See ἐν in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "en-",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "ἐν-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "en dé",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "ἐν δέ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "and compounds"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "εν"
},
"expansion": "Greek: εν (en)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: εν (en)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "h₁én"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁én",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*h₁én>in",
"id": "in"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "Latin in",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ի"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ի (i)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "English in",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁én\nFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”), cognate with Latin in, Old Armenian ի (i), English in.\nThe dative is from the PIE locative. The genitive is an innovated Greek associative. The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "en",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐνῐ́",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "enĭ́",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐνῑ́",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "enī́",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔνι",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "éni",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "εἰν",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "ein",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "εἰνῐ́",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "einĭ́",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔν",
"roman": "én",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐμ",
"roman": "em",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἰν",
"roman": "in",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dat",
"2": "gen",
"3": "acc"
},
"expansion": "ἐν • (en) (governs the dative, genitive, and accusative)",
"name": "grc-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 30 30 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 39 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 34 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 32 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among",
"in the house or the land of"
],
"id": "en-ἐν-grc-prep-Ig~8yd0I",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"among",
"among"
]
],
"qualifier": "elliptical",
"raw_glosses": [
"(location) (with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among",
"(elliptical, with genitive) in the house or the land of"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"with-dative",
"with-genitive"
],
"topics": [
"location"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 35 26 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 30 30 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 35 26 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 34 26 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[Poseidon answering Iris:]\nand Zeus got the wide heaven surrounded by clear air and clouds",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.192",
"roman": "Zeùs d’ élakh’ ouranòn eurùn en aithéri kaì nephélēisi",
"text": "Ζεὺς δ’ ἔλαχ’ οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι"
},
{
"english": "The clothes that he happened to be wearing when he achieved this, Necos dedicated to Apollo and sent to the Branchidae of Miletos.",
"ref": "Her., 2 159",
"roman": "en têi dè esthêti étukhe taûta katergasámenos, anéthēke tôi Apóllōni pémpsas es Brankhídas tàs Milēsíōn.",
"text": "ἐν τῇ δὲ ἐσθῆτι ἔτυχε ταῦτα κατεργασάμενος, ἀνέθηκε τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι πέμψας ἐς Βραγχίδας τὰς Μιλησίων."
}
],
"glosses": [
"(with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among",
"surrounded by; wearing"
],
"id": "en-ἐν-grc-prep-T2QuTsGS",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"among",
"among"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(location) (with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among",
"surrounded by; wearing"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"with-dative"
],
"topics": [
"location"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 30 30 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "1919 translation by Augustus Taber Murray\nAnd he made fast in the raft braces and halyards and sheets,\nand then with levers forced it down into the bright sea.",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.260–261, (wherein the first ἐν forms part of the phrasal adverb ἐν δ’ and αὐτῇ refers to σχεδίην in line 251)",
"roman": "mokhloîsin d’ ára tḗn ge kateírusen eis hála dîan.",
"text": "ἐν δ’ ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ’ ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ,\nμοχλοῖσιν δ’ ἄρα τήν γε κατείρυσεν εἰς ἅλα δῖαν.\nen d’ hupéras te kálous te pódas t’ enédēsen en autêi,"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among"
],
"id": "en-ἐν-grc-prep-hP2~o4z6",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"among",
"among"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(location) (with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"with-dative"
],
"topics": [
"location"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "grc:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, at, or during the time of"
],
"id": "en-ἐν-grc-prep-O6iRwZud",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(time) in, at, or during the time of"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"with-dative"
],
"topics": [
"time"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/en/"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
},
{
"other": "/em/"
},
{
"other": "[eŋ]"
}
],
"word": "ἐν"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 1-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek accusative prepositions",
"Ancient Greek dative prepositions",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek prepositions",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁én",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek unaccented terms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "en-",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "ἐν-"
},
{
"roman": "en dé",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "ἐν δέ"
},
{
"word": "and compounds"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "εν"
},
"expansion": "Greek: εν (en)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: εν (en)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "h₁én"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁én",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*h₁én>in",
"id": "in"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "Latin in",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ի"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ի (i)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "English in",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁én\nFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”), cognate with Latin in, Old Armenian ի (i), English in.\nThe dative is from the PIE locative. The genitive is an innovated Greek associative. The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "en",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐνῐ́",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "enĭ́",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐνῑ́",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "enī́",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔνι",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "éni",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "εἰν",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "ein",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "εἰνῐ́",
"raw_tags": [
"as necessary for meter"
],
"roman": "einĭ́",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Epic"
]
},
{
"form": "ἔν",
"roman": "én",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἐμ",
"roman": "em",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ἰν",
"roman": "in",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dat",
"2": "gen",
"3": "acc"
},
"expansion": "ἐν • (en) (governs the dative, genitive, and accusative)",
"name": "grc-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"(with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among",
"in the house or the land of"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"among",
"among"
]
],
"qualifier": "elliptical",
"raw_glosses": [
"(location) (with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among",
"(elliptical, with genitive) in the house or the land of"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"with-dative",
"with-genitive"
],
"topics": [
"location"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[Poseidon answering Iris:]\nand Zeus got the wide heaven surrounded by clear air and clouds",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.192",
"roman": "Zeùs d’ élakh’ ouranòn eurùn en aithéri kaì nephélēisi",
"text": "Ζεὺς δ’ ἔλαχ’ οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι"
},
{
"english": "The clothes that he happened to be wearing when he achieved this, Necos dedicated to Apollo and sent to the Branchidae of Miletos.",
"ref": "Her., 2 159",
"roman": "en têi dè esthêti étukhe taûta katergasámenos, anéthēke tôi Apóllōni pémpsas es Brankhídas tàs Milēsíōn.",
"text": "ἐν τῇ δὲ ἐσθῆτι ἔτυχε ταῦτα κατεργασάμενος, ἀνέθηκε τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι πέμψας ἐς Βραγχίδας τὰς Μιλησίων."
}
],
"glosses": [
"(with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among",
"surrounded by; wearing"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"among",
"among"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(location) (with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among",
"surrounded by; wearing"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"with-dative"
],
"topics": [
"location"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "1919 translation by Augustus Taber Murray\nAnd he made fast in the raft braces and halyards and sheets,\nand then with levers forced it down into the bright sea.",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.260–261, (wherein the first ἐν forms part of the phrasal adverb ἐν δ’ and αὐτῇ refers to σχεδίην in line 251)",
"roman": "mokhloîsin d’ ára tḗn ge kateírusen eis hála dîan.",
"text": "ἐν δ’ ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ’ ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ,\nμοχλοῖσιν δ’ ἄρα τήν γε κατείρυσεν εἰς ἅλα δῖαν.\nen d’ hupéras te kálous te pódas t’ enédēsen en autêi,"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"among",
"among"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(location) (with dative) in, on, at; (with dative plural) among"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"with-dative"
],
"topics": [
"location"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Time"
],
"glosses": [
"in, at, or during the time of"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(time) in, at, or during the time of"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"with-dative"
],
"topics": [
"time"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/en/"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/en/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
},
{
"other": "/em/"
},
{
"other": "[eŋ]"
}
],
"word": "ἐν"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ἐν meaning in Ancient Greek (6.1kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''(with dative) in, on, at; (wit'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"ἐν"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "ἐν",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.