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ἔτος meaning in Ancient Greek (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.