"ἄφνω" meaning in Ancient Greek

See ἄφνω in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

IPA: /á.pʰnɔː/, /ˈa.ɸno/, /ˈa.fno/, /á.pʰnɔː/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈa.pʰno/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈa.ɸno/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈa.fno/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈa.fno/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan) Forms: áphnō [romanization]
Etymology: Related to ἐξαίφνης (exaíphnēs), αἴφνης (aíphnēs, “suddenly”), ἐξᾰπίνης (exapínēs, “id”), of uncertain origin. One theory derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷʰ-, shared with Sanskrit अह्नाय (ahnāya, “instantly, at once”). However, Beekes, noting the π/φ variation in the word's relatives, suggests Pre-Greek origin. Etymology templates: {{unc|grc|nocap=1}} uncertain, {{der|grc|ine-pro|*h₂egʷʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷʰ-, {{cog|sa|अह्नाय|t=instantly, at once}} Sanskrit अह्नाय (ahnāya, “instantly, at once”), {{bor|grc|qsb-grc}} Pre-Greek Head templates: {{grc-adv}} ἄφνω • (áphnō)
  1. unawares, of a sudden
    Sense id: en-ἄφνω-grc-adv-XENczaco Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 100 0
  2. suddenly, unexpectedly
    Sense id: en-ἄφνω-grc-adv-GkX8-Z9u
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ἄφνως (áphnōs)
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      "name": "der"
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    {
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  "etymology_text": "Related to ἐξαίφνης (exaíphnēs), αἴφνης (aíphnēs, “suddenly”), ἐξᾰπίνης (exapínēs, “id”), of uncertain origin. One theory derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷʰ-, shared with Sanskrit अह्नाय (ahnāya, “instantly, at once”). However, Beekes, noting the π/φ variation in the word's relatives, suggests Pre-Greek origin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "áphnō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ἄφνω • (áphnō)",
      "name": "grc-adv"
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  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
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      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "_dis": "100 0",
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      "glosses": [
        "unawares, of a sudden"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἄφνω-grc-adv-XENczaco",
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          "unawares",
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          "of a sudden",
          "of a sudden"
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        "suddenly, unexpectedly"
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      "id": "en-ἄφνω-grc-adv-GkX8-Z9u",
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        [
          "suddenly",
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          "unexpectedly"
        ]
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    {
      "ipa": "/á.pʰnɔː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.ɸno/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.fno/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/á.pʰnɔː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.pʰno/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.ɸno/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.fno/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.fno/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "áphnōs",
      "word": "ἄφνως"
    }
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  "word": "ἄφνω"
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    "Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms borrowed from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
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      "name": "der"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अह्नाय",
        "t": "instantly, at once"
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      "name": "cog"
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  "etymology_text": "Related to ἐξαίφνης (exaíphnēs), αἴφνης (aíphnēs, “suddenly”), ἐξᾰπίνης (exapínēs, “id”), of uncertain origin. One theory derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷʰ-, shared with Sanskrit अह्नाय (ahnāya, “instantly, at once”). However, Beekes, noting the π/φ variation in the word's relatives, suggests Pre-Greek origin.",
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        "romanization"
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  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
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      "glosses": [
        "unawares, of a sudden"
      ],
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        [
          "unawares",
          "unawares"
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          "of a sudden",
          "of a sudden"
        ]
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        "suddenly, unexpectedly"
      ],
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          "suddenly",
          "suddenly"
        ],
        [
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          "unexpectedly"
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/á.pʰnɔː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.ɸno/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.fno/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/á.pʰnɔː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.pʰno/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.ɸno/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.fno/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.fno/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "áphnōs",
      "word": "ἄφνως"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἄφνω"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.