See ἆσθμα in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "άσθμα"
},
"expansion": "Greek: άσθμα (ásthma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: άσθμα (ásthma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "āsthma",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: āsthma\nAsturian: asma\nCatalan: asma\nEnglish: asthma\nAustralian Kriol: esma\n→ Tamil: ஆஸ்துமா (āstumā)\nTok Pisin: asma\nFrench: asthme\n→ Romanian: astmă\n→ Turkish: astım\n→ Persian: آسم (âsm)\nItalian: asma\nSpanish: asma\n→ Polish: astma\n→ Dutch: astma\nAfrikaans: asma\n→ Indonesian: asma\n→ Hungarian: asztma",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: āsthma\nAsturian: asma\nCatalan: asma\nEnglish: asthma\nAustralian Kriol: esma\n→ Tamil: ஆஸ்துமா (āstumā)\nTok Pisin: asma\nFrench: asthme\n→ Romanian: astmă\n→ Turkish: astım\n→ Persian: آسم (âsm)\nItalian: asma\nSpanish: asma\n→ Polish: astma\n→ Dutch: astma\nAfrikaans: asma\n→ Indonesian: asma\n→ Hungarian: asztma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂enh₁-",
"t": "to breathe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "unclear"
},
"expansion": "unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-μα"
},
"expansion": "-μα (-ma)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeia"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally taken from an earlier *ἄνσθμα (*ánsthma), potentially a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”) with an extension of unclear origin, followed by the suffix -μα (-ma) (from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥). Compare ἄνεμος (ánemos, “wind”). However, Beekes is skeptical, as the Greek does not show the expected initial of *ἀνε- (*ane-), and prefers to take the word as an ad-hoc onomatopoeic formation + a suffix -θμα (-thma) also found in ἴθμα (íthma) (though Chantraine suspects that the -σ- (-s-) replaces the *-ε- (*-e-) in *ἀνε- (*ane-) for euphonic reasons).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ἆσθμᾰ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "âsthmă",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἆσθμᾰ",
"roman": "tò âsthmă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτε",
"roman": "ā́sthmăte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "tằ ā́sthmătă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος",
"roman": "toû ā́sthmătos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓σθμᾰ́τοιν",
"roman": "āsthmắtoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓σθμᾰ́των",
"roman": "āsthmắtōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτῐ",
"roman": "tôi ā́sthmătĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓σθμᾰ́τοιν",
"roman": "āsthmắtoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ᾱ̓́σθμᾰσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs ā́sthmăsĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs ā́sthmăsĭn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἆσθμᾰ",
"roman": "tò âsthmă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτε",
"roman": "ā́sthmăte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "tằ ā́sthmătă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἆσθμᾰ",
"roman": "âsthmă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτε",
"roman": "ā́sthmăte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "ā́sthmătă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"head": "ἆσθμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "ἆσθμᾰ • (âsthmă) n (genitive ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἆσθμᾰ",
"2": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "pant, gasp for breath",
"roman": "asthmaínō",
"word": "ἀσθμαίνω"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -μα",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short-drawn breath, panting"
],
"id": "en-ἆσθμα-grc-noun-5LmO9Eyj",
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"drawn",
"drawn"
],
[
"panting",
"panting"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "grc:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"asthma"
],
"id": "en-ἆσθμα-grc-noun-aVsuqQ7K",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"asthma",
"asthma"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) asthma"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/âːstʰ.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/âːstʰ.ma/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈastʰ.ma/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἆσθμα"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek onomatopoeias",
"Ancient Greek properispomenon terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -μα",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "άσθμα"
},
"expansion": "Greek: άσθμα (ásthma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: άσθμα (ásthma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "āsthma",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: āsthma\nAsturian: asma\nCatalan: asma\nEnglish: asthma\nAustralian Kriol: esma\n→ Tamil: ஆஸ்துமா (āstumā)\nTok Pisin: asma\nFrench: asthme\n→ Romanian: astmă\n→ Turkish: astım\n→ Persian: آسم (âsm)\nItalian: asma\nSpanish: asma\n→ Polish: astma\n→ Dutch: astma\nAfrikaans: asma\n→ Indonesian: asma\n→ Hungarian: asztma",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: āsthma\nAsturian: asma\nCatalan: asma\nEnglish: asthma\nAustralian Kriol: esma\n→ Tamil: ஆஸ்துமா (āstumā)\nTok Pisin: asma\nFrench: asthme\n→ Romanian: astmă\n→ Turkish: astım\n→ Persian: آسم (âsm)\nItalian: asma\nSpanish: asma\n→ Polish: astma\n→ Dutch: astma\nAfrikaans: asma\n→ Indonesian: asma\n→ Hungarian: asztma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂enh₁-",
"t": "to breathe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "unclear"
},
"expansion": "unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-μα"
},
"expansion": "-μα (-ma)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeia"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally taken from an earlier *ἄνσθμα (*ánsthma), potentially a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”) with an extension of unclear origin, followed by the suffix -μα (-ma) (from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥). Compare ἄνεμος (ánemos, “wind”). However, Beekes is skeptical, as the Greek does not show the expected initial of *ἀνε- (*ane-), and prefers to take the word as an ad-hoc onomatopoeic formation + a suffix -θμα (-thma) also found in ἴθμα (íthma) (though Chantraine suspects that the -σ- (-s-) replaces the *-ε- (*-e-) in *ἀνε- (*ane-) for euphonic reasons).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ἆσθμᾰ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "âsthmă",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἆσθμᾰ",
"roman": "tò âsthmă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτε",
"roman": "ā́sthmăte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "tằ ā́sthmătă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος",
"roman": "toû ā́sthmătos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓σθμᾰ́τοιν",
"roman": "āsthmắtoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓σθμᾰ́των",
"roman": "āsthmắtōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτῐ",
"roman": "tôi ā́sthmătĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓σθμᾰ́τοιν",
"roman": "āsthmắtoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς ᾱ̓́σθμᾰσῐ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰσῐν",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs ā́sthmăsĭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs ā́sthmăsĭn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ ἆσθμᾰ",
"roman": "tò âsthmă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτε",
"roman": "ā́sthmăte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "tằ ā́sthmătă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ἆσθμᾰ",
"roman": "âsthmă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτε",
"roman": "ā́sthmăte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτᾰ",
"roman": "ā́sthmătă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"head": "ἆσθμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "ἆσθμᾰ • (âsthmă) n (genitive ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἆσθμᾰ",
"2": "ᾱ̓́σθμᾰτος"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "pant, gasp for breath",
"roman": "asthmaínō",
"word": "ἀσθμαίνω"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"short-drawn breath, panting"
],
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"drawn",
"drawn"
],
[
"panting",
"panting"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"asthma"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"asthma",
"asthma"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) asthma"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/âːstʰ.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "/âːstʰ.ma/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈastʰ.ma/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈasθ.ma/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἆσθμα"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ἆσθμα meaning in Ancient Greek (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.