"ἅρπη" meaning in Ancient Greek

See ἅρπη in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /hár.pɛː/, /ˈar.pi/, /ˈar.pi/, /hár.pɛː/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈ(h)ar.pe̝/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈar.pi/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈar.pi/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈar.pi/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Uncertain, but usually connected with ἁρπάζω (harpázō). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *srp- (“to reap, harvest; sickle”), with cognates including Latin sarpō, Old Church Slavonic срьпъ (srĭpŭ, “sickle”), and Latvian sirpis. However, there are some difficulties with these connections; for one, *sr̥p- is expected to yield Ancient Greek *ῥαπ- (*rhap-), not ἅρπ- (hárp-). There is possibly a contamination with a Semitic borrowing, Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-. Possibly from a Mediterranean substrate term related to the source of Latin sarpa (“heron”). Etymology templates: {{unc|grc}} Uncertain, {{der|grc|ine-pro|*srp-||to reap, harvest; sickle}} Proto-Indo-European *srp- (“to reap, harvest; sickle”), {{cog|la|sarpō}} Latin sarpō, {{cog|cu|срьпъ|t=sickle}} Old Church Slavonic срьпъ (srĭpŭ, “sickle”), {{cog|lv|sirpis}} Latvian sirpis, {{bor|grc|sem}} Semitic, {{der|grc|sem-pro|*x̣arb-}} Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-, {{der|grc|qfa-sub}} substrate, {{cog|la|sarpa||heron|id=heron}} Latin sarpa (“heron”) Head templates: {{grc-noun|ἅρπης|f|first}} ἅρπη • (hárpē) f (genitive ἅρπης); first declension, {{tlb|grc|Attic|Epic|Ionic}} (Attic, Epic, Ionic) Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|ᾰ̔́ρπη|ης|titleapp=Ionic}} Forms: hárpē [romanization], ἅρπης [genitive], Attic declension-1 [table-tags], ἡ ᾰ̔́ρπη [nominative, singular], ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ [dual, nominative], αἱ ᾰ̔́ρπαι [nominative, plural], τῆς ᾰ̔́ρπης [genitive, singular], ᾰ̔́ρπαιν [dual, genitive], ᾰ̔ρπῶν [genitive, plural], τῇ ᾰ̔́ρπῃ [dative, singular], ᾰ̔́ρπαιν [dative, dual], ταῖς ᾰ̔́ρπαις [dative, plural], τὴν ᾰ̔́ρπην [accusative, singular], ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ [accusative, dual], τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔́ρπᾱς [accusative, plural], ᾰ̔́ρπη [singular, vocative], ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ [dual, vocative], ᾰ̔́ρπαι [plural, vocative]
  1. a bird of prey, hawk, falcon, tiercel or goshawk (falco gentilis) Tags: Attic, Epic, Ionic
    Sense id: en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-~o-L41RG Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Attic Greek, Epic Greek, Ionic Greek, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Birds of prey, Tools Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 25 8 8 26 20 14 Disambiguation of Attic Greek: 62 3 3 12 10 10 Disambiguation of Epic Greek: 47 7 7 14 12 13 Disambiguation of Ionic Greek: 75 2 2 8 6 7 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 59 3 3 13 10 12 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 64 3 3 11 9 10 Disambiguation of Birds of prey: 84 3 3 4 3 4 Disambiguation of Tools: 19 7 7 25 20 23
  2. a sea-bird (probably shearwater) Tags: Attic, Epic, Ionic
    Sense id: en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-XY8f1G2X
  3. a kite Tags: Attic, Epic, Ionic
    Sense id: en-ἅρπη-grc-noun--s9RMexZ
  4. a sickle Tags: Attic, Epic, Ionic
    Sense id: en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-myGdiknK Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension, Tools Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 25 8 8 26 20 14 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension: 15 9 9 27 21 17 Disambiguation of Tools: 19 7 7 25 20 23
  5. a sickle-shaped sword, scimitar Tags: Attic, Epic, Ionic
    Sense id: en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-xWLp50JK Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Tools Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 25 8 8 26 20 14 Disambiguation of Tools: 19 7 7 25 20 23
  6. an elephant goad Tags: Attic, Epic, Ionic
    Sense id: en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-OuY-28j6 Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Tools Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 25 8 8 26 20 14 Disambiguation of Tools: 19 7 7 25 20 23

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "harpe"
          },
          "expansion": "English: harpe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: harpe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "αρπακτικό",
            "g": "n",
            "t": "bird of prey, predator"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: αρπακτικό n (arpaktikó, “bird of prey, predator”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: αρπακτικό n (arpaktikó, “bird of prey, predator”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "αρπακτικός",
            "nolb": "1",
            "t": "predatory, rapacious"
          },
          "expansion": "αρπακτικός (arpaktikós, “predatory, rapacious”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "αρπακτικός (arpaktikós, “predatory, rapacious”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "αρπακτικότητα",
            "g": "f",
            "nolb": "1",
            "t": "rapacity"
          },
          "expansion": "αρπακτικότητα f (arpaktikótita, “rapacity”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "αρπακτικότητα f (arpaktikótita, “rapacity”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "harpē"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: harpē",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: harpē"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "arpa"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: arpa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: arpa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "arpa"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: arpa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: arpa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "arpa"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: arpa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: arpa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "arpa"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: arpa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: arpa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*srp-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to reap, harvest; sickle"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *srp- (“to reap, harvest; sickle”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sarpō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sarpō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "срьпъ",
        "t": "sickle"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic срьпъ (srĭpŭ, “sickle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "sirpis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian sirpis",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "sem"
      },
      "expansion": "Semitic",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "sem-pro",
        "3": "*x̣arb-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sarpa",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heron",
        "id": "heron"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sarpa (“heron”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, but usually connected with ἁρπάζω (harpázō). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *srp- (“to reap, harvest; sickle”), with cognates including Latin sarpō, Old Church Slavonic срьпъ (srĭpŭ, “sickle”), and Latvian sirpis. However, there are some difficulties with these connections; for one, *sr̥p- is expected to yield Ancient Greek *ῥαπ- (*rhap-), not ἅρπ- (hárp-). There is possibly a contamination with a Semitic borrowing, Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-. Possibly from a Mediterranean substrate term related to the source of Latin sarpa (“heron”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hárpē",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἅρπης",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ ᾰ̔́ρπη",
      "roman": "hē hắrpē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ",
      "roman": "hắrpā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ ᾰ̔́ρπαι",
      "roman": "hai hắrpai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς ᾰ̔́ρπης",
      "roman": "tês hắrpēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπαιν",
      "roman": "hắrpain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔ρπῶν",
      "roman": "hărpôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ ᾰ̔́ρπῃ",
      "roman": "têi hắrpēi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπαιν",
      "roman": "hắrpain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς ᾰ̔́ρπαις",
      "roman": "taîs hắrpais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν ᾰ̔́ρπην",
      "roman": "tḕn hắrpēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ",
      "roman": "hắrpā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔́ρπᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s hắrpās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπη",
      "roman": "hắrpē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ",
      "roman": "hắrpā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπαι",
      "roman": "hắrpai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἅρπης",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "ἅρπη • (hárpē) f (genitive ἅρπης); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "Attic",
        "3": "Epic",
        "4": "Ionic"
      },
      "expansion": "(Attic, Epic, Ionic)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̔́ρπη",
        "2": "ης",
        "titleapp": "Ionic"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 8 8 26 20 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 3 3 12 10 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Attic Greek",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 7 7 14 12 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Epic Greek",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "75 2 2 8 6 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ionic Greek",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 3 3 13 10 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 3 3 11 9 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "84 3 3 4 3 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Birds of prey",
          "orig": "grc:Birds of prey",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 7 7 25 20 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "grc:Tools",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a bird of prey, hawk, falcon, tiercel or goshawk (falco gentilis)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-~o-L41RG",
      "links": [
        [
          "bird of prey",
          "bird of prey"
        ],
        [
          "hawk",
          "hawk"
        ],
        [
          "falcon",
          "falcon"
        ],
        [
          "tiercel",
          "tiercel"
        ],
        [
          "goshawk",
          "goshawk"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a sea-bird (probably shearwater)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-XY8f1G2X",
      "links": [
        [
          "shearwater",
          "shearwater"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a kite"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἅρπη-grc-noun--s9RMexZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "kite",
          "kite"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 8 8 26 20 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 9 9 27 21 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 7 7 25 20 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "grc:Tools",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a sickle"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-myGdiknK",
      "links": [
        [
          "sickle",
          "sickle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 8 8 26 20 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 7 7 25 20 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "grc:Tools",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a sickle-shaped sword, scimitar"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-xWLp50JK",
      "links": [
        [
          "scimitar",
          "scimitar"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 8 8 26 20 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 7 7 25 20 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "grc:Tools",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an elephant goad"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἅρπη-grc-noun-OuY-28j6",
      "links": [
        [
          "elephant",
          "elephant"
        ],
        [
          "goad",
          "goad"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hár.pɛː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hár.pɛː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈ(h)ar.pe̝/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἅρπη"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
    "Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Semitic languages",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Semitic languages",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from substrate languages",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Attic Greek",
    "Epic Greek",
    "Ionic Greek",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "grc:Birds of prey",
    "grc:Tools"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "harpe"
          },
          "expansion": "English: harpe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: harpe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "αρπακτικό",
            "g": "n",
            "t": "bird of prey, predator"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: αρπακτικό n (arpaktikó, “bird of prey, predator”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: αρπακτικό n (arpaktikó, “bird of prey, predator”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "αρπακτικός",
            "nolb": "1",
            "t": "predatory, rapacious"
          },
          "expansion": "αρπακτικός (arpaktikós, “predatory, rapacious”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "αρπακτικός (arpaktikós, “predatory, rapacious”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "αρπακτικότητα",
            "g": "f",
            "nolb": "1",
            "t": "rapacity"
          },
          "expansion": "αρπακτικότητα f (arpaktikótita, “rapacity”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "αρπακτικότητα f (arpaktikótita, “rapacity”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "harpē"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: harpē",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: harpē"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "arpa"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: arpa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: arpa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "arpa"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: arpa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: arpa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "arpa"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: arpa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: arpa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "arpa"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: arpa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: arpa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*srp-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to reap, harvest; sickle"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *srp- (“to reap, harvest; sickle”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sarpō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sarpō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "срьпъ",
        "t": "sickle"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic срьпъ (srĭpŭ, “sickle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "sirpis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian sirpis",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "sem"
      },
      "expansion": "Semitic",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "sem-pro",
        "3": "*x̣arb-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sarpa",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heron",
        "id": "heron"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sarpa (“heron”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain, but usually connected with ἁρπάζω (harpázō). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *srp- (“to reap, harvest; sickle”), with cognates including Latin sarpō, Old Church Slavonic срьпъ (srĭpŭ, “sickle”), and Latvian sirpis. However, there are some difficulties with these connections; for one, *sr̥p- is expected to yield Ancient Greek *ῥαπ- (*rhap-), not ἅρπ- (hárp-). There is possibly a contamination with a Semitic borrowing, Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-. Possibly from a Mediterranean substrate term related to the source of Latin sarpa (“heron”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hárpē",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἅρπης",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ ᾰ̔́ρπη",
      "roman": "hē hắrpē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ",
      "roman": "hắrpā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ ᾰ̔́ρπαι",
      "roman": "hai hắrpai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς ᾰ̔́ρπης",
      "roman": "tês hắrpēs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπαιν",
      "roman": "hắrpain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔ρπῶν",
      "roman": "hărpôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ ᾰ̔́ρπῃ",
      "roman": "têi hắrpēi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπαιν",
      "roman": "hắrpain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς ᾰ̔́ρπαις",
      "roman": "taîs hắrpais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν ᾰ̔́ρπην",
      "roman": "tḕn hắrpēn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ",
      "roman": "hắrpā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̔́ρπᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s hắrpās",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπη",
      "roman": "hắrpē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπᾱ",
      "roman": "hắrpā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̔́ρπαι",
      "roman": "hắrpai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ἅρπης",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "ἅρπη • (hárpē) f (genitive ἅρπης); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "Attic",
        "3": "Epic",
        "4": "Ionic"
      },
      "expansion": "(Attic, Epic, Ionic)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̔́ρπη",
        "2": "ης",
        "titleapp": "Ionic"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a bird of prey, hawk, falcon, tiercel or goshawk (falco gentilis)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bird of prey",
          "bird of prey"
        ],
        [
          "hawk",
          "hawk"
        ],
        [
          "falcon",
          "falcon"
        ],
        [
          "tiercel",
          "tiercel"
        ],
        [
          "goshawk",
          "goshawk"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a sea-bird (probably shearwater)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shearwater",
          "shearwater"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a kite"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kite",
          "kite"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a sickle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sickle",
          "sickle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a sickle-shaped sword, scimitar"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scimitar",
          "scimitar"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an elephant goad"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "elephant",
          "elephant"
        ],
        [
          "goad",
          "goad"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Attic",
        "Epic",
        "Ionic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hár.pɛː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hár.pɛː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈ(h)ar.pe̝/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈar.pi/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἅρπη"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ἅρπη meaning in Ancient Greek (7.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/1896",
  "msg": "Template nesting error: template_nesting = 1 couldn't split inflection templates, ἅρπη/Ancient Greek section inflection",
  "path": [
    "ἅρπη"
  ],
  "section": "Ancient Greek",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "ἅρπη",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.